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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

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Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
c^a + a = 2^b
Havu   14
N 3 minutes ago by ilikemath247365
Find $a, b, c\in\mathbb{Z}^+$ such that $a,b,c$ coprime, $a + b = 2c$ and $c^a + a = 2^b$.
14 replies
+1 w
Havu
May 10, 2025
ilikemath247365
3 minutes ago
inequality in 2021 China Second Round A2
EthanWYX2009   2
N 13 minutes ago by phi22_7
Source: 2021 China Second Round A2
Given $n\geq 2$, $a_1$, $a_2$, $\cdots$, $a_n\in\mathbb {R}$ satisfy
$$a_1\geqslant a_2\geqslant \cdots \geqslant a_n\geqslant 0,a_1+a_2+\cdots +a_n=n.$$Find the minimum value of $a_1+a_1a_2+\cdots +a_1a_2\cdots a_n$.
2 replies
EthanWYX2009
Feb 20, 2023
phi22_7
13 minutes ago
Beautiful geo but i cant solve this
phonghatemath   0
20 minutes ago
Source: homework
Given triangle $ABC$ inscribed in $(O)$. Two points $D, E$ lie on $BC$ such that $AD, AE$ are isogonal in $\widehat{BAC}$. $M$ is the midpoint of $AE$. $K$ lies on $DM$ such that $OK \bot AE$. $AD$ intersects $(O)$ at $P$. Prove that the line through $K$ parallel to $OP$ passes through the Euler center of triangle $ABC$.

Sorry for my English!
0 replies
phonghatemath
20 minutes ago
0 replies
How many friends can sit in that circle at most?
Arytva   1
N 21 minutes ago by Arytva

A group of friends sits in a ring. Each friend picks a different whole number and holds a stone marked with it. Then they pass their stone one seat to the right so everyone ends up with two stones: one they made and one they received. Now they notice something odd: if your original number is $x$, your right-neighbor’s is $y$, and the next person over is $z$, then for every trio in the circle they see

$$
x + z = (2 - x)\,y.
$$
They want as many friends as possible before this breaks (since all stones must stay distinct).

How many friends can sit in that circle at most?
1 reply
Arytva
Today at 10:00 AM
Arytva
21 minutes ago
Prove angles are equal
BigSams   52
N an hour ago by zuat.e
Source: Canadian Mathematical Olympiad - 1994 - Problem 5.
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle. Let $AD$ be the altitude on $BC$, and let $H$ be any interior point on $AD$. Lines $BH,CH$, when extended, intersect $AC,AB$ at $E,F$ respectively. Prove that $\angle EDH=\angle FDH$.
52 replies
BigSams
May 13, 2011
zuat.e
an hour ago
Angles in a triangle with integer cotangents
Stear14   2
N an hour ago by Stear14
In a triangle $ABC$, the point $M$ is the midpoint of $BC$ and $N$ is a point on the side $BC$ such that $BN:NC=2:1$. The cotangents of the angles $\angle BAM$, $\angle MAN$, and $\angle NAC$ are positive integers $k,m,n$.
(a) Show that the cotangent of the angle $\angle BAC$ is also an integer and equals $m-k-n$.
(b) Show that there are infinitely many possible triples $(k,m,n)$, some of which consisting of Fibonacci numbers.
2 replies
Stear14
May 21, 2025
Stear14
an hour ago
Parallelograms and concyclicity
Lukaluce   33
N an hour ago by HamstPan38825
Source: EGMO 2025 P4
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with incentre $I$ and $AB \neq AC$. Let lines $BI$ and $CI$ intersect the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $P \neq B$ and $Q \neq C$, respectively. Consider points $R$ and $S$ such that $AQRB$ and $ACSP$ are parallelograms (with $AQ \parallel RB, AB \parallel QR, AC \parallel SP$, and $AP \parallel CS$). Let $T$ be the point of intersection of lines $RB$ and $SC$. Prove that points $R, S, T$, and $I$ are concyclic.
33 replies
Lukaluce
Apr 14, 2025
HamstPan38825
an hour ago
silk road angle chasing , perpendiculars given, equal angles wanted
parmenides51   7
N 3 hours ago by Rayvhs
Source: SRMC 2019 P1
The altitudes of the acute-angled non-isosceles triangle $ ABC $ intersect at the point $ H $. On the segment $ C_1H $, where $ CC_1 $ is the altitude of the triangle, the point $ K $ is marked. Points $ L $ and $ M $ are the feet of perpendiculars from point $ K $ on straight lines $ AC $ and $ BC $, respectively. The lines $ AM $ and $ BL $ intersect at $ N $. Prove that $ \angle ANK = \angle HNL $.
7 replies
parmenides51
Jul 16, 2019
Rayvhs
3 hours ago
circumcenter of ARS lies on AD
Melid   1
N 3 hours ago by Acrylic3491
Source: own
In triangle $ABC$, let $D$ be a point on arc $BC$ of circle $ABC$ which doesn't contain $A$. $AD$ and $BC$ intersect at $E$. Let $P$ and $Q$ be the reflection of $E$ about to $AB$ and $AC$, respectively. $PD$ intersects $AB$ at $R$, and $QD$ intersects $AC$ at $S$. Prove that circumcenter of triangle $ARS$ lies on $AD$.
1 reply
Melid
Today at 9:30 AM
Acrylic3491
3 hours ago
interesting geometry config (3/3)
Royal_mhyasd   1
N 4 hours ago by Royal_mhyasd
Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle, $H$ its orthocenter and $E$ the center of its nine point circle. Let $P$ be a point on the parallel through $C$ to $AB$ such that $\angle CPH = |\angle BAC-\angle ABC|$ and $P$ and $A$ are on different sides of $BC$ and $Q$ a point on the parallel through $B$ to $AC$ such that $\angle BQH = |\angle BAC - \angle ACB|$ and $C$ and $Q$ are on different sides of $AB$. If $B'$ and $C'$ are the reflections of $H$ over $AC$ and $AB$ respectively, $S$ and $T$ are the intersections of $B'Q$ and $C'P$ respectively with the circumcircle of $\triangle ABC$, prove that the intersection of lines $CT$ and $BS$ lies on $HE$.

final problem for this "points on parallels forming strange angles with the orthocenter" config, for now. personally i think its pretty cool :D
1 reply
Royal_mhyasd
Today at 7:06 AM
Royal_mhyasd
4 hours ago
interesting geo config (2/3)
Royal_mhyasd   4
N 5 hours ago by Royal_mhyasd
Source: own
Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle and $H$ its orthocenter. Let $P$ be a point on the parallel through $A$ to $BC$ such that $\angle APH = |\angle ABC-\angle ACB|$. Define $Q$ and $R$ as points on the parallels through $B$ to $AC$ and through $C$ to $AB$ similarly. If $P,Q,R$ are positioned around the sides of $\triangle ABC$ as in the given configuration, prove that $P,Q,R$ are collinear.
4 replies
Royal_mhyasd
Yesterday at 11:36 PM
Royal_mhyasd
5 hours ago
Polyline with increasing links
NO_SQUARES   1
N 5 hours ago by Noirshade
Source: 239 MO 2025 10-11 p1
There are $100$ points on the plane, all pairwise distances between which are different. Is there always a polyline with vertices at these points, passing through each point once, in which the link lengths increase monotonously?
1 reply
NO_SQUARES
May 5, 2025
Noirshade
5 hours ago
Centroid, altitudes and medians, and concyclic points
BR1F1SZ   6
N 5 hours ago by pigeon123
Source: Austria National MO Part 1 Problem 2
Let $\triangle{ABC}$ be an acute triangle with $BC > AC$. Let $S$ be the centroid of triangle $ABC$ and let $F$ be the foot of the perpendicular from $C$ to side $AB$. The median $CS$ intersects the circumcircle $\gamma$ of triangle $\triangle{ABC}$ at a second point $P$. Let $M$ be the point where $CS$ intersects $AB$. The line $SF$ intersects the circle $\gamma$ at a point $Q$, such that $F$ lies between $S$ and $Q$. Prove that the points $M,P,Q$ and $F$ lie on a circle.

(Karl Czakler)
6 replies
BR1F1SZ
May 5, 2025
pigeon123
5 hours ago
P lies on BC
Melid   0
Today at 10:54 AM
Source: own
In scalene triangle $ABC$, which doesn't have right angle, let $O$ be its circumcenter. Let $H_{1}$ and $H_{2}$ be orthocenters of triangle $ABO$ and $ACO$, respectively. Let $O_{1}$ be circumcenter of triangle $OH_{1}H_{2}$. If circle $ACO_{1}$ and circle $CH_{1}H_{2}$ intersect at $P$ for the second time, prove that $P$ lies on $BC$.
0 replies
Melid
Today at 10:54 AM
0 replies
AC, BF, DE concurrent
a1267ab   76
N May 11, 2025 by Rayvhs
Source: APMO 2020 Problem 1
Let $\Gamma$ be the circumcircle of $\triangle ABC$. Let $D$ be a point on the side $BC$. The tangent to $\Gamma$ at $A$ intersects the parallel line to $BA$ through $D$ at point $E$. The segment $CE$ intersects $\Gamma$ again at $F$. Suppose $B$, $D$, $F$, $E$ are concyclic. Prove that $AC$, $BF$, $DE$ are concurrent.
76 replies
a1267ab
Jun 9, 2020
Rayvhs
May 11, 2025
AC, BF, DE concurrent
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: APMO 2020 Problem 1
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Inconsistent
1455 posts
#70 • 1 Y
Y by LeYohan
Ah, is this is legendary G0?

Let $X = ED \cap BF$ then $\angle EXF = \angle ABF = \angle EAF$ so $X = ED \cap (EAF)$.

Let $Y = ED \cap AC$ then $\angle FEY = \angle FBC = \angle FAC = \angle FAY$ so $Y = ED \cap (EAF)$.

Hence $X = Y$ so $DE, BF, AC$ concur.
Z K Y
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bin_sherlo
734 posts
#71
Y by
$AC \cap DE=K$
$\angle FAC=\angle FBC=\angle FBD=\angle FED \implies A,E,F,K$ are cyclic.
$\angle ABC=\angle AFE=\angle AKE \implies A,B,K,D$ are cyclic and $DK \parallel AB$ so $ABDK$ is an isosceles trapezoid.
Let $\angle ACE=\alpha$
$\angle EAF=\angle EKF=\alpha \implies \angle AKF=\angle B +\alpha$
$\angle EAC=\angle EDC=\angle B \implies A,D,C,E$ are cyclic.
$\angle ADE=\alpha \implies \angle ADC=\angle B+\alpha,\angle AKB=\angle BDA=180-\angle B-\alpha$
So $B,K,F$ are collinear.
Z K Y
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Aoxz
13 posts
#72
Y by
very good problem and little bit easy for p1 in APMO
Let $$AC \cap DE=M$$and we have power $$AE^2=EF.EC$$from angle chasing $$\angle EAC=\angle EMA$$it means $$AE=ME$$and $$ME^2=EF.EC$$so we found $$\angle MFC=\angle BAM$$and $ABCF$ cyclic so $$B,M,F$$collinear :-D
Z K Y
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potatohunter
16 posts
#73
Y by
Did not spot radical axis -_-

Let $P = AC \cap DE$. The following angle chase
\[ 
    \angle BAC = \angle BFC = 
    180 - \angle BFE
    = 180 - \angle EDB = \angle EDC = \angle ABC
    \]shows that $\triangle ABC$ is isosceles. Since $PD \parallel AB$, $ABDP$ is an isosceles trapezoid and in particular $\angle PBC = \angle DAC$. Furthermore, since $\angle EAC = \angle ABC = \angle EDC$, $AECD$ is cyclic. We have $\angle DAC = \angle DEC$. Hence,
\[ 
    \angle PBC = \angle DAC = \angle DEC = \angle DEF
    =\angle FBC,
    \]so $F,P,B$ are collinear.
Z K Y
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Leo.Euler
577 posts
#74
Y by
The only angle-based observation we make is that \[ \angle EAC = \angle ABC = \angle EDC, \]so $ADCE$ is cyclic. Thus we conclude by the radical axis theorem on $(ABC)$, $(BDFE)$, and $(ADCE)$, whence the pairwise radical axes are $AC$, $BF$, $DE$.
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eibc
600 posts
#75
Y by
By (degenerate) Reim on collinear points $B, D, C$ and $E, F, C$ we have $\overline{AB} \parallel \overline{DE} \parallel \overline{CC}$. Done by Pascal's on $AACCFB$.
Z K Y
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Hertz
32 posts
#76
Y by
$\angle EAC = \angle ABC = \angle EDC$ so $EADC$ is cyclic, $AC$, $BF$ and $DE$ turn out to be radical axises so they concur at the radical center
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Jishnu4414l
155 posts
#77
Y by
We define $X$ as $BF \cap DE$.
Claim: $X$ lies on $AC$.
Proof: Notice that $\angle ACB=\angle AEX$, and $\angle BAX=\angle AXE$.
Thus we must have $\angle EAX=\angle ABC$. However $\angle ABC=\angle EAC$.
Thus we have $\angle EAX=\angle EAC$ implying $A,X,C$ are collinear.
Our proof is thus complete.
Z K Y
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mannshah1211
652 posts
#78 • 1 Y
Y by LeYohan
bruh so trivial i thought i fakesolved

Note $\angle EDC = \angle ABC = \angle EAC,$ so $E, A, D, C$ are concyclic, and then radical axis theorem on the three circles $(ADCE), (AFCB), (BDFE)$ implies the result.
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dstanz5
243 posts
#79 • 1 Y
Y by LeYohan
mannshah1211 wrote:
bruh so trivial i thought i fakesolved

Note $\angle EDC = \angle ABC = \angle EAC,$ so $E, A, D, C$ are concyclic, and then radical axis theorem on the three circles $(ADCE), (AFCB), (BDFE)$ implies the result.

me too
I'm surprised that everyone found such a trivial solution but the solution on the website is like 10 lines (with no reasoning)
Click here to see the solution on the website
Z K Y
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Bluesoul
899 posts
#80
Y by
$\angle{EAC}=\angle{ABC}=\angle{EDC}\implies A,E,C,D$ are concyclic.

$DE, BF, AC$ are radical axes of $(ADCE),(BDFE); (BDFE), (ABC); (ABC), (ADCE)$, they are concurrent by radical axis theorem.
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LeYohan
62 posts
#81
Y by
Storage
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by LeYohan, Feb 8, 2025, 10:09 PM
Z K Y
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cursed_tangent1434
656 posts
#82
Y by
What a weird problem. Let $X = AC \cap BF$. Then we make the following observation.

Claim : Points $A$ , $E$ , $F$ and $X$ are concyclic.

Proof : Simply note that,
\[\measuredangle CFX = \measuredangle CFB =  \measuredangle EDB = \measuredangle ABC = \measuredangle EAC = \measuredangle EAX\]which implies the claim.

Now note,
\[\measuredangle XEA = \measuredangle XFA = \measuredangle BFA = \measuredangle BCA = \measuredangle BAE = \measuredangle DEA\]which implies that points $D$ , $X$ and $E$ are collinear. Thus, $AC$, $BF$, $DE$ are concurrent as desired.
Z K Y
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NicoN9
164 posts
#83
Y by
Kind of trivial for P1, once you notice that you could solve it using radical axes. :D

It suffice to show that $(A, C, B, F)$, $(B, F, D, E)$, $(D, E, A, C)$ are concyclic, respectively. First one is $\Gamma$, second one is clear. Third one follows from\[
\measuredangle CAE =\measuredangle CBA=\measuredangle CDE
\]and we are done.
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Rayvhs
30 posts
#84
Y by
Here's a solution without radical axes. Let $ED \cap BF = T $. We will prove that $A, T, C $ are collinear.
Angle chasing gives us:
\[\angle EAF = \angle ABF = \angle BFD + \angle EDF = \angle ETF,\]so quadrilateral $AEFT$is cyclic.
Next, we have:
\[\angle EAC = \angle ABC = \angle EDC,\]so quadrilateral $ADCE$ is cyclic.
Therefore,
\[\angle ACE = \angle ADE = \angle ABF,\]so quadrilateral $ABDT$ is cyclic.

Hence,
\[\angle ATE = \angle AFE = \angle ABC = \angle DTC.\]
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by Rayvhs, May 11, 2025, 5:49 PM
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