Stay ahead of learning milestones! Enroll in a class over the summer!

G
Topic
First Poster
Last Poster
k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

WOOT early bird pricing is in effect, don’t miss out! If you took MathWOOT Level 2 last year, no worries, it is all new problems this year! Our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training program is for high school level competitors. AoPS designed these courses to help our top students get the deep focus they need to succeed in their specific competition goals. Check out the details at this link for all our WOOT programs in math, computer science, chemistry, and physics.

Looking for summer camps in math and language arts? Be sure to check out the video-based summer camps offered at the Virtual Campus that are 2- to 4-weeks in duration. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following events:
[list][*]April 3rd (Webinar), 4pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learning with AoPS: Perspectives from a Parent, Math Camp Instructor, and University Professor
[*]April 8th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MATHCOUNTS State Discussion
April 9th (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learn about Video-based Summer Camps at the Virtual Campus
[*]April 10th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MathILy and MathILy-Er Math Jam: Multibackwards Numbers
[*]April 22nd (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Competitive Programming at AoPS (USACO).[/list]
Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
All classes run 7:30pm-8:45pm ET/4:30pm - 5:45pm PT unless otherwise noted.

Introductory: Grades 5-10

Prealgebra 1 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 1
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 13 - Aug 26
Thursday, May 29 - Sep 11
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Monday, Jun 30 - Oct 20
Wednesday, Jul 16 - Oct 29

Prealgebra 2 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 2
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Wednesday, May 7 - Aug 20
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 29 - Oct 26
Friday, Jul 25 - Nov 21

Introduction to Algebra A Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra A
Monday, Apr 7 - Jul 28
Sunday, May 11 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Wednesday, May 14 - Aug 27
Friday, May 30 - Sep 26
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Thursday, Jun 26 - Oct 9
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Oct 28

Introduction to Counting & Probability Self-Paced

Introduction to Counting & Probability
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Thursday, May 15 - Jul 31
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Wednesday, Jul 9 - Sep 24
Sunday, Jul 27 - Oct 19

Introduction to Number Theory
Thursday, Apr 17 - Jul 3
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Monday, Jun 9 - Aug 25
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Sep 30

Introduction to Algebra B Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra B
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 30
Tuesday, May 6 - Aug 19
Wednesday, Jun 4 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Oct 19
Friday, Jul 18 - Nov 14

Introduction to Geometry
Wednesday, Apr 23 - Oct 1
Sunday, May 11 - Nov 9
Tuesday, May 20 - Oct 28
Monday, Jun 16 - Dec 8
Friday, Jun 20 - Jan 9
Sunday, Jun 29 - Jan 11
Monday, Jul 14 - Jan 19

Intermediate: Grades 8-12

Intermediate Algebra
Monday, Apr 21 - Oct 13
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 23
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Nov 18
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 10
Sunday, Jul 13 - Jan 18
Thursday, Jul 24 - Jan 22

Intermediate Counting & Probability
Wednesday, May 21 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Nov 2

Intermediate Number Theory
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Wednesday, Jun 18 - Sep 3

Precalculus
Wednesday, Apr 9 - Sep 3
Friday, May 16 - Oct 24
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 9
Monday, Jun 30 - Dec 8

Advanced: Grades 9-12

Olympiad Geometry
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Aug 26

Calculus
Tuesday, May 27 - Nov 11
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 17

Group Theory
Thursday, Jun 12 - Sep 11

Contest Preparation: Grades 6-12

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Friday, May 23 - Aug 15
Monday, Jun 2 - Aug 18
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, May 11 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Problem Series
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Final Fives
Sunday, May 11 - Jun 8
Tuesday, May 27 - Jun 17
Monday, Jun 30 - Jul 21

AMC 12 Problem Series
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Wednesday, Aug 6 - Oct 22

AMC 12 Final Fives
Sunday, May 18 - Jun 15

F=ma Problem Series
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27

WOOT Programs
Visit the pages linked for full schedule details for each of these programs!


MathWOOT Level 1
MathWOOT Level 2
ChemWOOT
CodeWOOT
PhysicsWOOT

Programming

Introduction to Programming with Python
Thursday, May 22 - Aug 7
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

Intermediate Programming with Python
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

USACO Bronze Problem Series
Tuesday, May 13 - Jul 29
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 1

Physics

Introduction to Physics
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15

Physics 1: Mechanics
Thursday, May 22 - Oct 30
Monday, Jun 23 - Dec 15

Relativity
Sat & Sun, Apr 26 - Apr 27 (4:00 - 7:00 pm ET/1:00 - 4:00pm PT)
Mon, Tue, Wed & Thurs, Jun 23 - Jun 26 (meets every day of the week!)
0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Simply equation but hard
giangtruong13   0
11 minutes ago
Find all integer pairs $(x,y)$ satisfy that: $$(x^2+y)(y^2+x)=(x-y)^3$$
0 replies
+1 w
giangtruong13
11 minutes ago
0 replies
Silly Sequences
whatshisbucket   25
N 13 minutes ago by bin_sherlo
Source: ELMO 2018 #2, 2018 ELMO SL N3
Consider infinite sequences $a_1,a_2,\dots$ of positive integers satisfying $a_1=1$ and $$a_n \mid a_k+a_{k+1}+\dots+a_{k+n-1}$$for all positive integers $k$ and $n.$ For a given positive integer $m,$ find the maximum possible value of $a_{2m}.$

Proposed by Krit Boonsiriseth
25 replies
whatshisbucket
Jun 28, 2018
bin_sherlo
13 minutes ago
Advanced topics in Inequalities
va2010   8
N 17 minutes ago by sqing
So a while ago, I compiled some tricks on inequalities. You are welcome to post solutions below!
8 replies
2 viewing
va2010
Mar 7, 2015
sqing
17 minutes ago
Divisibility NT FE
CHESSR1DER   12
N 32 minutes ago by internationalnick123456
Source: Own
Find all functions $f$ $N \rightarrow N$ such for any $a,b$:
$(a+b)|a^{f(b)} + b^{f(a)}$.
12 replies
CHESSR1DER
Monday at 7:07 PM
internationalnick123456
32 minutes ago
Let \( a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n \) and \( b_1, b_2, \dots, b_n \) be nonzero real nu
Jackson0423   0
34 minutes ago
Let \( a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n \) and \( b_1, b_2, \dots, b_n \) be nonzero real numbers satisfying
\[
a_1^2 b_1^2 (a_1 + b_1) + a_2^2 b_2^2 (a_2 + b_2) + \cdots + a_n^2 b_n^2 (a_n + b_n) \leq 7,
\]\[
\frac{1}{a_1} + \cdots + \frac{1}{a_n} = \frac{1}{4}, \quad \frac{1}{b_1} + \cdots + \frac{1}{b_n} = \frac{1}{3}.
\]Find the maximum value of
\[
a_1 b_1 + a_2 b_2 + \cdots + a_n b_n.
\]
0 replies
Jackson0423
34 minutes ago
0 replies
Let \[ P(x) = a_0 + a_1 x^2 + a_2 x^4 + \cdots + a_{10} x^{20} \] be a polynom
Jackson0423   0
37 minutes ago
Let
\[
P(x) = a_0 + a_1 x^2 + a_2 x^4 + \cdots + a_{10} x^{20}
\]be a polynomial of degree 20 with only even powers of \( x \).
Let the roots of \( P(x) \) be \( x_1, x_2, \dots, x_{20} \).
Given that
\[
(x_1^2 + 1)(x_2^2 + 1) \cdots (x_{20}^2 + 1) = 2025,
\]find the **minimum value** of \( P(1) \).
``
0 replies
Jackson0423
37 minutes ago
0 replies
D1010 : How it is possible ?
Dattier   16
N 40 minutes ago by Dattier
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Is it true that$$\forall n \in \mathbb N^*, (24^n \times B \mod A) \mod 2 = 0 $$?

A=1728400904217815186787639216753921417860004366580219212750904
024377969478249664644267971025952530803647043121025959018172048
336953969062151534282052863307398281681465366665810775710867856
720572225880311472925624694183944650261079955759251769111321319
421445397848518597584590900951222557860592579005088853698315463
815905425095325508106272375728975

B=2275643401548081847207782760491442295266487354750527085289354
965376765188468052271190172787064418854789322484305145310707614
546573398182642923893780527037224143380886260467760991228567577
953725945090125797351518670892779468968705801340068681556238850
340398780828104506916965606659768601942798676554332768254089685
307970609932846902
16 replies
Dattier
Mar 10, 2025
Dattier
40 minutes ago
Define a sequence \( a(n) \) by the recurrence \[ a(n) = \left| a(n-1) - a(n-2)
Jackson0423   0
40 minutes ago
Define a sequence \( a(n) \) by the recurrence
\[
a(n) = \left| a(n-1) - a(n-2) \right|
\]for all \( n \geq 3 \), with initial values \( a(1) = m \), \( a(2) = n \), where \( m, n \in \mathbb{Z} \).
Show that for any integers \( m, n \), there exists a positive integer \( k \) such that
\[
a(i) = a(i+3)
\]for all integers \( i \geq k \).
0 replies
Jackson0423
40 minutes ago
0 replies
Inspired by old results
sqing   1
N 42 minutes ago by sqing
Source: Own
Let $ a,b \geq 0 $ and $ a^2+b^2+a+b \geq 4 .$ Prove that$$ \frac{1}{a^2+b+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+a+1}+\frac{1}{a+b+1} \leq  \frac{7\sqrt{17}-1}{26}$$
1 reply
sqing
an hour ago
sqing
42 minutes ago
Let \( a, b, c \) be positive real numbers satisfying \[ a^2 + c^2 = b(a + c). \
Jackson0423   0
42 minutes ago
Let \( a, b, c \) be positive real numbers satisfying
\[
a^2 + c^2 = b(a + c).
\]Let
\[
m = \min \left( \frac{a^2 + ab + b^2}{ab + bc + ca} \right).
\]Find the value of \( 2024m \).
0 replies
Jackson0423
42 minutes ago
0 replies
Two sets
steven_zhang123   6
N an hour ago by lgx57
Given \(0 < b < a\), let
\[
A = \left\{ r \, \middle| \, r = \frac{a}{3}\left(\frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{y} + \frac{1}{z}\right) + b\sqrt[3]{xyz}, \quad x, y, z \in \left[1, \frac{a}{b}\right] \right\},
\]and
\[
B = \left[2\sqrt{ab}, a + b\right].
\]
Prove that \(A = B\).
6 replies
steven_zhang123
Today at 7:44 AM
lgx57
an hour ago
Problem 2 (First Day)
Valentin Vornicu   82
N an hour ago by Ihatecombin
Find all polynomials $f$ with real coefficients such that for all reals $a,b,c$ such that $ab+bc+ca = 0$ we have the following relations

\[ f(a-b) + f(b-c) + f(c-a) = 2f(a+b+c). \]
82 replies
Valentin Vornicu
Jul 12, 2004
Ihatecombin
an hour ago
24 Aug FE problem
nicky-glass   2
N an hour ago by HuongToiVMO
Source: Baltic Way 1995
$f:\mathbb R\setminus \{0\} \to \mathbb R$
(i) $f(1)=1$,
(ii) $\forall x,y,x+y \neq 0:f(\frac{1}{x+y})=f(\frac{1}{x})+f(\frac{1}{y}) : P(x,y)$
(iii) $\forall x,y,x+y \neq 0:(x+y)f(x+y)=xyf(x)f(y) :Q(x,y)$
$f=?$
2 replies
nicky-glass
Aug 24, 2016
HuongToiVMO
an hour ago
Hard Polynomial Problem
MinhDucDangCHL2000   0
an hour ago
Source: IDK
Let $P(x)$ be a polynomial with integer coefficients. Suppose there exist infinitely many integer pairs $(a,b)$ such that $P(a) + P(b) = 0$. Prove that the graph of $P(x)$ is symmetric about a point (i.e., it has a center of symmetry).
0 replies
MinhDucDangCHL2000
an hour ago
0 replies
P,B,Q,R lie on a circle
efoski1687   6
N Aug 17, 2023 by starchan
Source: Russia 2000 10.3
In an acute scalene triangle $ABC$ the bisector of the acute angle between the altitudes $AA_1$ and $CC_1$ meets the sides $AB$ and $BC$ at $P$ and $Q$ respectively. The bisector of the angle $B$ intersects the segment joining the orthocenter of $ABC$ and the midpoint of $AC$ at point $R$. Prove that $P$, $B$, $Q$, $R$ lie on a circle.
6 replies
efoski1687
Dec 25, 2009
starchan
Aug 17, 2023
Source: Russia 2000 10.3
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
efoski1687
97 posts
#1 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
In an acute scalene triangle $ABC$ the bisector of the acute angle between the altitudes $AA_1$ and $CC_1$ meets the sides $AB$ and $BC$ at $P$ and $Q$ respectively. The bisector of the angle $B$ intersects the segment joining the orthocenter of $ABC$ and the midpoint of $AC$ at point $R$. Prove that $P$, $B$, $Q$, $R$ lie on a circle.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
sunken rock
4381 posts
#2 • 4 Y
Y by Mr-T19, ilia_all, Adventure10, Mango247
Let's take $ D$ - diametrically opposite to $ B$ in the circle $ (ABC)$, and $ H$ - its orthocenter. Obviously, $ BH$ and $ BD$ are symmetrical about the angle bisector $ BR$, and $ R \in HD$ ( $ ADCH$ is a parallelogram ).
Since $ \triangle HBC_1 \sim \triangle DBC$, we get $ \frac {BH}{BD} = \frac {BC_1}{BC}$ ( 1 ), so $ \frac {RH}{RD} = \frac {BC_1}{BC}$ ( 2 ). But $ \triangle AHC_1 \sim \triangle CHA_1 \sim \triangle CBC_1$, $ PQ$ is angle bisector, hence $ \frac {PC_1}{AP} = \frac {QA_1}{QC} = \frac {BC_1}{BC} = \frac {HR}{RD}$, that is $ PR || CC_1$ and $ QR || AA_1$, i.e. $ BPRQ$ is cyclic.

Best regards,
sunken rock
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
cnyd
394 posts
#3 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
I solved with trigonometry;

$ HR \cap AC = \{T\}$

$ BR\cap AC = \{S\}$

$ \angle CBS = \angle SBA = a$ $ \implies$ $ QR = RP = x$

$ \angle RQP = \angle RPQ = b$

$ \angle PRH = c$,$ \angle HCA = d$ ,$ (AT = TC)$

in $ \triangle HRQ$ ; $ \frac {x}{sin(b + c)} = \frac {QH}{sin(2b + c)}$

in $ \triangle HRP$ ; $ \frac {x}{sin(b + c)} = \frac {PH}{sinc}$

and we use trigonometry in $ \triangle HQC$,$ \triangle HCS$,$ \triangle HTA$,$ \triangle HPA$

we get $ sin(2b + c).sin(b + c - a) = sinc.sin(a + b + c)$

$ \implies$ $ cos(3b + 2c - a) - cos(a + b) = cos(a + b + 2c) - cos(b + a)$

$ \implies$ $ cos(3b + 2c - a) = cos(a + b + 2c)$ $ \implies$ $ a = b$

$ \implies$ $ \angle QPR = \angle RBQ = a$ ,so $ BQPR$ is concylic
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
exmath89
2572 posts
#4 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Solution
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
anantmudgal09
1979 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
From IMO SL 2005 G6, we know that the circles $(BPQ), (BA_1C_1),$ and $(BAC)$ are coaxial. Let $M_b, M_B$ be the midpoints of the arcs $A_1C_1$ and $AC$ in the respective circles and $D$ be the reflection of $H$ in $M$. Since $\angle HM_bB=\angle DM_BB=90^{\circ}$ we conclude $HM_b \parallel DM_B,$ so $$\frac{HR}{RD}=\frac{HM_b}{DM_B}=\cos A.$$From angle bisector theorem, we have $$\frac{A_1Q}{QC}=\frac{HA_1}{HC}=\cos A=\frac{C_1P}{PB},$$we conclude that $R \in \odot (BPQ)$ as desired.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
jayme
9775 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by bgn, Adventure10
Dear Mathlinkers,

see also

http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&t=204811

http://jl.ayme.pagesperso-orange.fr/Docs/Thailande%20ou%20Suisse.pdf

http://jl.ayme.pagesperso-orange.fr/Docs/un%20leitmotif.pdf

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
starchan
1603 posts
#7
Y by
cute little problem
solution
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
G
H
=
a