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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
inequality
xytunghoanh   5
N a minute ago by lbh_qys
For $a,b,c\ge 0$. Let $a+b+c=3$.
Prove or disprove
\[\sum ab +\sum ab^2 \le 6\]
5 replies
xytunghoanh
4 hours ago
lbh_qys
a minute ago
Interesting inequality of sequence
GeorgeRP   0
2 minutes ago
Source: Bulgaria IMO TST 2025 P2
Let $d\geq 2$ be an integer and $a_0,a_1,\ldots$ is a sequence of real numbers for which $a_0=a_1=\cdots=a_d=1$ and:
$$a_{k+1}\geq a_k-\frac{a_{k-d}}{4d}, \forall_{k\geq d}$$Prove that all elements of the sequence are positive.
0 replies
GeorgeRP
2 minutes ago
0 replies
Parallel lines in incircle configuration
GeorgeRP   0
3 minutes ago
Source: Bulgaria IMO TST 2025 P1
Let $I$ be the incenter of triangle $\triangle ABC$. Let $H_A$, $H_B$, and $H_C$ be the orthocenters of triangles $\triangle BCI$, $\triangle ACI$, and $\triangle ABI$, respectively. Prove that the lines through $H_A$, $H_B$, and $H_C$, parallel to $AI$, $BI$, and $CI$, respectively, are concurrent.
0 replies
GeorgeRP
3 minutes ago
0 replies
Expensive n-tuples
jlammy   28
N 14 minutes ago by Jupiterballs
Source: EGMO 2017 P5
Let $n\geq2$ be an integer. An $n$-tuple $(a_1,a_2,\dots,a_n)$ of not necessarily different positive integers is expensive if there exists a positive integer $k$ such that $$(a_1+a_2)(a_2+a_3)\dots(a_{n-1}+a_n)(a_n+a_1)=2^{2k-1}.$$a) Find all integers $n\geq2$ for which there exists an expensive $n$-tuple.

b) Prove that for every odd positive integer $m$ there exists an integer $n\geq2$ such that $m$ belongs to an expensive $n$-tuple.

There are exactly $n$ factors in the product on the left hand side.


28 replies
jlammy
Apr 9, 2017
Jupiterballs
14 minutes ago
No more topics!
collinearity eanted, line tangent to 3 incircles ABP, ACP, BCP related
parmenides51   5
N Apr 11, 2025 by leon.tyumen
Source: MGO p6 https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c594864h3379839p31486784
Let $P$ be a point inside $\vartriangle ABC$. It is known that there exists a line tangent to the incircles of $\vartriangle ABP$, $\vartriangle ACP$ and $\vartriangle BCP$. Prove that if $X$ is the intersection point of the common external tangents of a random pair of these incircles and Y is the intersection point of common external tangents of some other pair of these three incircles, then $XY$ passes through either $A$, $B$ or $C$.
5 replies
parmenides51
Sep 2, 2024
leon.tyumen
Apr 11, 2025
collinearity eanted, line tangent to 3 incircles ABP, ACP, BCP related
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G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: MGO p6 https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c594864h3379839p31486784
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parmenides51
30652 posts
#1 • 1 Y
Y by LuoJi
Let $P$ be a point inside $\vartriangle ABC$. It is known that there exists a line tangent to the incircles of $\vartriangle ABP$, $\vartriangle ACP$ and $\vartriangle BCP$. Prove that if $X$ is the intersection point of the common external tangents of a random pair of these incircles and Y is the intersection point of common external tangents of some other pair of these three incircles, then $XY$ passes through either $A$, $B$ or $C$.
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egxa
210 posts
#2 • 3 Y
Y by bin_sherlo, Anancibedih, ehuseyinyigit
bummppp please post the offical solution
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Matherer9654
59 posts
#3
Y by
Bump Can someone please send a solution
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Matherer9654
59 posts
#4
Y by
Bumppp can someone pls solve :(
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NT_G
45 posts
#5
Y by
Solution by Roman Prozorov:
Wlog the common tangent l is an external common tangent to incircles of $\vartriangle ABP$ and $\vartriangle ACP$ and is an internal tangent to other two pairs of incircles. The key observation is to use the following lemma: if three common tangents to three pairs of circles are concurrent then tree other common tangents which is symmetric to them wrt to corresponding lines through centers of corresponding circles are also concurrent.
Let D and E be intersections of AP with BC and l respectively. Then if we apply the lemma to incircles of of $\vartriangle ABP$, $\vartriangle BCP$ and $\vartriangle ABD$ we get that second tangent l′ from E to incircle of $\vartriangle BCP$ is also tangent to incircle of $\vartriangle ABD$, similarly it is tangent to incircle of $\vartriangle ACD$. Let l′ intersect BC at T, now T, A, X and T, A, Y are collinear by Monge, so done
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leon.tyumen
185 posts
#6
Y by
Here is the sketch of the proof. See drawing for points definition.

Lemma 1: If two triangles share the same inconic, then they share the same circumconic.
Proof: The Poncelet porism.

Lemma 2: Points $A$, $B$, $C$, $P$, $X$, $X_1$ and $X_2$ lie on the same conic.
Proof: Triangles $ABP$ and $XX_1X_2$ share the same incircle $\overset{\text{Lemma 1}}{\Longrightarrow}$ $B$ lies on the conic $(APXX_1X_2)$. Similarly, $C$ lies on it.

Lemma 3: The circle $\omega$ and the tangent $l$ are given. Let $\psi \neq id$ be the projective involution of $l$. For each pair $(X, X')$ of involution define point $Y$ by intersection of the second tangent lines from $X$ and $X'$ to $\omega$. Then all points $Y$ lie on a fixed line.
Proof: Polar transformation wrt $\omega$.

According to the DDIT for quadrilateral $BL'K'C$ there is the involution that swaps $(AA_1, AA_2)$, $(AB, AK')$ and $(AC, AL')$. After projecting on the common tangent one has the involution $\varphi$ that swaps $(A_1, A_2)$, $(K, K')$ and $(L, L')$. Lemma 2 and DIT for $ABCP$ imply that $\varphi$ swaps $(X_1, X_2)$. Similarly, it swaps $(Y_1, Y_2)$. Now the problem follows from lemma 3.
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