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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

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0 replies
1 viewing
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
2001-th sequence term less than 1001
orl   6
N 6 minutes ago by Bryan0224
Source: CWMO 2001, Problem 1
The sequence $ \{x_n\}$ satisfies $ x_1 = \frac {1}{2}, x_{n + 1} = x_n + \frac {x_n^2}{n^2}$. Prove that $ x_{2001} < 1001$.
6 replies
orl
Dec 27, 2008
Bryan0224
6 minutes ago
inequality involving GCD and square roots
gaussious   0
12 minutes ago
how to even approach this?
0 replies
gaussious
12 minutes ago
0 replies
Inequality, inequality, inequality...
Assassino9931   1
N 13 minutes ago by sqing
Source: Al-Khwarizmi Junior International Olympiad 2025 P6
Let $a,b,c$ be real numbers such that \[ab^2+bc^2+ca^2=6\sqrt{3}+ac^2+cb^2+ba^2.\]Find the smallest possible value of $a^2 + b^2 + c^2$.

Binh Luan and Nhan Xet, Vietnam
1 reply
2 viewing
Assassino9931
2 hours ago
sqing
13 minutes ago
a fractions problem
kjhgyuio   0
21 minutes ago
.........
0 replies
kjhgyuio
21 minutes ago
0 replies
Find smallest value of (x^2 + y^2 + z^2)/(xyz)
orl   9
N 21 minutes ago by Bryan0224
Source: CWMO 2001, Problem 4
Let $ x, y, z$ be real numbers such that $ x + y + z \geq xyz$. Find the smallest possible value of $ \frac {x^2 + y^2 + z^2}{xyz}$.
9 replies
orl
Dec 27, 2008
Bryan0224
21 minutes ago
algebraic inequality
produit   0
36 minutes ago
Positive a, b, c satisfy a + b + c = ab + bc + ca. Prove that
a + b + c + 1 ⩾ 4abc.
0 replies
produit
36 minutes ago
0 replies
pqr/uvw convert
Nguyenhuyen_AG   9
N 40 minutes ago by Rhapsodies_pro
Source: https://github.com/nguyenhuyenag/pqr_convert
Hi everyone,
As we know, the pqr/uvw method is a powerful and useful tool for proving inequalities. However, transforming an expression $f(a,b,c)$ into $f(p,q,r)$ or $f(u,v,w)$ can sometimes be quite complex. That's why I’ve written a program to assist with this process.
I hope you’ll find it helpful!

Download: pqr_convert

Screenshot:
IMAGE
IMAGE
9 replies
Nguyenhuyen_AG
Apr 19, 2025
Rhapsodies_pro
40 minutes ago
interesting functional
Pomegranat   0
an hour ago
Source: I don't know sorry
Find all functions \( f : \mathbb{R}^+ \to \mathbb{R}^+ \) such that for all positive real numbers \( x \) and \( y \), the following equation holds:
\[
\frac{x + f(y)}{x f(y)} = f\left( \frac{1}{y} + f\left( \frac{1}{x} \right) \right)
\]
0 replies
Pomegranat
an hour ago
0 replies
Brilliant guessing game on triples
Assassino9931   0
an hour ago
Source: Al-Khwarizmi Junior International Olympiad 2025 P8
There are $100$ cards on a table, flipped face down. Madina knows that on each card a single number is written and that the numbers are different integers from $1$ to $100$. In a move, Madina is allowed to choose any $3$ cards, and she is told a number that is written on one of the chosen cards, but not which specific card it is on. After several moves, Madina must determine the written numbers on as many cards as possible. What is the maximum number of cards Madina can ensure to determine?

Shubin Yakov, Russia
0 replies
Assassino9931
an hour ago
0 replies
Sequence
Titibuuu   2
N an hour ago by Tkn
Let \( a_1 = a \), and for all \( n \geq 1 \), define the sequence \( \{a_n\} \) by the recurrence
\[
a_{n+1} = a_n^2 + 1
\]Prove that there is no natural number \( n \) such that
\[
\prod_{k=1}^{n} \left( a_k^2 + a_k + 1 \right)
\]is a perfect square.
2 replies
Titibuuu
Today at 2:22 AM
Tkn
an hour ago
Combinatorics
imnotgoodatmathsorry   0
2 hours ago
Source: By @irregular22104
Given two positive integers $a,b$ written on the board. We apply the following rule: At each step, we will add all the numbers that are the sum of the two numbers on the board so that the sum does not appear on the board. For example, if the two initial numbers are $2,5$; then the numbers on the board after step 1 are $2,5,7$; after step 2 are $2,5,7,9,12;...$
1) With $a = 3$; $b = 12$, prove that the number 2024 cannot appear on the board.
2) With $a = 2$; $b = 34$, prove that the number 2024 can appear on the board.
0 replies
imnotgoodatmathsorry
2 hours ago
0 replies
Iranian geometry configuration
Assassino9931   0
2 hours ago
Source: Al-Khwarizmi Junior International Olympiad 2025 P7
Let $ABCD$ be a cyclic quadrilateral with circumcenter $O$, such that $CD$ is not a diameter of its circumcircle. The lines $AD$ and $BC$ intersect at point $P$, so that $A$ lies between $D$ and $P$, and $B$ lies between $C$ and $P$. Suppose triangle $PCD$ is acute and let $H$ be its orthocenter. The points $E$ and $F$ on the lines $BC$ and $AD$, respectively, are such that $BD \parallel HE$ and $AC\parallel HF$. The line through $E$, perpendicular to $BC$, intersects $AD$ at $L$, and the line through $F$, perpendicular to $AD$, intersects $BC$ at $K$. Prove that the points $K$, $L$, $O$ are collinear.

Amir Parsa Hosseini Nayeri, Iran
0 replies
Assassino9931
2 hours ago
0 replies
Prime sums of pairs
Assassino9931   0
2 hours ago
Source: Al-Khwarizmi Junior International Olympiad 2025 P5
Sevara writes in red $8$ distinct positive integers and then writes in blue the $28$ sums of each two red numbers. At most how many of the blue numbers can be prime?

Marin Hristov, Bulgaria
0 replies
Assassino9931
2 hours ago
0 replies
help me solve this problem. Thanks
tnhan.129   0
2 hours ago
Find f:R+ -> R such that:
(x+1/x).f(y) = f(xy) + f(y/x)
0 replies
tnhan.129
2 hours ago
0 replies
Internally tangent with the circumscribed circle
orl   23
N Dec 27, 2023 by shendrew7
Source: IMO LongList, USA 1, IMO 1978, Day 2, Problem 4
In a triangle $ABC$ we have $AB = AC.$ A circle which is internally tangent with the circumscribed circle of the triangle is also tangent to the sides $AB, AC$ in the points $P,$ respectively $Q.$ Prove that the midpoint of $PQ$ is the center of the inscribed circle of the triangle $ABC.$
23 replies
orl
Nov 12, 2005
shendrew7
Dec 27, 2023
Internally tangent with the circumscribed circle
G H J
Source: IMO LongList, USA 1, IMO 1978, Day 2, Problem 4
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orl
3647 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247, Rounak_iitr
In a triangle $ABC$ we have $AB = AC.$ A circle which is internally tangent with the circumscribed circle of the triangle is also tangent to the sides $AB, AC$ in the points $P,$ respectively $Q.$ Prove that the midpoint of $PQ$ is the center of the inscribed circle of the triangle $ABC.$
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yetti
2643 posts
#2 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Denote a = BC, b = AB = AC the triangle sides, r, R the triangle inradius and circumradius and s, $\triangle$ the triangle semiperimeter and area. Let S, T be the tangency points of the incircle (I) with the sides AB, AC. Let K, L be the midpoints of of BC, PQ and M the midpoint of the arc BC of the circumcircle (O) opposite to the vertex A. The isosceles triangles $\triangle AST \sim \triangle APQ \sim \triangle ABC$ are all centrally similar with the homothety center A. The homothety coefficient for the triangles $\triangle AST \sim \triangle ABC$ is $h_{13} = \frac{AS}{AB} = \frac{s - a}{b}$. The homothety coefficient for the triangles $\triangle AST \sim \triangle APQ$ is $h_{12} = \frac{AS}{AP}$. The point K is the tangency point of the incircle (I) with the side BC, while the point M is the tangency point of the given circle with the triangle circumcircle (O). It follows that the triangles $\triangle ASK \sim \triangle APM$ are also centrally similar with the homothety center A and the same homothety coefficient as the triangles $\triangle AST \sim \triangle APQ$: $h_{12} = \frac{AS}{AP} = \frac{AK}{AM} = \frac{h}{2R}$, where h = AK is the A-altitude of the triangle $\triangle ABC$. The homothety coefficient of the triangles $\triangle APQ \sim \triangle ABC$ is then $h_{23} = \frac{h_{12}}{h_{13}} = \frac{s - a}{b} \cdot \frac{2R}{h}$ Denote h' = AL the A-altitude of the triangle $\triangle APQ$. Then

$\frac{h'}{h} = h_{23} = \frac{s - a}{b} \cdot \frac{2R}{h}$

$KL = h - h' = h - 2R\ \frac{s - a}{b}$

Substituting $h = \frac{2 \triangle}{a}$, $2R = \frac{ab^2}{2 \triangle}$ and $s - a = \frac{\triangle^2}{s(s - b)^2}$, we get

$KL = \frac{2 \triangle}{a} - \frac{ab^2}{2 \triangle} \cdot \frac{\triangle^2}{bs(s - b)^2} =$

(substituting 2s = 2b + a and $s - b = \frac a 2$ for an isosceles triangle)

$= \frac{\triangle}{s}\left(\frac{2s}{a} - \frac{ab}{2(s - b)^2}\right) = \frac{\triangle}{s} \left(\frac{2b}{a} + 1 - \frac{2b}{a}\right) = \frac{\triangle}{s} = r$

which means that the point $L \equiv I$ is identical with the incenter of the triangle $\triangle ABC$.
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Virgil Nicula
7054 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Adventure10
I note: the circumcircle $C(O,R)$, the incircle $C(I,r)$ and the circle $w=C(I_1,r_1)$ interior tangent to the circumcircle in the point $T$ and tangent to the sides $AB,AC$ in the points $P,Q$ respectively. From the a wellknown property, the points $U\in CI\cap TP$, $V\in BI\cap TQ$ belong to the circumcircle. Thus, the quadrilaterals $AUPI$, $AVQI$ are cyclic and
$UA\perp UT$, $VA\perp VT\Longrightarrow PI\perp AI,\ QI\perp AI\Longrightarrow I\in PQ$.

Remark. The property $I\in PQ$ is true in any triangle $ABC$. See
http://www.mathlinks.ro/Forum/viewtopic.php?t=46418
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Virgil Nicula
7054 posts
#4 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
A generalization of this problem: "The circle $w=C(I_1,r_1)$ is internally tangent (in the point $T$) with the circumcircle of the triangle $ABC$ and is also tangent to the sides $[AB],[AC]$ in the points $P,Q$. Prove that the incenter $I$ of the triangle $ABC$ belongs to the segment $[PQ]$ and $AP=\frac{bc}{s},\ \ \frac{r_1}{r}=\frac{bc}{s(s-a)}.$

My solution. From a wellknown property, the points $M\in BI\cap TQ$, $N\in CI\cap TP$ belong to the circumcircle of the triangle $ABC$. From the Pascal's theorem applied to the inscribed hexagon $BACNTM$ results that the points $P\in BA\cap NT$, $Q\in AC\cap TM$, $I\in CN\cap MB$ are collineary, i.e. $I\in PQ$ (The other mentioned relations are easily solved).
See http://www.mathlinks.ro/Forum/viewtopic.php?t=46418
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Erken
1363 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
A well-known consequence of the Pascal theorem.
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feliz
290 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Hm... Can you give more details, Erken?
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Erken
1363 posts
#7 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
See Virgil Nicula's post above.
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ElChapin
486 posts
#8 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
there is yet another proof of the generalization were you construc the circumference and then prove it is unique and that the theorem holds, it is not hard but I am to lazy to write it now I'll just write the beggining





Click to reveal hidden text


:)
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xeroxia
1135 posts
#9 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let $ R$ be the tangency of circles and $ S$ be the center of inner circle. $ \angle PSA = 2k$ and $ \angle PRS = k$. $ \angle ABR = 90$. The circumcenter and $ S$ lie on $ AR$. $ AR \perp PQ$ at $ M$ and $ AR \perp BC$ at $ N$ . $ PMRB$ is cyclic. $ \angle PBM = \angle PRS = k$. $ PBNS$ is cyclic. $ \angle PBN = \angle PSA = 2k$. So $ \angle MBN = k$. $ BM$ is angle bisector.
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jayme
9792 posts
#10 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Dear Mathlinkers,
for an extension of the initial problem, see

http://perso.orange.fr/jl.ayme/ vol. 4 A new mixtilinear incircle adventure I.

Sincerely
jean-Louis
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Mithril
28 posts
#11 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Virgil Nicula wrote:
A generalization of this problem: "The circle $ w = C(I_1,r_1)$ is internally tangent (in the point $ T$) with the circumcircle of the triangle $ ABC$ and is also tangent to the sides $ [AB],[AC]$ in the points $ P,Q$. Prove that the incenter $ I$ of the triangle $ ABC$ belongs to the segment $ [PQ]$

Let $ B'$ and $ C'$ be points in $ AC$ and $ AB$, respectively, such that $ AB = AB'$ and $ AC = AC'$. Let $ I_a$ be the center of the excircle of $ ABC$ tangent to $ AB$ and $ AC$ at $ D$ and $ E$ respectively ($ I_a$ lies in the bisector of $ \angle A$). We will show that the midpoint $ M$ of $ PQ$ is $ I$.

Consider the inversion with center $ A$ and radius $ AB \times AC$. It maps $ B$ and $ C$ into $ C'$ and $ B'$ respectively. Then, the circumcircle of $ ABC$ becomes line $ B'C'$. Therefore, $ w$ is mapped into a circle tangent to a circle tangent to $ AB$, $ AC$ and $ B'C'$.

Notice $ B'C'$ is tangent to both the incircle and $ (I_a)$ (because it is the reflection of $ BC$ over the bisector of $ \angle A$). Then $ w$ becomes $ (I_a)$ (it is easy to see that it cannot be the inverse of the incircle).


Now, if we call $ M'$ the inverse of $ M$, we have $ \angle ADM' = \angle AMP = 90^o$. As $ M'$ is on the bisector of $ \angle A$, we get that $ M' = I_a$. This implies that $ AM \times AI_a = AB \times BC$.

We will show that $ AI \times AI_a = AB \times BC$. Consider the circle $ K$ of diameter $ II_a$. It is known that $ \angle ICI_a = \angle IBI_a = 90^o$. Then both $ B$ and $ C$ belong to $ K$. By simmetry, we also get that $ B'$ and $ C'$ are in $ K$.

Then, we know that $ AI \times AI_a$ is the power of $ A$ with respect to $ K$. Then $ AI \times AI_a = AB \times AC' = AB \times AC$. As we knew that $ AM \times AI_a = AB \times AC$, this implies that $ I = M$ (because both points are on the bisector of $ \angle A$, inside $ ABC$), then $ I \in PQ$, as we wanted to prove.

Virgil Nicula wrote:
$ AP = \frac {bc}{s},\ \ \frac {r_1}{r} = \frac {bc}{s(s - a)}.$

The first equality follows, because $ D$ is the inverse of $ P$ and $ AD = s$ is known.

For the second one, an homotethy with center in $ A$ and ratio $ \frac {AP}{s-a}$ maps the incircle into $ w$. The ratio must be equal to $ \frac {r_1}r$ and the result follows using the first equality.
Attachments:
P61021.pdf (27kb)
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SnowEverywhere
801 posts
#12 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let $\Gamma$ denote the circumcircle of $ABC$ and $\Omega$ denote the internally tangent circle through $P$ and $Q$. Let $M$ denote the point of tangency between $\Gamma$ and $\Omega$, $I$ denote the midpoint of $PQ$ and let $O$ denote the center of $\Omega$. Let $\angle{ABC}=a$.

First note that $A$, $M$, $I$ and $O$ are collinear and the entire figure is symmetrical around line $AM$. Therefore $I$ lies on the angle bisector of $\angle{BAC}$. We now have that $\angle{POQ}=180-\angle{BAC}=2a$. Hence we have that $\angle{PMQ}=a$ and by symmetry, $\angle{PMI}=a/2$.

Now note that $\angle{PIM}=\angle{PBM}=90$. Hence $PIMB$ is cyclic. Therefore $\angle{PBI}=\angle{PMI}=a/2$. Hence $I$ is also on the angle bisector of $\angle{ABC}$ and $I$ is the incenter of the triangle.
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sunken rock
4393 posts
#13 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
The 'standard' proof uses Casey's for the 'circles' $A, \;B, \;C$ and $\Omega$, all internally tangent to $\Gamma$, followed by the reciprocal of the Transversal Theorem (Cristea's).

Best regards,
sunken rock
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Altheman
6194 posts
#14 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Could you explain what you mean in detail? I do not know what Cristea's theorem is... and how casey's theorem is used here (i.e. what selection of +/- do we use).
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sunken rock
4393 posts
#15 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
To Altheman:

For Cristea's theorem see here:
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=47&t=323170&p=1741338&hilit=cristea#p1741338

Regarding the use of Casey's:
We have the 'circles' $A,B, \Omega, C$, all internally tangent to $\Gamma$, hence the following equality holds: $AP\cdot BC=AB\cdot CQ+AC\cdot BP$ $(\;1\; )$. If $BC=a$, etc, $a+b+c=2s$ and $AP=AQ=m$, from $(1)$ we get $a\cdot m=c(b-m)+b(c-m)$, or $m=\frac{bc}{s}$ $(\; 2 \;)$

If $\{ D  \} \equiv AI \cap BC$, then: $\frac{DI}{AI}=\frac{a}{b+c} \; ( \; 3 \; )$, $CD=\frac{ab}{b+c} \; ( \; 4 \; )$ and $BD=\frac{ac}{b+c} \; ( \; 5 \; )$.

Next, as per Cristea's, we have to prove:
$CD\cdot \frac{BP}{PA}+BD\cdot \frac{CQ}{AQ}=BC\cdot \frac{DI}{AI}$ and, with the relations 2-5:
$\frac{ab}{b+c} \cdot \frac{c-\frac{bc}{s}}{\frac{bc}{s}}+\frac{ac}{b+c}\cdot \frac{b-\frac{bc}{s}}{\frac{bc}{s}}=a \cdot \frac{a}{b+c}$, or $2s-b-c=a$, which is true.

Best regards,
sunken rock
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spikerboy
83 posts
#16 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
This solution is motivated from snowEverywhere.
Let do as usual notations midpoint of $PQ$ be $I.$ and let the angle bisector of $\angle A$ hits the $\odot ABC$
at $M$.note that $MA$ contains $I$.If you rotate the figure about $A$ with angle $90^{\circ}$ then $C \mapsto B$.so by the symmetry we can say that $AM$ is the diameter of the $\odot ABC$.
our motive is to show that, $P,I,M,B$ is cyclic.$M$ is the midpoint of the arc $PMQ \implies$ $PM$ bisects $\angle BPQ$.From above we can infer $\angle ABM =90^{\circ}$ and $\angle PIM =90^{\circ}$.so concyclic proved. it implies that, $\angle IBM =\angle IPM$ and $\angle MPB=\angle BIM \implies \angle IBM =\angle BIM \implies MI=MB$ so it follows that $I$ is the incenter.
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aayush-srivastava
137 posts
#18 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Let $O$ be the center of the circle. Let the circle be tangent to the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $D$. Let $I $be the midpoint of $PQ$. Then $A, I, O, D$ are
collinear by symmetry. Consider the $homothety$ with center $A$ that sends $ABC$ to $AB’C’$ such that$ D$ is on $B’C’$. Thus, $k=AB’/AB$. As right triangles $AIP, ADB’, ABD, APO$ are similar, we have $AI /AO = (AI / AP)(AP / AO) = (AD /AB’)(AB /AD) = AB/AB’=1/k$.Hence the homothety sends $I$ to $O$.
Then $O$ being the incenter of $AB’C’$
implies$ I$ is the incenter of $ABC$.
QED :D
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anantmudgal09
1980 posts
#19 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
This is true in general.

Use $\sqrt[2]{bc} $ inversion. The mixitilinear Incircle becomes the excircle and the incenter the excenter.

Now, it's trivial thereafter.

Sorry, if this is resembling some previously posted solution.
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viperstrike
1198 posts
#20 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
By incenter/excenter lemma, it suffices to show $JM=JB$. Let $\angle MOP=2x$. Then $\angle MJP=x$ and $\angle JAB=90-2x \to \angle BAJ=2x$. Thus $\angle BJP=\angle MJP$. Since $\angle JBP=\angle JMP=90$, $BPMJ$ is a kite, done.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by viperstrike, Mar 22, 2016, 2:24 AM
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wasikgcrushedbi
52 posts
#21
Y by
$\text{Midpoint of}$ $PQ=M$; $\text{line parallel to BC through}$ $I \cap AB=S$; $\text{line parallel to BC through}$ $I \cap AC=R$
Its apparent that $\triangle ASI \cong \triangle ARI \implies \angle AIS=90$ but $\angle AMP=90$ too and $PQ||SR$ so a contradiction thus $M=I$ (hopefully not a wrong solution)
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howcanicreateacccount
13 posts
#22
Y by
Is not this true for all triangles? how AB=AC is used?
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EpicBird08
1751 posts
#23 • 1 Y
Y by howcanicreateacccount
howcanicreateacccount wrote:
Is not this true for all triangles? how AB=AC is used?

yeah it is true for all triangles. It is something called Mixtillinear Incircles. See Evan Chen's handout on it (or EGMO chapter 4).
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HamstPan38825
8862 posts
#24 • 1 Y
Y by centslordm
This fact is actually true for all triangles.

First I claim $I$ actually lies on $\overline{PQ}$. Consider a $\sqrt{bc}$-inversion which swaps this circle $\omega$ with the $A$-excircle. The conclusion is equivalent to showing $E, F, A, I_A$ cyclic, where $E, F$ are the excentral touchpoints, which is obvious.

Now $AK=AL$ which implies the result.
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shendrew7
795 posts
#25
Y by
Label the touch points to $AB$, $AC$, and $(ABC)$ as $K$, $L$, and $T$, and the midpoints of arcs $AB$ and $AC$ as $X$ and $Y$.

Homothety tells us $TKX$ and $TLY$ collinear. Pascal on $BACXTY$ then tells us that $KIL$ collinear, and noting $\triangle AKI \cong \triangle ALI$ implies $IK = IL$. $\blacksquare$
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