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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
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[*]May 20th, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 1 Math Jam, Problems 1 to 4, join the Canada/USA Mathcamp staff for this exciting Math Jam, where they discuss solutions to Problems 1 to 4 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz!
[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
IMO Shortlist 2010 - Problem G1
Amir Hossein   132
N 4 minutes ago by John_Mgr
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $D, E, F$ the feet of the altitudes lying on $BC, CA, AB$ respectively. One of the intersection points of the line $EF$ and the circumcircle is $P.$ The lines $BP$ and $DF$ meet at point $Q.$ Prove that $AP = AQ.$

Proposed by Christopher Bradley, United Kingdom
132 replies
Amir Hossein
Jul 17, 2011
John_Mgr
4 minutes ago
A number theory problem
super1978   0
32 minutes ago
Source: Somewhere
Let $a,b,n$ be positive integers such that $\sqrt[n]{a}+\sqrt[n]{b}$ is an integer. Prove that $a,b$ are both the $n$th power of $2$ positive integers.
0 replies
1 viewing
super1978
32 minutes ago
0 replies
A bit tricky invariant with 98 numbers on the board.
Nuran2010   3
N 40 minutes ago by Nuran2010
Source: Azerbaijan Al-Khwarizmi IJMO TST 2025
The numbers $\frac{50}{1},\frac{50}{2},...\frac{50}{97},\frac{50}{98}$ are written on the board.In each step,two random numbers $a$ and $b$ are chosen and deleted.Then,the number $2ab-a-b+1$ is written instead.What will be the number remained on the board after the last step.
3 replies
Nuran2010
5 hours ago
Nuran2010
40 minutes ago
A irreducible polynomial
super1978   0
42 minutes ago
Source: Somewhere
Let $f(x)=a_{n}x^n+a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+...+a_{1}x+a_0$ such that $|a_0|$ is a prime number and $|a_0|\geq|a_n|+|a_{n-1}|+...+|a_1|$. Prove that $f(x)$ is irreducible over $\mathbb{Z}[x]$.
0 replies
super1978
42 minutes ago
0 replies
(2^n + 1)/n^2 is an integer (IMO 1990 Problem 3)
orl   107
N an hour ago by Rayvhs
Source: IMO 1990, Day 1, Problem 3, IMO ShortList 1990, Problem 23 (ROM 5)
Determine all integers $ n > 1$ such that
\[ \frac {2^n + 1}{n^2}
\]is an integer.
107 replies
orl
Nov 11, 2005
Rayvhs
an hour ago
n + k are composites for all nice numbers n, when n+1, 8n+1 both squares
parmenides51   2
N an hour ago by Assassino9931
Source: 2022 Saudi Arabia JBMO TST 1.1
The positive $n > 3$ called ‘nice’ if and only if $n +1$ and $8n + 1$ are both perfect squares. How many positive integers $k \le 15$ such that $4n + k$ are composites for all nice numbers $n$?
2 replies
parmenides51
Nov 3, 2022
Assassino9931
an hour ago
Functional inequality condition
WakeUp   3
N an hour ago by AshAuktober
Source: Italy TST 1995
A function $f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ satisfies the conditions
\[\begin{cases}f(x+24)\le f(x)+24\\ f(x+77)\ge f(x)+77\end{cases}\quad\text{for all}\ x\in\mathbb{R}\]
Prove that $f(x+1)=f(x)+1$ for all real $x$.
3 replies
WakeUp
Nov 22, 2010
AshAuktober
an hour ago
Asymmetric FE
sman96   16
N an hour ago by jasperE3
Source: BdMO 2025 Higher Secondary P8
Find all functions $f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ such that$$f(xf(y)-y) + f(xy-x) + f(x+y) = 2xy$$for all $x, y \in \mathbb{R}$.
16 replies
sman96
Feb 8, 2025
jasperE3
an hour ago
Existence of a rational arithmetic sequence
brianchung11   28
N an hour ago by cursed_tangent1434
Source: APMO 2009 Q.4
Prove that for any positive integer $ k$, there exists an arithmetic sequence $ \frac{a_1}{b_1}, \frac{a_2}{b_2}, \frac{a_3}{b_3}, ... ,\frac{a_k}{b_k}$ of rational numbers, where $ a_i, b_i$ are relatively prime positive integers for each $ i = 1,2,...,k$ such that the positive integers $ a_1, b_1, a_2, b_2, ...,  a_k, b_k$ are all distinct.
28 replies
brianchung11
Mar 13, 2009
cursed_tangent1434
an hour ago
NT from EGMO 2018
BarishNamazov   39
N an hour ago by cursed_tangent1434
Source: EGMO 2018 P2
Consider the set
\[A = \left\{1+\frac{1}{k} : k=1,2,3,4,\cdots \right\}.\]
[list=a]
[*]Prove that every integer $x \geq 2$ can be written as the product of one or more elements of $A$, which are not necessarily different.

[*]For every integer $x \geq 2$ let $f(x)$ denote the minimum integer such that $x$ can be written as the
product of $f(x)$ elements of $A$, which are not necessarily different.
Prove that there exist infinitely many pairs $(x,y)$ of integers with $x\geq 2$, $y \geq 2$, and \[f(xy)<f(x)+f(y).\](Pairs $(x_1,y_1)$ and $(x_2,y_2)$ are different if $x_1 \neq x_2$ or $y_1 \neq y_2$).
[/list]
39 replies
1 viewing
BarishNamazov
Apr 11, 2018
cursed_tangent1434
an hour ago
ISI UGB 2025 P6
SomeonecoolLovesMaths   2
N an hour ago by Mathgloggers
Source: ISI UGB 2025 P6
Let $\mathbb{N}$ denote the set of natural numbers, and let $\left( a_i, b_i \right)$, $1 \leq i \leq 9$, be nine distinct tuples in $\mathbb{N} \times \mathbb{N}$. Show that there are three distinct elements in the set $\{ 2^{a_i} 3^{b_i} \colon 1 \leq i \leq 9 \}$ whose product is a perfect cube.
2 replies
1 viewing
SomeonecoolLovesMaths
6 hours ago
Mathgloggers
an hour ago
ISI UGB 2025 P2
SomeonecoolLovesMaths   2
N an hour ago by SomeonecoolLovesMaths
Source: ISI UGB 2025 P2
If the interior angles of a triangle $ABC$ satisfy the equality, $$\sin ^2 A + \sin ^2 B + \sin^2  C = 2 \left( \cos ^2 A + \cos ^2 B + \cos ^2 C \right),$$prove that the triangle must have a right angle.
2 replies
SomeonecoolLovesMaths
6 hours ago
SomeonecoolLovesMaths
an hour ago
angle chasing in RMO, cyclic ABCD, 2 circumcircles, incenter, right wanted
parmenides51   5
N an hour ago by Krishijivi
Source: CRMO 2015 region 1 p1
In a cyclic quadrilateral $ABCD$, let the diagonals $AC$ and $BD$ intersect at $X$. Let the circumcircles of triangles $AXD$ and $BXC$ intersect again at $Y$ . If $X$ is the incentre of triangle $ABY$ , show that $\angle CAD = 90^o$.
5 replies
parmenides51
Sep 30, 2018
Krishijivi
an hour ago
Short combi omg
Davdav1232   6
N an hour ago by DeathIsAwe
Source: Israel TST 2025 test 4 p3
Let \( n \) be a positive integer. A graph on \( 2n - 1 \) vertices is given such that the size of the largest clique in the graph is \( n \). Prove that there exists a vertex that is present in every clique of size \( n\)
6 replies
Davdav1232
Feb 3, 2025
DeathIsAwe
an hour ago
Geometry with orthocenter config
thdnder   6
N May 4, 2025 by ohhh
Source: Own
Let $ABC$ be a triangle, and let $AD, BE, CF$ be its altitudes. Let $H$ be its orthocenter, and let $O_B$ and $O_C$ be the circumcenters of triangles $AHC$ and $AHB$. Let $G$ be the second intersection of the circumcircles of triangles $FDO_B$ and $EDO_C$. Prove that the lines $DG$, $EF$, and $A$-median of $\triangle ABC$ are concurrent.
6 replies
thdnder
Apr 29, 2025
ohhh
May 4, 2025
Geometry with orthocenter config
G H J
Source: Own
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thdnder
198 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by Akacool, IMUKAT, ohhh
Let $ABC$ be a triangle, and let $AD, BE, CF$ be its altitudes. Let $H$ be its orthocenter, and let $O_B$ and $O_C$ be the circumcenters of triangles $AHC$ and $AHB$. Let $G$ be the second intersection of the circumcircles of triangles $FDO_B$ and $EDO_C$. Prove that the lines $DG$, $EF$, and $A$-median of $\triangle ABC$ are concurrent.
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thdnder
198 posts
#2 • 1 Y
Y by ohhh
Bumping this!
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thdnder
198 posts
#3 • 1 Y
Y by ohhh
Anyone??
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by thdnder, May 1, 2025, 7:18 AM
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moony_
22 posts
#4 • 1 Y
Y by ohhh
thdnder wrote:
Is anyone solved?

I'm completely solved... >_<
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ohhh
48 posts
#5 • 3 Y
Y by IMUKAT, thdnder, Onetho
hello, here is a LONG synthetic solution (my compass is broken so I had to draw the circles by hand), nice problem

https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/j8zns2jjp5ev3ffp1ghi9/Tralalero-Tralala.pdf?rlkey=w1ebauraed0f416bion4a41y3&st=19a9ed7r&dl=0
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thdnder
198 posts
#6
Y by
ohhh wrote:
hello, here is a LONG synthetic solution (my compass is broken so I had to draw the circles by hand), nice problem

https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/j8zns2jjp5ev3ffp1ghi9/Tralalero-Tralala.pdf?rlkey=w1ebauraed0f416bion4a41y3&st=19a9ed7r&dl=0

An absolutely insane solution. How do you come up with a solution like this? I feel like it's impossible for me to solve this problem. Would you mind sharing your motivation or thought process?
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ohhh
48 posts
#7 • 1 Y
Y by thdnder
thdnder wrote:
ohhh wrote:
hello, here is a LONG synthetic solution (my compass is broken so I had to draw the circles by hand), nice problem

https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/j8zns2jjp5ev3ffp1ghi9/Tralalero-Tralala.pdf?rlkey=w1ebauraed0f416bion4a41y3&st=19a9ed7r&dl=0

An absolutely insane solution. How do you come up with a solution like this? I feel like it's impossible for me to solve this problem. Would you mind sharing your motivation or thought process?



I used geogebra heavily, but the detailed motivation (or at least the actual order I came up with the steps) was:

i) We want to prove that the radical axis of circles is $DD'$, where $D' = AM \cap EF$, so it makes sense to take other points on this line $DD'$. An obvious one is the second intersection $T$ of $DD'$ with the nine-point circle. (draw a figure in ggb to understand)

Unfortunately $T$ doesn't help much, but interestingly after drawing some circles we see that $X = EF \cap BC$ belongs to $(ATD)$ (which I don't even use in the solution, but it's what gives us the initial path to simplify the problem).

ii) This is interesting because the problem becomes proving that the radical axes of:

$(ATDX)$, $(N_9)$ and $(DEO_b)$, $(DFO_c)$ coincide, but the centers of the first two don't seem too bad to work with,

the center of $(ATDX)$ is the midpoint of $AX$ and the center of $(N_9)$ is $N_9$. But $N_9$ is the midpoint of $AO_a$! So this begs for a homothety by $A$ with ratio $2$, and the problem would become:

Prove that $XO_a$ is perpendicular to the radical axis $DG$. $(1)$

Okay, we've seen a lot of things and a synthetic solution still seems impossible.

iii) Does it really? Taking the intersection $V$ of $DG$ with $O_aX$ unpretentiously, we see that if $(1)$ were in fact true, then by power of a point $V$ would be in $(EFO_a)$! Since we would have $XE \cdot XF = XD \cdot XM = XV \cdot XO_a$.

So in this we find points that "have" to be in the circles of the problem, from which comes lemma $5$ and the projections that I take in lemma $6$. (From $D$ on the line $O_aX$, $E$ on the line $O_bY$ and $F$ on the line $O_cZ$)

Then the next logical point to take is the second intersection of $VG$ with the circle $(EFO_a)$, and from here comes the claim of lemma $4$, i.e., that this antipode $A_1$ of $O_a$ is in $AO$.

iv) Assuming everything true, after that I realized that it was iff the cyclicity that I prove at the end of the pdf ($RUB_1C_1$ cyclic), which by Reim reduces to proving lemmas $3$ and $6$.

And here the problem was basically over, after working backwards we concluded that it was enough to prove these $7$ almost disjoint lemmas, that is, solve $7$ easier problems (They are easier than the original at least, but I still think some of them are hard)

note:

I explained where lemmas $3$, $4$, $5$ and $6$ come from, and the rest arise by working backwards again, but now in these four lemmas:

Lemma $6$ $\iff$ Lemma $7$

Lemma $3$ $\iff$ Lemma $2$ and Lemma $1$
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