Art of Problem Solving
AoPS Online AoPS Online
Math texts, online classes, and more
for students in grades 5-12.
Visit AoPS Online ‚
Books for Grades 5-12 Online Courses
Beast Academy Beast Academy
Engaging math books and online learning
for students ages 6-13.
Visit Beast Academy ‚
Books for Ages 6-13 Beast Academy Online
AoPS Academy AoPS Academy
Small live classes for advanced math
and language arts learners in grades 1-12.
Visit AoPS Academy ‚
Find a Physical Campus Visit the Virtual Campus

Stay ahead of learning milestones! Enroll in a class over the summer!
No tags match your search
M
G
Topic
First Poster
Last Poster
H
k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

WOOT early bird pricing is in effect, don’t miss out! If you took MathWOOT Level 2 last year, no worries, it is all new problems this year! Our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training program is for high school level competitors. AoPS designed these courses to help our top students get the deep focus they need to succeed in their specific competition goals. Check out the details at this link for all our WOOT programs in math, computer science, chemistry, and physics.

Looking for summer camps in math and language arts? Be sure to check out the video-based summer camps offered at the Virtual Campus that are 2- to 4-weeks in duration. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following events:
[list][*]April 3rd (Webinar), 4pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learning with AoPS: Perspectives from a Parent, Math Camp Instructor, and University Professor
[*]April 8th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MATHCOUNTS State Discussion
April 9th (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learn about Video-based Summer Camps at the Virtual Campus
[*]April 10th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MathILy and MathILy-Er Math Jam: Multibackwards Numbers
[*]April 22nd (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Competitive Programming at AoPS (USACO).[/list]
Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
All classes run 7:30pm-8:45pm ET/4:30pm - 5:45pm PT unless otherwise noted.

Introductory: Grades 5-10

Prealgebra 1 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 1
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 13 - Aug 26
Thursday, May 29 - Sep 11
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Monday, Jun 30 - Oct 20
Wednesday, Jul 16 - Oct 29

Prealgebra 2 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 2
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Wednesday, May 7 - Aug 20
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 29 - Oct 26
Friday, Jul 25 - Nov 21

Introduction to Algebra A Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra A
Monday, Apr 7 - Jul 28
Sunday, May 11 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Wednesday, May 14 - Aug 27
Friday, May 30 - Sep 26
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Thursday, Jun 26 - Oct 9
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Oct 28

Introduction to Counting & Probability Self-Paced

Introduction to Counting & Probability
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Thursday, May 15 - Jul 31
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Wednesday, Jul 9 - Sep 24
Sunday, Jul 27 - Oct 19

Introduction to Number Theory
Thursday, Apr 17 - Jul 3
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Monday, Jun 9 - Aug 25
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Sep 30

Introduction to Algebra B Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra B
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 30
Tuesday, May 6 - Aug 19
Wednesday, Jun 4 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Oct 19
Friday, Jul 18 - Nov 14

Introduction to Geometry
Wednesday, Apr 23 - Oct 1
Sunday, May 11 - Nov 9
Tuesday, May 20 - Oct 28
Monday, Jun 16 - Dec 8
Friday, Jun 20 - Jan 9
Sunday, Jun 29 - Jan 11
Monday, Jul 14 - Jan 19

Intermediate: Grades 8-12

Intermediate Algebra
Monday, Apr 21 - Oct 13
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 23
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Nov 18
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 10
Sunday, Jul 13 - Jan 18
Thursday, Jul 24 - Jan 22

Intermediate Counting & Probability
Wednesday, May 21 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Nov 2

Intermediate Number Theory
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Wednesday, Jun 18 - Sep 3

Precalculus
Wednesday, Apr 9 - Sep 3
Friday, May 16 - Oct 24
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 9
Monday, Jun 30 - Dec 8

Advanced: Grades 9-12

Olympiad Geometry
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Aug 26

Calculus
Tuesday, May 27 - Nov 11
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 17

Group Theory
Thursday, Jun 12 - Sep 11

Contest Preparation: Grades 6-12

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Friday, May 23 - Aug 15
Monday, Jun 2 - Aug 18
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, May 11 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Problem Series
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Final Fives
Sunday, May 11 - Jun 8
Tuesday, May 27 - Jun 17
Monday, Jun 30 - Jul 21

AMC 12 Problem Series
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Wednesday, Aug 6 - Oct 22

AMC 12 Final Fives
Sunday, May 18 - Jun 15

F=ma Problem Series
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27

WOOT Programs
Visit the pages linked for full schedule details for each of these programs!

MathWOOT Level 1
MathWOOT Level 2
ChemWOOT
CodeWOOT
PhysicsWOOT

Programming

Introduction to Programming with Python
Thursday, May 22 - Aug 7
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

Intermediate Programming with Python
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

USACO Bronze Problem Series
Tuesday, May 13 - Jul 29
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 1

Physics

Introduction to Physics
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15

Physics 1: Mechanics
Thursday, May 22 - Oct 30
Monday, Jun 23 - Dec 15

Relativity
Sat & Sun, Apr 26 - Apr 27 (4:00 - 7:00 pm ET/1:00 - 4:00pm PT)
Mon, Tue, Wed & Thurs, Jun 23 - Jun 26 (meets every day of the week!)
0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
J
H
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
J
H
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
J
H
Least common multiple from $n+1$ to $n+2016$.
EmersonSoriano   0
36 minutes ago
Source: 2017 Peru Southern Cone TST P7
For each positive integer $n$, define
$$P_n = (n+1)(n+2)(n+3)\dots(n+2016)$$and
$$Q_n = \text{lcm}(n+1, n+2, n+3, \dots, n+2016),$$meaning $Q_n$ is the least common multiple of the numbers $n+1, n+2, n+3, \dots, n+2016$. Determine whether or not there exists a constant $C$ such that
$$ \frac{P_n}{Q_n} < C, $$for every positive integer $n$.
0 replies
EmersonSoriano
36 minutes ago
0 replies
J
H
Moving tokens from the leftmost end to the rightmost end.
EmersonSoriano   0
40 minutes ago
Source: 2017 Peru Southern Cone TST P6
Let $n$ and $\ell$ be positive integers with $\ell > 7$. There are $n$ tokens placed initially in the leftmost cell of a horizontal row consisting of $\ell$ cells. A move consists of shifting any token $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, $5$, or $6$ positions to the right. Andrés and Beto alternate turns, starting with Andrés. The winner is the player who moves a token into the rightmost cell. Determine who has a winning strategy in terms of $n$ and $\ell$.
0 replies
EmersonSoriano
40 minutes ago
0 replies
J
H
A point on the midline of BC.
EmersonSoriano   0
an hour ago
Source: 2017 Peru Southern Cone TST P5
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with circumcenter $O$. Draw altitude $BQ$, with $Q$ on side $AC$. The parallel line to $OC$ passing through $Q$ intersects line $BO$ at point $X$. Prove that point $X$ and the midpoints of sides $AB$ and $AC$ are collinear.
0 replies
EmersonSoriano
an hour ago
0 replies
J
H
Mundane Primes
bryanguo   10
N an hour ago by awesomeming327.
Source: 2023 HMIC P2
A prime number $p$ is mundane if there exist positive integers $a$ and $b$ less than $\tfrac{p}{2}$ such that $\tfrac{ab-1}{p}$ is a positive integer. Find, with proof, all prime numbers that are not mundane.
10 replies
bryanguo
Apr 25, 2023
awesomeming327.
an hour ago
J
H
Set of 2n real numbers divided into two groups
EmersonSoriano   0
an hour ago
Source: 2017 Peru Southern Cone TST P4
Let $n$ be a fixed positive integer. Find the greatest real constant $C_n$ that has the following property: Any $2n$ real numbers, not necessarily distinct, that lie in the interval $[100,101]$, can be partitioned into two groups with sums $S_1$ and $S_2$ such that
$$1 \ge \frac{S_2}{S_1} \ge C_n.$$
0 replies
EmersonSoriano
an hour ago
0 replies
J
H
intersting system with integer positive numbers
teomihai   2
N an hour ago by teomihai
Let next positiv integer numbers: $a ,b ,c, d $ .
If $a^4=b^3 $ , $c^5=d^6 $ and $ c-a=37 $ .
Find $ b-d$.
2 replies
teomihai
2 hours ago
teomihai
an hour ago
J
H
Non-overlapping L-tromino tiles
EmersonSoriano   0
an hour ago
Source: 2017 Peru Southern Cone TST P3
An $L$-tromino is a figure made up of three squares, obtained by removing one square from a $2\times 2$ board.

We have a $7\times 7$ board consisting of $112$ unit segments. A configuration of several $L$-trominoes is optimal if the $L$-trominoes do not overlap, each one covers exactly three squares of the board, and moreover, no unit segment of the board belongs to two $L$-trominoes. Below is an optimal configuration of 5 $L$-trominoes:


[center]IMAGE[/center]

Determine the largest possible value of $n$ for which there exists an optimal configuration of L-trominoes on the $7\times 7$ board.
0 replies
EmersonSoriano
an hour ago
0 replies
J
H
Hand shaken
mathservant   0
an hour ago
A total of 3300 handshakes were made at a party attended by 600 people. It was observed
that the total number of handshakes among any 300 people at the party is at least N. Find
the largest possible value for N.
0 replies
mathservant
an hour ago
0 replies
J
H
¿10^n-1 is a divisor of 11^n-1?
EmersonSoriano   0
2 hours ago
Source: 2017 Peru Southern Cone TST P2
Determine if there exists a positive integer $n$ such that $10^n - 1$ is a divisor of $11^n - 1$.
0 replies
EmersonSoriano
2 hours ago
0 replies
J
H
Diagonal of a pentagon that divides it into a triangle and a cyclic quadrilatera
EmersonSoriano   0
2 hours ago
Source: 2017 Peru Southern Cone TST P1
We say that a diagonal of a convex pentagon is good if it divides the pentagon into a triangle and a circumscribable quadrilateral. What is the maximum number of good diagonals that a convex pentagon can have?

Clarification: A polygon is circumscribable if there is a circle tangent to each of its sides.
0 replies
EmersonSoriano
2 hours ago
0 replies
J
H
Eazy equation clap
giangtruong13   0
4 hours ago
Find all $x,y,z$ satisfy that: $$\frac{x}{y+z}=2x-1; \frac{y}{x+z}=3y-1;\frac{z}{x+y}=5x-1$$
0 replies
giangtruong13
4 hours ago
0 replies
J
H
inequality
revol_ufiaw   3
N 5 hours ago by MS_asdfgzxcvb
Prove that that for any real $x \ge 0$ and natural number $n$,
$$x^n (n+1)^{n+1} \le n^n (x+1)^{n+1}.$$
3 replies
1 viewing
revol_ufiaw
Today at 2:05 PM
MS_asdfgzxcvb
5 hours ago
J
H
How to judge a number is prime or not?
mingzhehu   0
5 hours ago
A=（10X1+1）(10X+1），X1，X∈N+
B=（10 X1+3）（10X+7），X∈N，X1∈N
C=(10 X1+9)(10X+9), X∈N，X1∈N
D=(10 X1+1)(10X+3), X1∈N+，X∈N
E=（10 X1+7）(10X+9），X∈N，X1∈N
F=（10 X1+1）（10X+7），X1∈N+，X∈N
G=（10 X1+3）（10X+9），X∈N，X1∈N
H=（10 X1+1）10X+9），X1∈N+，X∈N
I=（10 X1+3）（10X+3），X1∈N，X∈N
J=( 10X1+7)(10X+7),X∈N，X1∈N

For any natural number P∈{P=10N+1，n∈N}，make P=A or B or C
If P can make the roots of function group(ABC) without any root group completely made up of integer, P will be a prime
For any natural number P∈{P=10N+3，n∈N}，make P=D or E
If P can make the roots of function group(DE) without any root group completely made up
of integer, P will be a prime
For any natural number P∈{P=10N+7，n∈N}，make P=F or G
If P can make the roots of function group(FG) without any root group completely made up
of integer, P will be a prime
For any natural number P∈{P=10N+9，n∈N}，make P=H or I or J
If P can make the roots of function group(GIJ) without any root group completely made up
of integer, P will be a prime
0 replies
mingzhehu
5 hours ago
0 replies
J
H
What is an isogonal conjugate and why is it useful?
EaZ_Shadow   6
N 5 hours ago by maxamc
What is an isogonal conjugate and why is it useful? People use them in Olympiad geometry proofs but I don’t understand why and what is the purpose, as it complicates me because of me not understanding it.
6 replies
EaZ_Shadow
Dec 28, 2024
maxamc
5 hours ago
J
H
J
H
angle wanted, ratio 2:1 perp. bisector cuts altitude (Oral Moscow 2022 VII p5)
parmenides51   1
N Apr 17, 2022 by Arrowhead575
A perpendicular bisector of a side of an acute angle triangle divides one of its altitudes in the ratio $2 : 1$, counting from the top. Find one of the angles of the triangle.
1 reply
parmenides51
Apr 17, 2022
Arrowhead575
Apr 17, 2022
J
angle wanted, ratio 2:1 perp. bisector cuts altitude (Oral Moscow 2022 VII p5)
G H J
Reveal topic tags
ratio
geometry
altitude
L
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
parmenides51
30629 posts
parmenides51
#1 h  Apr 17, 2022, 6:39 PM
Y by
A perpendicular bisector of a side of an acute angle triangle divides one of its altitudes in the ratio $2 : 1$, counting from the top. Find one of the angles of the triangle.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by parmenides51, Apr 17, 2022, 6:42 PM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Arrowhead575
2281 posts
Arrowhead575
#2 h  Apr 17, 2022, 7:13 PM
Y by
equilateral trainlge
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
G
H
=
a