Summer is a great time to explore cool problems to keep your skills sharp!  Schedule a class today!

G
Topic
First Poster
Last Poster
k a June Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Jun 2, 2025
Congratulations to all the mathletes who competed at National MATHCOUNTS! If you missed the exciting Countdown Round, you can watch the video at this link. Are you interested in training for MATHCOUNTS or AMC 10 contests? How would you like to train for these math competitions in half the time? We have accelerated sections which meet twice per week instead of once starting on July 8th (7:30pm ET). These sections fill quickly so enroll today!

[list][*]MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
[*]MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
[*]AMC 10 Problem Series[/list]
For those interested in Olympiad level training in math, computer science, physics, and chemistry, be sure to enroll in our WOOT courses before August 19th to take advantage of early bird pricing!

Summer camps are starting this month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have a transformative summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
[list][*]June 5th, Thursday, 7:30pm ET: Open Discussion with Ben Kornell and Andrew Sutherland, Art of Problem Solving's incoming CEO Ben Kornell and CPO Andrew Sutherland host an Ask Me Anything-style chat. Come ask your questions and get to know our incoming CEO & CPO!
[*]June 9th, Monday, 7:30pm ET, Game Jam: Operation Shuffle!, Come join us to play our second round of Operation Shuffle! If you enjoy number sense, logic, and a healthy dose of luck, this is the game for you. No specific math background is required; all are welcome.[/list]
Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
All classes run 7:30pm-8:45pm ET/4:30pm - 5:45pm PT unless otherwise noted.

Introductory: Grades 5-10

Prealgebra 1 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 1
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Monday, Jun 30 - Oct 20
Wednesday, Jul 16 - Oct 29
Sunday, Aug 17 - Dec 14
Tuesday, Aug 26 - Dec 16
Friday, Sep 5 - Jan 16
Monday, Sep 8 - Jan 12
Tuesday, Sep 16 - Jan 20 (4:30 - 5:45 pm ET/1:30 - 2:45 pm PT)
Sunday, Sep 21 - Jan 25
Thursday, Sep 25 - Jan 29
Wednesday, Oct 22 - Feb 25
Tuesday, Nov 4 - Mar 10
Friday, Dec 12 - Apr 10

Prealgebra 2 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 2
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 29 - Oct 26
Friday, Jul 25 - Nov 21
Sunday, Aug 17 - Dec 14
Tuesday, Sep 9 - Jan 13
Thursday, Sep 25 - Jan 29
Sunday, Oct 19 - Feb 22
Monday, Oct 27 - Mar 2
Wednesday, Nov 12 - Mar 18

Introduction to Algebra A Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra A
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Thursday, Jun 26 - Oct 9
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Oct 28
Sunday, Aug 17 - Dec 14
Wednesday, Aug 27 - Dec 17
Friday, Sep 5 - Jan 16
Thursday, Sep 11 - Jan 15
Sunday, Sep 28 - Feb 1
Monday, Oct 6 - Feb 9
Tuesday, Oct 21 - Feb 24
Sunday, Nov 9 - Mar 15
Friday, Dec 5 - Apr 3

Introduction to Counting & Probability Self-Paced

Introduction to Counting & Probability
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Wednesday, Jul 2 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jul 27 - Oct 19
Monday, Aug 11 - Nov 3
Wednesday, Sep 3 - Nov 19
Sunday, Sep 21 - Dec 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Friday, Oct 3 - Jan 16
Tuesday, Nov 4 - Feb 10
Sunday, Dec 7 - Mar 8

Introduction to Number Theory
Monday, Jun 9 - Aug 25
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Sep 30
Wednesday, Aug 13 - Oct 29
Friday, Sep 12 - Dec 12
Sunday, Oct 26 - Feb 1
Monday, Dec 1 - Mar 2

Introduction to Algebra B Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra B
Wednesday, Jun 4 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Oct 19
Friday, Jul 18 - Nov 14
Thursday, Aug 7 - Nov 20
Monday, Aug 18 - Dec 15
Sunday, Sep 7 - Jan 11
Thursday, Sep 11 - Jan 15
Wednesday, Sep 24 - Jan 28
Sunday, Oct 26 - Mar 1
Tuesday, Nov 4 - Mar 10
Monday, Dec 1 - Mar 30

Introduction to Geometry
Monday, Jun 16 - Dec 8
Friday, Jun 20 - Jan 9
Sunday, Jun 29 - Jan 11
Monday, Jul 14 - Jan 19
Wednesday, Aug 13 - Feb 11
Tuesday, Aug 26 - Feb 24
Sunday, Sep 7 - Mar 8
Thursday, Sep 11 - Mar 12
Wednesday, Sep 24 - Mar 25
Sunday, Oct 26 - Apr 26
Monday, Nov 3 - May 4
Friday, Dec 5 - May 29

Paradoxes and Infinity
Mon, Tue, Wed, & Thurs, Jul 14 - Jul 16 (meets every day of the week!)

Intermediate: Grades 8-12

Intermediate Algebra
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 23
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Nov 18
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 10
Sunday, Jul 13 - Jan 18
Thursday, Jul 24 - Jan 22
Friday, Aug 8 - Feb 20
Tuesday, Aug 26 - Feb 24
Sunday, Sep 28 - Mar 29
Wednesday, Oct 8 - Mar 8
Sunday, Nov 16 - May 17
Thursday, Dec 11 - Jun 4

Intermediate Counting & Probability
Sunday, Jun 22 - Nov 2
Sunday, Sep 28 - Feb 15
Tuesday, Nov 4 - Mar 24

Intermediate Number Theory
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Wednesday, Jun 18 - Sep 3
Wednesday, Sep 24 - Dec 17

Precalculus
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 9
Monday, Jun 30 - Dec 8
Wednesday, Aug 6 - Jan 21
Tuesday, Sep 9 - Feb 24
Sunday, Sep 21 - Mar 8
Monday, Oct 20 - Apr 6
Sunday, Dec 14 - May 31

Advanced: Grades 9-12

Olympiad Geometry
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Aug 26

Calculus
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 17
Sunday, Sep 7 - Mar 15
Wednesday, Sep 24 - Apr 1
Friday, Nov 14 - May 22

Group Theory
Thursday, Jun 12 - Sep 11

Contest Preparation: Grades 6-12

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
Monday, Jun 2 - Aug 18
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)
Sunday, Aug 17 - Nov 9
Wednesday, Sep 3 - Nov 19
Tuesday, Sep 16 - Dec 9
Sunday, Sep 21 - Dec 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Monday, Oct 6 - Jan 12
Thursday, Oct 16 - Jan 22
Tues, Thurs & Sun, Dec 9 - Jan 18 (meets three times a week!)

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)
Sunday, Aug 17 - Nov 9
Tuesday, Aug 26 - Nov 11
Thursday, Sep 4 - Nov 20
Friday, Sep 12 - Dec 12
Monday, Sep 15 - Dec 8
Sunday, Oct 5 - Jan 11
Tues, Thurs & Sun, Dec 2 - Jan 11 (meets three times a week!)
Mon, Wed & Fri, Dec 8 - Jan 16 (meets three times a week!)

AMC 10 Problem Series
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)
Sunday, Aug 10 - Nov 2
Thursday, Aug 14 - Oct 30
Tuesday, Aug 19 - Nov 4
Mon & Wed, Sep 15 - Oct 22 (meets twice a week!)
Mon, Wed & Fri, Oct 6 - Nov 3 (meets three times a week!)
Tue, Thurs & Sun, Oct 7 - Nov 2 (meets three times a week!)

AMC 10 Final Fives
Monday, Jun 30 - Jul 21
Friday, Aug 15 - Sep 12
Sunday, Sep 7 - Sep 28
Tuesday, Sep 9 - Sep 30
Monday, Sep 22 - Oct 13
Sunday, Sep 28 - Oct 19 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Wednesday, Oct 8 - Oct 29
Thursday, Oct 9 - Oct 30

AMC 12 Problem Series
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Wednesday, Aug 6 - Oct 22
Sunday, Aug 10 - Nov 2
Monday, Aug 18 - Nov 10
Mon & Wed, Sep 15 - Oct 22 (meets twice a week!)
Tues, Thurs & Sun, Oct 7 - Nov 2 (meets three times a week!)

AMC 12 Final Fives
Thursday, Sep 4 - Sep 25
Sunday, Sep 28 - Oct 19
Tuesday, Oct 7 - Oct 28

AIME Problem Series A
Thursday, Oct 23 - Jan 29

AIME Problem Series B
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tuesday, Sep 2 - Nov 18

F=ma Problem Series
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27
Tuesday, Sep 16 - Dec 9
Friday, Oct 17 - Jan 30

WOOT Programs
Visit the pages linked for full schedule details for each of these programs!


MathWOOT Level 1
MathWOOT Level 2
ChemWOOT
CodeWOOT
PhysicsWOOT

Programming

Introduction to Programming with Python
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22
Thursday, Aug 14 - Oct 30
Sunday, Sep 7 - Nov 23
Tuesday, Dec 2 - Mar 3

Intermediate Programming with Python
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22
Friday, Oct 3 - Jan 16

USACO Bronze Problem Series
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 1
Wednesday, Sep 3 - Dec 3
Thursday, Oct 30 - Feb 5
Tuesday, Dec 2 - Mar 3

Physics

Introduction to Physics
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15
Tuesday, Sep 2 - Nov 18
Sunday, Oct 5 - Jan 11
Wednesday, Dec 10 - Mar 11

Physics 1: Mechanics
Monday, Jun 23 - Dec 15
Sunday, Sep 21 - Mar 22
Sunday, Oct 26 - Apr 26

Relativity
Mon, Tue, Wed & Thurs, Jun 23 - Jun 26 (meets every day of the week!)
0 replies
jlacosta
Jun 2, 2025
0 replies
Beware the degeneracies!
Rijul saini   5
N 23 minutes ago by atdaotlohbh
Source: India IMOTC 2025 Day 1 Problem 1
Let $a,b,c$ be real numbers satisfying $$\max \{a(b^2+c^2),b(c^2+a^2),c(a^2+b^2) \} \leqslant 2abc+1$$Prove that $$a(b^2+c^2)+b(c^2+a^2)+c(a^2+b^2) \leqslant 6abc+2$$and determine all cases of equality.

Proposed by Shantanu Nene
5 replies
Rijul saini
Yesterday at 6:30 PM
atdaotlohbh
23 minutes ago
polonomials
Ducksohappi   3
N 35 minutes ago by Ducksohappi
Let $P(x)$ be the real polonomial such that all roots are real and distinct. Prove that there is a rational number $r\ne 0 $ that all roots of $Q(x)=$ $P(x+r)-P(x)$ are real numbers
3 replies
Ducksohappi
Apr 10, 2025
Ducksohappi
35 minutes ago
Easy Diff NT
xToiletG   0
an hour ago
Prove that for every $n \geq 2$ there exists positive integers $x, y, z$ such that
$$\frac{4}{n}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}$$
0 replies
xToiletG
an hour ago
0 replies
Might be slightly generalizable
Rijul saini   5
N an hour ago by guptaamitu1
Source: India IMOTC Day 3 Problem 1
Let $ABC$ be an acute angled triangle with orthocenter $H$ and $AB<AC$. Let $T(\ne B,C, H)$ be any other point on the arc $\stackrel{\LARGE\frown}{BHC}$ of the circumcircle of $BHC$ and let line $BT$ intersect line $AC$ at $E(\ne A)$ and let line $CT$ intersect line $AB$ at $F(\ne A)$. Let the circumcircles of $AEF$ and $ABC$ intersect again at $X$ ($\ne A$). Let the lines $XE,XF,XT$ intersect the circumcircle of $(ABC)$ again at $P,Q,R$ ($\ne X$). Prove that the lines $AR,BC,PQ$ concur.
5 replies
Rijul saini
Yesterday at 6:39 PM
guptaamitu1
an hour ago
functional analysis
ILOVEMYFAMILY   1
N Yesterday at 2:27 PM by alexheinis
Let $E$, $F$ be normed spaces with $E$ a Banach space. Suppose $\{A_n: E \to F\}$ is a family of continuous linear maps. Prove that the set
\[
X = \left\{ x \in E \mid \sup_{n\geq 1}|| A_n(x)||< +\infty  \right\}
\]is either of first category in $E$ or is equal to the whole space $E$.
1 reply
ILOVEMYFAMILY
Jun 2, 2025
alexheinis
Yesterday at 2:27 PM
Geometry
krrispes   1
N Yesterday at 11:03 AM by Mathzeus1024
Plz solve by using optimization method
1 reply
krrispes
Jan 19, 2025
Mathzeus1024
Yesterday at 11:03 AM
Limit problem
Martin.s   2
N Tuesday at 8:36 PM by KAME06
Find \(\lim_{n \to \infty} n \sin (2n! e \pi)\)
2 replies
Martin.s
Jun 1, 2025
KAME06
Tuesday at 8:36 PM
IMC 2021 P8: Maximum number of vectors such that for any 3, 2 are orthogonal
Sumgato   17
N Tuesday at 2:28 PM by lminsl
Source: IMC 2021 P8
Let $n$ be a positive integer. At most how many distinct unit vectors can be selected in $\mathbb{R}^n$ such that from any three of them, at least two are orthogonal?
17 replies
Sumgato
Aug 5, 2021
lminsl
Tuesday at 2:28 PM
D1043 : A general result about diffeomorphisme
Dattier   0
Tuesday at 1:55 PM
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Let $f \in C^2([0,1],[0,1])$ diffeomorphisme bijectif.

Is it true that $\int_0^1f(t) \text{d}t \leq \dfrac12+ \dfrac{\max(|f''|)}{5\times \min(|f'|^3)}$?
0 replies
Dattier
Tuesday at 1:55 PM
0 replies
IMC 2009 Day 1 P2
joybangla   3
N Tuesday at 11:23 AM by lminsl
Let $A,B,C$ be real square matrices of the same order, and suppose $A$ is invertible. Prove that
\[ (A-B)C=BA^{-1}\implies C(A-B)=A^{-1}B \]
3 replies
joybangla
Jul 15, 2014
lminsl
Tuesday at 11:23 AM
Expand into a Fourier series
Tip_pay   2
N Tuesday at 10:38 AM by Mathzeus1024
Expand the function in a Fourier series on the interval $(-\pi, \pi)$
$$f(x)=\begin{cases}
1, & -1<x\leq 0\\ 
x, & 0<x<1
\end{cases}$$
2 replies
Tip_pay
Dec 12, 2023
Mathzeus1024
Tuesday at 10:38 AM
D1041 : A generalisation of Tchebychef's Inequality
Dattier   1
N Jun 3, 2025 by Dattier
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Let $f,g \in C^1([0,1])$.

Is it true that : $\min(|f'|)\times \min(|g'|) \leq 12\times \left|\int_0^1f(t)\times g(t) \text{d}t -\int_0^1f(t) \text{d}t\times \int_0^1g(t)\text{d}t\right| \leq \max(|f'|)\times \max(|g'|)$?
1 reply
Dattier
Jun 2, 2025
Dattier
Jun 3, 2025
Putnam 2013 A5
Kent Merryfield   10
N Jun 2, 2025 by blackbluecar
For $m\ge 3,$ a list of $\binom m3$ real numbers $a_{ijk}$ $(1\le i<j<k\le m)$ is said to be area definite for $\mathbb{R}^n$ if the inequality \[\sum_{1\le i<j<k\le m}a_{ijk}\cdot\text{Area}(\triangle A_iA_jA_k)\ge0\] holds for every choice of $m$ points $A_1,\dots,A_m$ in $\mathbb{R}^n.$ For example, the list of four numbers $a_{123}=a_{124}=a_{134}=1, a_{234}=-1$ is area definite for $\mathbb{R}^2.$ Prove that if a list of $\binom m3$ numbers is area definite for $\mathbb{R}^2,$ then it is area definite for $\mathbb{R}^3.$
10 replies
Kent Merryfield
Dec 9, 2013
blackbluecar
Jun 2, 2025
Reducing the exponents for good
RobertRogo   3
N Jun 2, 2025 by RobertRogo
Source: The national Algebra contest (Romania), 2025, Problem 3/Abstract Algebra (a bit generalized)
Let $A$ be a ring with unity such that for every $x \in A$ there exist $t_x, n_x \in \mathbb{N}^*$ such that $x^{t_x+n_x}=x^{n_x}$. Prove that
a) If $t_x \cdot 1 \in U(A), \forall x \in A$ then $x^{t_x+1}=x, \forall x \in A$
b) If there is an $x \in A$ such that $t_x \cdot 1 \notin U(A)$ then the result from a) may no longer hold.

Authors: Laurențiu Panaitopol, Dorel Miheț, Mihai Opincariu, me, Filip Munteanu
3 replies
RobertRogo
May 20, 2025
RobertRogo
Jun 2, 2025
Geometry
IstekOlympiadTeam   3
N Dec 25, 2018 by aops29
Source: Estonia IMO TST 1996 Day2 P2
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of an obtuse triangle $ABC$ and $A_1B_1C_1$ arbitrary points on the sides $BC,AC,AB$ respectively.Prove that the tangents drawn from $H$ to the circles with diametrs $AA_1,BB_1,CC_1$ are equal.
3 replies
IstekOlympiadTeam
Nov 27, 2015
aops29
Dec 25, 2018
Geometry
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: Estonia IMO TST 1996 Day2 P2
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
IstekOlympiadTeam
542 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by nguyendangkhoa17112003, Adventure10, Mango247
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of an obtuse triangle $ABC$ and $A_1B_1C_1$ arbitrary points on the sides $BC,AC,AB$ respectively.Prove that the tangents drawn from $H$ to the circles with diametrs $AA_1,BB_1,CC_1$ are equal.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
serquastic
33 posts
#2 • 3 Y
Y by nguyendangkhoa17112003, Adventure10, Mango247
Let $B_2,  C_2 , A_2$ the intersection of the altitudes with the respective side.
Looking at the triangle $BB_2B_1$ we will notice that $\angle BB_2B_1=90 \implies B_2$ is on the circle with diameter $BB_1$.
If $HP$ is the tangent from $H$ to this circle we need to prove that $HP^2=HB \cdot HB_2$ is equal to the others.
$\leftrightarrow HB \cdot HB_2=HA \cdot HA_2=HC \cdot HC_2$ which is obvious using the fact that $HA, HB, HC$ are altitudes and they form inscribed quadrilaterals ($BB_2C_2C, BB_2A_2A , AA_2C_2C$)
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Zoom
77 posts
#3 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Hi,
Proving that the tangents to the circles are equal is equivalent to proving that the power of $H$ wrt to the circles are all equal.
Since $A_1,B_1,C_1$ are arbitrary points on the sides, by fixing one point say $C_1$ we can prove that for all points $A_{1i}$ the power of $H$ wrt to the circle with diameter $AA_{1i}$ is a constant and then for a specific point $A_1$ we prove that $p(H,k_{AA_1})=p(H,k_{CC_1})$. It goes something like this.
$p(H,k_{AA_1})=HS_a^2- \frac{AA1^2}{4}$, where $S_a$ is the midpoint of $AA_1$. By law of cosines $ HS_a^2- \frac{AA1^2}{4}=HA^2+\frac{AA1^2}{4}-2HA\frac{AA1}{2} cos( \angle HAA_1)- \frac{AA1^2}{4}=HA(HA-AA_1cos(\angle HAA_1))=HA(HA+AA_1cos(\angle A_1AA_0))$ where $A_0$ is the foot of the altitude from $A$ to $BC$. Then we have $p(H,k_{AA_1})=HA \times HA_0=const$. Because $CC_0AA_0$ is cyclic we get that $HA \times HA_0=CH \times CH_0$ so we have $p(H,k_{AA_{1}})=p(H,k_{AA_0})=p(H,k_{CC_0})=p(H,k_{CC_1})$.
P.S. during my writing of the solutions I got the notification that someone else already posted but nevertheless I finished what I started.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
aops29
452 posts
#4 • 3 Y
Y by wu2481632, Adventure10, Mango247
A much better to prove that \(H\) is the radical center of the circles (with the cevians as diameters) is found in Coxeter's Geometry Revisited, page 37:

Solution
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
G
H
=
a