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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
My journey to IMO
MTA_2024   0
a few seconds ago
Note to moderators: I had no idea if this is the ideal forum for this or not, feel free to move it wherever you want ;)

Hi everyone,
I am a random 14 years old 9th grader, national olympiad winner, and silver medalist in the francophone olympiad of maths (junior section) [url=Click here to see the test in itself ]https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4318803_2025_francophone_mathematical_olympiad[/url].
While on paper, this might seem like a solid background (and tbh it kinda is); but I only have one problem rn: an extreme lack of preparation (You'll understand very soon just keep reading :D ).
You see, when the francophone olympiad, the national olympiad and the international kangaroo ended (and they where in the span of 4 days!!!) I've told myself :"aight, enough math, take a break till summer" (and btw, summer starts rh in July and ends in October) and from then I didn't seriously study maths.
That was until yesterday, (see, none of our senior's year students could go because the bachelor's degree exam and the IMO's dates coincide). So they replaced them with us, junior students. And suddenly, with no previous warning, I found myself at the very bottom of the IMO list of participants. And it's been months since I last "seriously" studied maths.
I'm really looking forward to this incredible journey, and potentially winning a medal :laugh: . But regardless of my results I know it'll be a fantastic journey with this very large and kind community.
Any advices or help is more than welcome <3 .Thank yall for helping me reach and surpass a ton of my goals.
Sincerely.
0 replies
MTA_2024
a few seconds ago
0 replies
Very odd geo
Royal_mhyasd   1
N 6 minutes ago by Royal_mhyasd
Source: own (i think)
Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AC>AB>BC$ and let $H$ be its orthocenter. Let $P$ be a point on the perpendicular bisector of $AH$ such that $\angle APH=2(\angle ABC - \angle ACB)$ and $P$ and $C$ are on different sides of $AB$, $Q$ a point on the perpendicular bisector of $BH$ such that $\angle BQH = 2(\angle ACB-\angle BAC)$ and $R$ a point on the perpendicular bisector of $CH$ such that $\angle CRH=2(\angle ABC - \angle BAC)$ and $Q,R$ lie on the opposite side of $BC$ w.r.t $A$. Prove that $P,Q$ and $R$ are collinear.
1 reply
1 viewing
Royal_mhyasd
9 minutes ago
Royal_mhyasd
6 minutes ago
Calculating sum of the numbers
Sadigly   5
N 16 minutes ago by aokmh3n2i2rt
Source: Azerbaijan Junior MO 2025 P4
A $3\times3$ square is filled with numbers $1;2;3...;9$.The numbers inside four $2\times2$ squares is summed,and arranged in an increasing order. Is it possible to obtain the following sequences as a result of this operation?

$\text{a)}$ $24,24,25,25$

$\text{b)}$ $20,23,26,29$
5 replies
Sadigly
May 9, 2025
aokmh3n2i2rt
16 minutes ago
Swap to the symmedian
Noob_at_math_69_level   7
N 31 minutes ago by awesomeming327.
Source: DGO 2023 Team P1
Let $\triangle{ABC}$ be a triangle with points $U,V$ lie on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ such that $B,U,V,C$ lie on a circle. Suppose $UD,UE,UF$ are perpendicular to sides $BC,AC,AB$ at points $D,E,F.$ The tangent lines from points $E,F$ to the circumcircle of $\triangle{DEF}$ intersects at point $S.$ Prove that: $AV,DS$ are parallel.

Proposed by Paramizo Dicrominique
7 replies
Noob_at_math_69_level
Dec 18, 2023
awesomeming327.
31 minutes ago
Find (AB * CD) / (AC * BD) & prove orthogonality of circles
Maverick   15
N 41 minutes ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: IMO 1993, Day 1, Problem 2
Let $A$, $B$, $C$, $D$ be four points in the plane, with $C$ and $D$ on the same side of the line $AB$, such that $AC \cdot BD = AD \cdot BC$ and $\angle ADB = 90^{\circ}+\angle ACB$. Find the ratio
\[\frac{AB \cdot CD}{AC \cdot BD}, \]
and prove that the circumcircles of the triangles $ACD$ and $BCD$ are orthogonal. (Intersecting circles are said to be orthogonal if at either common point their tangents are perpendicuar. Thus, proving that the circumcircles of the triangles $ACD$ and $BCD$ are orthogonal is equivalent to proving that the tangents to the circumcircles of the triangles $ACD$ and $BCD$ at the point $C$ are perpendicular.)
15 replies
Maverick
Jul 13, 2004
Ilikeminecraft
41 minutes ago
f(x+f(x)+f(y))=x+f(x+y)
dangerousliri   10
N an hour ago by jasperE3
Source: FEOO, Shortlist A5
Find all functions $f:\mathbb{R}^+\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^+$ such that for any positive real numbers $x$ and $y$,
$$f(x+f(x)+f(y))=x+f(x+y)$$Proposed by Athanasios Kontogeorgis, Grecce, and Dorlir Ahmeti, Kosovo
10 replies
dangerousliri
May 31, 2020
jasperE3
an hour ago
n-variable inequality
ABCDE   66
N an hour ago by ND_
Source: 2015 IMO Shortlist A1, Original 2015 IMO #5
Suppose that a sequence $a_1,a_2,\ldots$ of positive real numbers satisfies \[a_{k+1}\geq\frac{ka_k}{a_k^2+(k-1)}\]for every positive integer $k$. Prove that $a_1+a_2+\ldots+a_n\geq n$ for every $n\geq2$.
66 replies
1 viewing
ABCDE
Jul 7, 2016
ND_
an hour ago
Euler Line Madness
raxu   75
N 2 hours ago by lakshya2009
Source: TSTST 2015 Problem 2
Let ABC be a scalene triangle. Let $K_a$, $L_a$ and $M_a$ be the respective intersections with BC of the internal angle bisector, external angle bisector, and the median from A. The circumcircle of $AK_aL_a$ intersects $AM_a$ a second time at point $X_a$ different from A. Define $X_b$ and $X_c$ analogously. Prove that the circumcenter of $X_aX_bX_c$ lies on the Euler line of ABC.
(The Euler line of ABC is the line passing through the circumcenter, centroid, and orthocenter of ABC.)

Proposed by Ivan Borsenco
75 replies
raxu
Jun 26, 2015
lakshya2009
2 hours ago
Own made functional equation
Primeniyazidayi   8
N 2 hours ago by MathsII-enjoy
Source: own(probably)
Find all functions $f:R \rightarrow R$ such that $xf(x^2+2f(y)-yf(x))=f(x)^3-f(y)(f(x^2)-2f(x))$ for all $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$
8 replies
Primeniyazidayi
May 26, 2025
MathsII-enjoy
2 hours ago
IMO ShortList 2002, geometry problem 7
orl   110
N 3 hours ago by SimplisticFormulas
Source: IMO ShortList 2002, geometry problem 7
The incircle $ \Omega$ of the acute-angled triangle $ ABC$ is tangent to its side $ BC$ at a point $ K$. Let $ AD$ be an altitude of triangle $ ABC$, and let $ M$ be the midpoint of the segment $ AD$. If $ N$ is the common point of the circle $ \Omega$ and the line $ KM$ (distinct from $ K$), then prove that the incircle $ \Omega$ and the circumcircle of triangle $ BCN$ are tangent to each other at the point $ N$.
110 replies
orl
Sep 28, 2004
SimplisticFormulas
3 hours ago
Cute NT Problem
M11100111001Y1R   6
N 3 hours ago by X.Allaberdiyev
Source: Iran TST 2025 Test 4 Problem 1
A number \( n \) is called lucky if it has at least two distinct prime divisors and can be written in the form:
\[
n = p_1^{\alpha_1} + \cdots + p_k^{\alpha_k}
\]where \( p_1, \dots, p_k \) are distinct prime numbers that divide \( n \). (Note: it is possible that \( n \) has other prime divisors not among \( p_1, \dots, p_k \).) Prove that for every prime number \( p \), there exists a lucky number \( n \) such that \( p \mid n \).
6 replies
M11100111001Y1R
May 27, 2025
X.Allaberdiyev
3 hours ago
China MO 2021 P6
NTssu   23
N 3 hours ago by bin_sherlo
Source: CMO 2021 P6
Find $f: \mathbb{Z}_+ \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_+$, such that for any $x,y \in \mathbb{Z}_+$, $$f(f(x)+y)\mid x+f(y).$$
23 replies
NTssu
Nov 25, 2020
bin_sherlo
3 hours ago
Prove that the circumcentres of the triangles are collinear
orl   19
N 3 hours ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: IMO Shortlist 1997, Q9
Let $ A_1A_2A_3$ be a non-isosceles triangle with incenter $ I.$ Let $ C_i,$ $ i = 1, 2, 3,$ be the smaller circle through $ I$ tangent to $ A_iA_{i+1}$ and $ A_iA_{i+2}$ (the addition of indices being mod 3). Let $ B_i, i = 1, 2, 3,$ be the second point of intersection of $ C_{i+1}$ and $ C_{i+2}.$ Prove that the circumcentres of the triangles $ A_1 B_1I,A_2B_2I,A_3B_3I$ are collinear.
19 replies
orl
Aug 10, 2008
Ilikeminecraft
3 hours ago
c^a + a = 2^b
Havu   9
N 3 hours ago by Havu
Find $a, b, c\in\mathbb{Z}^+$ such that $a,b,c$ coprime, $a + b = 2c$ and $c^a + a = 2^b$.
9 replies
Havu
May 10, 2025
Havu
3 hours ago
Common chord bisects segment
mofumofu   11
N Apr 19, 2025 by sttsmet
Source: China TSTST 3 Day 1 Q2
Let $ABCD$ be a non-cyclic convex quadrilateral. The feet of perpendiculars from $A$ to $BC,BD,CD$ are $P,Q,R$ respectively, where $P,Q$ lie on segments $BC,BD$ and $R$ lies on $CD$ extended. The feet of perpendiculars from $D$ to $AC,BC,AB$ are $X,Y,Z$ respectively, where $X,Y$ lie on segments $AC,BC$ and $Z$ lies on $BA$ extended. Let the orthocenter of $\triangle ABD$ be $H$. Prove that the common chord of circumcircles of $\triangle PQR$ and $\triangle XYZ$ bisects $BH$.
11 replies
mofumofu
Mar 18, 2017
sttsmet
Apr 19, 2025
Common chord bisects segment
G H J
Source: China TSTST 3 Day 1 Q2
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mofumofu
179 posts
#1 • 10 Y
Y by rkm0959, anantmudgal09, baopbc, ThE-dArK-lOrD, guangzhou-2015, buratinogigle, nguyendangkhoa17112003, Ya_pank, Adventure10, Rounak_iitr
Let $ABCD$ be a non-cyclic convex quadrilateral. The feet of perpendiculars from $A$ to $BC,BD,CD$ are $P,Q,R$ respectively, where $P,Q$ lie on segments $BC,BD$ and $R$ lies on $CD$ extended. The feet of perpendiculars from $D$ to $AC,BC,AB$ are $X,Y,Z$ respectively, where $X,Y$ lie on segments $AC,BC$ and $Z$ lies on $BA$ extended. Let the orthocenter of $\triangle ABD$ be $H$. Prove that the common chord of circumcircles of $\triangle PQR$ and $\triangle XYZ$ bisects $BH$.
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TelvCohl
2312 posts
#2 • 16 Y
Y by baopbc, Ankoganit, smy2012, dagezjm, Saro00, guangzhou-2015, zed1969, anantmudgal09, Mosquitall, enhanced, nguyendangkhoa17112003, Gaussian_cyber, AllanTian, JG666, Adventure10, thinkcow
Let $ \widetilde{A}, $ $ \widetilde{D} $ be the isogonal conjugate of $ A, $ $ D $ WRT $ \triangle BCD, $ $ \triangle ABC, $ respectively. Clearly, $ \widetilde{A} $ and $ \widetilde{D} $ are symmetry WRT $ BC, $ so one of the intersection $ U $ of $ \odot (PQR) $ and $ \odot (XYZ) $ lies on $ BC. $ Let $ V $ be the second intersection of these two circles, then note that $ ( A,B,P,Q ) $ and $ ( B,D,Y,Z ) $ are concyclic we get $$ \measuredangle ZVQ = \measuredangle ZYU + \measuredangle UPQ = \measuredangle ZDB + \measuredangle BAQ = 2\measuredangle ABD \ , $$hence $ V $ lies on the 9-point circle of $ \triangle ABD. $ Let $ M $ be the midpoint of $ BH. $ Since $ M, $ $ Q, $ $ V, $ $ Z $ are concyclic (the 9-point circle of $ \triangle ABD $), so we conclude that $$ \measuredangle MVQ = \measuredangle BAQ = \measuredangle UPQ = \measuredangle UVQ \Longrightarrow M \ \text{lies on} \ UV \ . $$
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bobthesmartypants
4337 posts
#3 • 3 Y
Y by anantmudgal09, Adventure10, Mango247
solution

EDIT: 4321st post woo
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by bobthesmartypants, Aug 31, 2017, 7:08 PM
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anantmudgal09
1980 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
I think that this solution is a bit different from others posted here. Not that hard a problem with the knowledge of circumrectangular hyperbolas, especially with geogebra by your side :D
mofumofu wrote:
Let $ABCD$ be a non-cyclic convex quadrilateral. The feet of perpendiculars from $A$ to $BC,BD,CD$ are $P,Q,R$ respectively, where $P,Q$ lie on segments $BC,BD$ and $R$ lies on $CD$ extended. The feet of perpendiculars from $D$ to $AC,BC,AB$ are $X,Y,Z$ respectively, where $X,Y$ lie on segments $AC,BC$ and $Z$ lies on $BA$ extended. Let the orthocenter of $\triangle ABD$ be $H$. Prove that the common chord of circumcircles of $\triangle PQR$ and $\triangle XYZ$ bisects $BH$.

First we clear up our notation a bit. Consider the equivalent problem:

China TST 2017 #2, morally correct notation wrote:
Let $ABCP$ be a non-cyclic quadrilateral and $\mathcal{H}$ denote the rectangular hyperbola circumscribing them. Let $H_B$ be the orthocenter of triangle $ABP$. Let $\omega_1$ be the pedal circle of $P$ wrt $\triangle ABC$ and $\omega_2$ be the pedal circle of $A$ wrt $\triangle BCP$. Prove that the radical axis (or common chord) of $\omega_1, \omega_2$ passes through the mid-point of $\overline{BH_B}$.

For convenience, suppose $P$ lies in the interior of $\triangle ABC$. The general case can be accounted for by directing angles accordingly. Now let $Z$ be the center of $\mathcal{H}$ and $P_A, P_B, P_C$ be the projections of $P$ on $\overline{BC}, \overline{CA}, \overline{AB}$ respectively. Let $\odot(P_AP_BP_C)$ meet the sides $\overline{BC}, \overline{CA}, \overline{AB}$ again at $Q_A,Q_B,Q_C$ respectively.

Let $M$ be the midpoint of $\overline{BH_B}$ and $P_B'=\overline{AP} \cap \overline{BH_B}$. Then $H_B \in \mathcal{H} \implies Z \in \odot(P_BMP_B')$.

Claim. $\overline{ZQ_A}$ is the common chord of $\omega_1, \omega_2$ (in fact these two points lie on both the circles).

(Proof) Observe that $Z$ is a common point due to the fundamental theorem and $Q_A \in \omega_1$. So let $A'$ be the isogonal conjugate of $A$ wrt $\triangle BPC$; and $P'$ be the isogonal conjugate of $P$ wrt $\triangle ABC$. Then $A', P'$ are symmetric in $\overline{BC}$. Consequently, $Q_A$ lies on the pedal circle $\omega_2$ of $A'$ wrt $\triangle BPC$, as desired. $\blacksquare$

Finally, we see $$\angle P_BZQ_A=\angle P_BP_AB=90^{\circ}-\angle ABP$$and $$\angle P_BZM=\angle P_BP_B'B=90^{\circ}-\angle ABP$$hence $M$ lies on $\overline{ZQ_A}$, as desired. $\blacksquare$

P.S. 1400th post! :)
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by anantmudgal09, Oct 27, 2017, 4:42 PM
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nguyenhaan2209
111 posts
#6 • 3 Y
Y by top1csp2020, JG666, Adventure10
ZR-BC=U then XZU=XAR=XYC so UXYZ cyclic, similarly QXU collinear so RQU=RZX=RAC=RPC so UPQR cyclic hence ZVQ=ZVU-UVQ=ZYU-UPQ=180-ZDB-QB=ZMQ so MVQ+QVU=180-MZQ+QAB=180 so q.e.d
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mathaddiction
308 posts
#7
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Notice that $Z,Q,X,R$ all lies on the circle with diameter $AD$. Denote this circle by $\omega$.Let $N$ be the midpoint of $AD$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $BH$. Suppose $ZX$ and $QR$ meet at $G$, and $ZR$ and $QX$ meet at $I$.
CLAIM. Both $I$ and $G$ lies on the common chord
Proof. Applying radical axis theorem to $(PQR)$, $(XYZ)$ and $\omega$ we see that $G$ is the radical center of the three circles hence lying on the common chord. Now
$$\angle QIR=\angle ZRQ-\angle XQR=\angle BAQ-(90^{\circ}-\angle ACD)=\angle QPC-\angle RPC=\angle QPR$$hence $I$ lies on $(PQR)$. By symmetry it lies on $(XYZ)$ as well. This justfies our claim.

Now notice that $\angle MQB+\angle NQD=\angle MBQ+\angle NQD=90^{\circ}$. Therefore $MZ$ and $MQ$ are both tangent to $\omega$. Let $ZQ$ and $DX$ meet at $J$. Then $J$ lies on $ZQ$, the polar of $M$ w.r.t. $\omega$. Hence by La Hire's theorem, $M$ lies on the polar of $J$. w.r.t. $\omega$, that is, $GI$ by Brokard's theorem.
This shows that the common chord of the two circles bisect $BH$.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by mathaddiction, Jul 18, 2020, 11:47 PM
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Plops
946 posts
#8
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Pascal's on $\odot (AZRDXQ)$, $ZR \cap QX \cap PY=I'_2$. Let $U=AD \cap BC$, $V=ZQ \cap RX$, and assume $AB<CD$. By simple angle chasing, we see

$$\angle RI_2B=\angle RAD-\angle ZDA+\angle DUC=\angle ADC-\angle DAB+\angle DAB+\angle CBA-\pi=\angle ADC+\angle CBA-\pi=\pi-\angle AQD+\pi-\angle PQA-\pi=\pi-\angle AQD-\angle PQA=\pi-\angle PQR$$
so $\odot (I'_2PQR)$ is cyclic, and similarly, $\odot (I'_2YXZ)$ is cyclic. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $BH$. Then, $MH=MZ=MQ=MB$, and

$$\angle MZB= \angle MBZ=\frac{\pi}{2}-\angle ZAD=\angle ZDA$$
so $MZ, MQ$ are tangent to circle $\odot (AZRDXQ)$, and $M$ lies on the polar of $V$ w.r.t. $\odot (AZRDXQ)$, which, by Brokard's theorem, is $I_1I_2$, the radical axis of $\odot (XYZ)$ and $\odot (PQR)$.
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KST2003
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#10
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Let $K$ be the orthocenter of $\triangle ACD$, and let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of $BH$ and $CK$.

Claim: $\overline{HK}, \overline{BC}$ and $\overline{ZR}$ are concurrent one of the intersections of $(PQR)$ and $(XYZ)$, say $S$.

Proof. Let $U=\overline{KR}\cap\overline{HZ}$, and $V=\overline{CR}\cap\overline{BZ}$. Then as $D$ is the orthocenter of $\triangle AUV$, $UV\parallel CK\parallel BH$. Hence $\triangle KRC$ and $\triangle HZB$ are perspective and the concurrency follows. Now it is left to show that this point lies on both circles. Since $ZAQR$ and $BAQP$ are cyclic, by Miquel's theorem it follows that $S$ lies on $(PQR)$. Similarly, $S$ lies on $(XYZ)$ so we are done. $\square$

Now as $BH\parallel CK$ it follows by homothety that $\overline{MN}$ passes through $S$. Consider a rectangular circumhyperbola $\mathcal{H}$ passing through $A,B,C,D,H$. Obviously, this passes through $K$ as well. Let $T$ be the center of this hyperbola. Then by the fundamental theorem, this must be the other intersection point of $(PQR)$ and $(XYZ)$ (Configuration issues can be dealt without much difficulty). Since $BH$ and $CK$ are parallel chords of a conic, it follows that $\overline{MN}$ passes through $T$, so it must be the radical axis of $(PQR)$ and $(XYZ)$ as desired. $\square$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by KST2003, Jun 6, 2021, 6:29 AM
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cronus119
74 posts
#11
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casey theorem for distance $H,B$ with radical axis of circles $\odot XYZ$,$\odot PQR$.
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ChanandlerBong
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#12
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Denote by $\Omega$ the circle passing through $A,Z,R,D,X,Q$.
By Pascal's theorem on $(ZRDQXA)$, we have that $L:=ZR \cap QX$ lies on line $BC$. Simple angle chasing indicates that $L$ is one of the intersections of circles $(PQR)$ and $(XYZ)$.
Consider the radical axis of $\Omega$, $(PQR)$ and $(XYZ)$, we have $S:=XZ\cap RQ$ lies on the radical axis of $(PQR)$ and $(XYZ)$, which we denote by $l$. Thus now we conclude that $l$ is line $SL$, so we only have to prove that the $M$ , the midpoint of segment $BH$, lies on $SL$.
To finish, it is well-known that $M$ is the pole of line $QZ$ with respect to $\Omega$, therefore apply Pascal's theorem on $(ZZRQQX)$, and then we are done!:P
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by ChanandlerBong, Dec 10, 2022, 3:05 AM
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trinhquockhanh
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#13 • 1 Y
Y by Rounak_iitr
$\text{a good problem for training the \textit{Pascal theorem}, but it is a bit easy for China TST}$
https://i.ibb.co/340Wpbq/2017-China-TST-R3-D1-P2.png
geogebra solution link
This post has been edited 5 times. Last edited by trinhquockhanh, Aug 9, 2023, 1:49 PM
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sttsmet
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#14
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Allow me to disagree with the above comment! This is a very beautiful problem, well placed as a P2. It's difficulty relies mostly on drawing a good diagram on paper (sth you may haven't noticed through geogebra) as well as keeping it clear from the many lines/circles that seem tempting.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by sttsmet, Apr 19, 2025, 3:40 PM
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