Plan ahead for the next school year. Schedule your class today!

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k a July Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jwelsh   0
Jul 1, 2025
We are halfway through summer, so be sure to carve out some time to keep your skills sharp and explore challenging topics at AoPS Online and our AoPS Academies (including the Virtual Campus)!

[list][*]Over 60 summer classes are starting at the Virtual Campus on July 7th - check out the math and language arts options for middle through high school levels.
[*]At AoPS Online, we have accelerated sections where you can complete a course in half the time by meeting twice/week instead of once/week, starting on July 8th:
[list][*]MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
[*]MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
[*]AMC Problem Series[/list]
[*]Plus, AoPS Online has a special seminar July 14 - 17 that is outside the standard fare: Paradoxes and Infinity
[*]We are expanding our in-person AoPS Academy locations - are you looking for a strong community of problem solvers, exemplary instruction, and math and language arts options? Look to see if we have a location near you and enroll in summer camps or academic year classes today! New locations include campuses in California, Georgia, New York, Illinois, and Oregon and more coming soon![/list]

MOP (Math Olympiad Summer Program) just ended and the IMO (International Mathematical Olympiad) is right around the corner! This year’s IMO will be held in Australia, July 10th - 20th. Congratulations to all the MOP students for reaching this incredible level and best of luck to all selected to represent their countries at this year’s IMO! Did you know that, in the last 10 years, 59 USA International Math Olympiad team members have medaled and have taken over 360 AoPS Online courses. Take advantage of our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training (WOOT) courses
and train with the best! Please note that early bird pricing ends August 19th!
Are you tired of the heat and thinking about Fall? You can plan your Fall schedule now with classes at either AoPS Online, AoPS Academy Virtual Campus, or one of our AoPS Academies around the US.

Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
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0 replies
jwelsh
Jul 1, 2025
0 replies
[EGMO2] Domino tilings
socrates   22
N 20 minutes ago by lpieleanu
Source: EGMO 2015, Problem 2
A domino is a $2 \times 1$ or $1 \times  2$ tile. Determine in how many ways exactly $n^2$ dominoes can be placed without overlapping on a $2n \times  2n$ chessboard so that every $2 \times  2$ square contains at least two uncovered unit squares which lie in the same row or column.
22 replies
socrates
Apr 16, 2015
lpieleanu
20 minutes ago
IMO online scoreboard
Shayan-TayefehIR   97
N 28 minutes ago by PokemonMaster2012
Is there still an active link for IMO's online scoreboard?, I guess the scoring process is not over yet and that old link doesn't work...
97 replies
+10 w
Shayan-TayefehIR
Today at 5:31 AM
PokemonMaster2012
28 minutes ago
2025 German Mathematical Olympiad \\[3pt] Problem 4
unicornfly   11
N 35 minutes ago by Shan3t
there is another solution ?

\textbf{Problem.}
Let \( a, b, c > 0 \). Prove that
\[
\boxed{
\frac{a^5}{b^2} + \frac{b}{c} + \frac{c^3}{a^2} > 2a
}
\]
\textbf{Solution.}

We apply the AM–GM inequality to the following decomposition of the left-hand side:

\[
\frac{a^5}{b^2} + \frac{b}{c} + \frac{c^3}{a^2}
=
3 \cdot \frac{a^5}{3b^2}
+ 6 \cdot \frac{b}{6c}
+ 2 \cdot \frac{c^3}{2a^2}.
\]
This gives a total of 11 positive terms, so by the AM–GM inequality:

\[
\frac{a^5}{b^2} + \frac{b}{c} + \frac{c^3}{a^2}
\ge
11 \cdot
\sqrt[11]{\left( \frac{a^5}{3b^2} \right)^3
\cdot \left( \frac{b}{6c} \right)^6
\cdot \left( \frac{c^3}{2a^2} \right)^2}.
\]
Let us simplify the product inside the root:

\[
\left( \frac{a^5}{3b^2} \right)^3
= \frac{a^{15}}{3^3 b^6}, \qquad
\left( \frac{b}{6c} \right)^6
= \frac{b^6}{6^6 c^6}, \qquad
\left( \frac{c^3}{2a^2} \right)^2
= \frac{c^6}{2^2 a^4}.
\]
Multiplying them gives:

\[
\frac{a^{15}}{3^3 b^6} \cdot
\frac{b^6}{6^6 c^6} \cdot
\frac{c^6}{2^2 a^4}
=
\frac{a^{15 - 4} \cdot b^6 \cdot c^6}
{3^3 \cdot 6^6 \cdot 2^2 \cdot b^6 \cdot c^6}
=
\frac{a^{11}}{3^3 \cdot 2^2 \cdot 6^6}.
\]
Now, we use the estimate:
\[
3^3 \cdot 2^2 \cdot 6^6
= 27 \cdot 4 \cdot (2 \cdot 3)^6
= 27 \cdot 4 \cdot 2^6 \cdot 3^6
= 2^8 \cdot 3^9.
\]
Hence,
\[
\frac{a^5}{b^2} + \frac{b}{c} + \frac{c^3}{a^2}
\ge
11 \cdot \sqrt[11]{\frac{a^{11}}{2^8 \cdot 3^9}}
= \frac{11a}{\sqrt[11]{2^8 \cdot 3^9}}.
\]
Finally, we observe that
\[
\sqrt[11]{2^8 \cdot 3^9}
< \frac{11}{2} \quad \Rightarrow \quad
\frac{11a}{\sqrt[11]{2^8 \cdot 3^9}} > 2a.
\]
\textbf{Conclusion:}

\[
\boxed{
\frac{a^5}{b^2} + \frac{b}{c} + \frac{c^3}{a^2} > 2a
}
\qquad \text{for all } a,b,c>0.
\]
11 replies
unicornfly
Today at 1:48 AM
Shan3t
35 minutes ago
Nice and easy FE on R+
sttsmet   23
N 39 minutes ago by Maths_VC
Source: EMC 2024 Problem 4, Seniors
Find all functions $ f: \mathbb{R}^{+} \to \mathbb{R}^{+}$ such that $f(x+yf(x)) = xf(1+y)$
for all x, y positive reals.
23 replies
sttsmet
Dec 23, 2024
Maths_VC
39 minutes ago
No more topics!
Angle Bisections with Midpoints
hyperspace.rulz   2
N Jul 5, 2012 by lchserious
Source: Australian Mathematical Olympiad 2012
Two circles $C_1$ and $C_2$ intersect at $A$ and $B$. The common tangent of $C_1$ and $C_2$ that is close to $B$ than $A$ meets $C_1$ at $P$ and $C_2$ at $Q$. $QB$ extended meets $C_1$ at $S$ and $PB$ extended meets $C_2$ at $R$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of $PS$ and $QR$ respectively.

Show that $AB$ bisects angle $MAN$.
2 replies
hyperspace.rulz
Jul 5, 2012
lchserious
Jul 5, 2012
Angle Bisections with Midpoints
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: Australian Mathematical Olympiad 2012
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hyperspace.rulz
287 posts
#1 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Two circles $C_1$ and $C_2$ intersect at $A$ and $B$. The common tangent of $C_1$ and $C_2$ that is close to $B$ than $A$ meets $C_1$ at $P$ and $C_2$ at $Q$. $QB$ extended meets $C_1$ at $S$ and $PB$ extended meets $C_2$ at $R$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of $PS$ and $QR$ respectively.

Show that $AB$ bisects angle $MAN$.
Z K Y
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Aluminum
74 posts
#2 • 3 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247, and 1 other user
hyperspace.rulz wrote:
Two circles $C_1$ and $C_2$ intersect at $A$ and $B$. The common tangent of $C_1$ and $C_2$ that is close to $B$ than $A$ meets $C_1$ at $P$ and $C_2$ at $Q$. $QB$ extended meets $C_1$ at $S$ and $PB$ extended meets $C_2$ at $R$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of $PS$ and $QR$ respectively.

Show that $AB$ bisects angle $MAN$.

Let $T=AB\cap PQ$, then $PT=TQ$, therefore $TM \parallel SQ$ and $TN \parallel PR$. $\angle PMT=\angle PSQ=\angle MAT \Rightarrow PMAT$ concyclic. Similarly, $TANQ$ concyclic. Then $\angle MAB=\angle PMT+\angle PTM=\angle PSQ+\angle PQS=\angle RPQ+\angle PRQ$$=\angle NAB$. Therefore $AB$ bisects $\angle MAN$.
Z K Y
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lchserious
80 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
$\angle QPA= \angle PSA$ and $\angle PSA= \angle RBA= \angle RQA$. Similarly $\angle AQP= \angle ARQ= \angle APS$.
Therefore $ASP$, $APQ$ and $AQR$ are three similar triangles, and $AM,AB,AN$ are their respective medians. The result follows.
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
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