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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
[list][*]May 9th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, Casework 2: Overwhelming Evidence — A Text Adventure, a game where participants will work together to navigate the map, solve puzzles, and win! All are welcome.
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[*]May 20th, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 1 Math Jam, Problems 1 to 4, join the Canada/USA Mathcamp staff for this exciting Math Jam, where they discuss solutions to Problems 1 to 4 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz!
[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Simple inequality
sqing   21
N an hour ago by Bexultan
Source: JBMO 2011 Shortlist A3
$\boxed{\text{A3}}$If $a,b$ be positive real numbers, show that:$$ \displaystyle{\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2+ab+b^2}{3}}+\sqrt{ab}\leq a+b}$$
21 replies
sqing
May 15, 2016
Bexultan
an hour ago
Primes p such that p and p^2+2p-8 are primes too
mhet49   44
N an hour ago by MITDragon
Source: Albanian National Math Olympiad 2012
Find all primes $p$ such that $p+2$ and $p^2+2p-8$ are also primes.
44 replies
mhet49
Apr 1, 2012
MITDragon
an hour ago
Integer polynomial w factorials
Solilin   1
N an hour ago by Tkn
Source: 9th Thailand MO
Let $a_1, a_2, ..., a_{2012}$ be pairwise distinct integers. Show that the equation $(x -a_1)(x - a_2)...(x - a_{2012}) = (1006!)^2$ has at most one integral solution.
1 reply
Solilin
Yesterday at 2:12 PM
Tkn
an hour ago
Combo NT
a_507_bc   4
N an hour ago by Namura
Source: Silk Road 2024 P1
Let $n$ be a positive integer and let $p, q>n$ be odd primes. Prove that the positive integers $1, 2, \ldots, n$ can be colored in $2$ colors, such that for any $x \neq y$ of the same color, $xy-1$ is not divisible by $p$ and $q$.
4 replies
a_507_bc
Oct 20, 2024
Namura
an hour ago
Old hard problem
ItzsleepyXD   2
N 2 hours ago by ItzsleepyXD
Source: IDK
Let $ABC$ be a triangle and let $O$ be its circumcenter and $I$ its incenter.
Let $P$ be the radical center of its three mixtilinears and let $Q$ be the isogonal conjugate of $P$.
Let $G$ be the Gergonne point of the triangle $ABC$.
Prove that line $QG$ is parallel with line $OI$ .
2 replies
ItzsleepyXD
Apr 25, 2025
ItzsleepyXD
2 hours ago
Polynomial Factors
somebodyyouusedtoknow   1
N 2 hours ago by luutrongphuc
Source: San Diego Honors Math Contest 2025 Part II, Problem 2
Let $P(x)$ be a polynomial with real coefficients such that $P(x^n) \mid P(x^{n+1})$ for all $n \in \mathbb{N}$. Prove that $P(x) = cx^k$ for some real constant $c$ and $k \in \mathbb{N}$.
1 reply
somebodyyouusedtoknow
Apr 26, 2025
luutrongphuc
2 hours ago
Geometry
Lukariman   9
N 3 hours ago by lbh_qys
Given circle (O) and point P outside (O). From P draw tangents PA and PB to (O) with contact points A, B. On the opposite ray of ray BP, take point M. The circle circumscribing triangle APM intersects (O) at the second point D. Let H be the projection of B on AM. Prove that $\angle HDM$ = 2∠AMP.
9 replies
Lukariman
Tuesday at 12:43 PM
lbh_qys
3 hours ago
I need the technique
DievilOnlyM   15
N 4 hours ago by sqing
Let a,b,c be real numbers such that: $ab+7bc+ca=188$.
FInd the minimum value of: $5a^2+11b^2+5c^2$
15 replies
DievilOnlyM
May 23, 2019
sqing
4 hours ago
Linear colorings mod 2^n
vincentwant   1
N 4 hours ago by vincentwant
Let $n$ be a positive integer. The ordered pairs $(x,y)$ where $x,y$ are integers in $[0,2^n)$ are each labeled with a positive integer less than or equal to $2^n$ such that every label is used exactly $2^n$ times and there exist integers $a_1,a_2,\dots,a_{2^n}$ and $b_1,b_2,\dots,b_{2^n}$ such that the following property holds: For any two lattice points $(x_1,y_1)$ and $(x_2,y_2)$ that are both labeled $t$, there exists an integer $k$ such that $x_2-x_1-ka_t$ and $y_2-y_1-kb_t$ are both divisible by $2^n$. How many such labelings exist?
1 reply
vincentwant
Apr 30, 2025
vincentwant
4 hours ago
sqrt(n) or n+p (Generalized 2017 IMO/1)
vincentwant   1
N 4 hours ago by vincentwant
Let $p$ be an odd prime. Define $f(n)$ over the positive integers as follows:
$$f(n)=\begin{cases}
\sqrt{n}&\text{ if n is a perfect square} \\
n+p&\text{ otherwise}
\end{cases}$$
Let $p$ be chosen such that there exists an ordered pair of positive integers $(n,k)$ where $n>1,p\nmid n$ such that $f^k(n)=n$. Prove that there exists at least three integers $i$ such that $1\leq i\leq k$ and $f^i(n)$ is a perfect square.
1 reply
vincentwant
Apr 30, 2025
vincentwant
4 hours ago
Flight between cities
USJL   5
N 4 hours ago by Photaesthesia
Source: 2025 Taiwan TST Round 1 Mock P5
A country has 2025 cites, with some pairs of cities having bidirectional flight routes between them. For any pair of the cities, the flight route between them must be operated by one of the companies $X, Y$ or $Z$. To avoid unfairly favoring specific company, the regulation ensures that if there have three cities $A, B$ and $C$, with flight routes $A \leftrightarrow B$ and $A \leftrightarrow C$ operated by two different companies, then there must exist flight route $B \leftrightarrow C$ operated by the third company different from $A \leftrightarrow B$ and $A \leftrightarrow C$ .

Let $n_X$, $n_Y$ and $n_Z$ denote the number of flight routes operated by companies $X, Y$ and $Z$, respectively. It is known that, starting from a city, we can arrive any other city through a series of flight routes (not necessary operated by the same company). Find the minimum possible value of $\max(n_X, n_Y , n_Z)$.

Proposed by usjl and YaWNeeT
5 replies
USJL
Mar 8, 2025
Photaesthesia
4 hours ago
A problem from Le Anh Vinh book.
minhquannguyen   0
4 hours ago
Source: LE ANH VINH, DINH HUONG BOI DUONG HOC SINH NANG KHIEU TOAN TAP 1 DAI SO
Let $n$ is a positive integer. Determine all functions $f:(1,+\infty)\to\mathbb{R}$ such that
\[f(x^{n+1}+y^{n+1})=x^nf(x)+y^nf(y),\forall x,y>1.\]
0 replies
minhquannguyen
4 hours ago
0 replies
IMO ShortList 1999, algebra problem 1
orl   42
N 5 hours ago by ihategeo_1969
Source: IMO ShortList 1999, algebra problem 1
Let $n \geq 2$ be a fixed integer. Find the least constant $C$ such the inequality

\[\sum_{i<j} x_{i}x_{j} \left(x^{2}_{i}+x^{2}_{j} \right) \leq C
\left(\sum_{i}x_{i} \right)^4\]

holds for any $x_{1}, \ldots ,x_{n} \geq 0$ (the sum on the left consists of $\binom{n}{2}$ summands). For this constant $C$, characterize the instances of equality.
42 replies
orl
Nov 13, 2004
ihategeo_1969
5 hours ago
q(x) to be the product of all primes less than p(x)
orl   19
N 5 hours ago by ihategeo_1969
Source: IMO Shortlist 1995, S3
For an integer $x \geq 1$, let $p(x)$ be the least prime that does not divide $x$, and define $q(x)$ to be the product of all primes less than $p(x)$. In particular, $p(1) = 2.$ For $x$ having $p(x) = 2$, define $q(x) = 1$. Consider the sequence $x_0, x_1, x_2, \ldots$ defined by $x_0 = 1$ and \[ x_{n+1} = \frac{x_n p(x_n)}{q(x_n)} \] for $n \geq 0$. Find all $n$ such that $x_n = 1995$.
19 replies
orl
Aug 10, 2008
ihategeo_1969
5 hours ago
Equals to Half the Perimeter of a triangle
Konigsberg   5
N May 27, 2022 by Mogmog8
Source: MOP 2005 Homework - Red Group #17
Let $M$ be the midpoint of side $BC$ of triangle $ABC$ ($AB>AC$), and let $AL$ be the bisector of the angle $A$. The line passing through $M$ perpendicular to $AL$ intersects the side $AB$ at the point $D$. Prove that $AD+MC$ is equal to half the perimeter of triangle $ABC$.
5 replies
Konigsberg
May 6, 2014
Mogmog8
May 27, 2022
Equals to Half the Perimeter of a triangle
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: MOP 2005 Homework - Red Group #17
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Konigsberg
2224 posts
#1 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let $M$ be the midpoint of side $BC$ of triangle $ABC$ ($AB>AC$), and let $AL$ be the bisector of the angle $A$. The line passing through $M$ perpendicular to $AL$ intersects the side $AB$ at the point $D$. Prove that $AD+MC$ is equal to half the perimeter of triangle $ABC$.
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frill
316 posts
#2 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Note that $MC=\frac{1}{2}AB$ so we need to prove that $AD=\frac{1}{2}\left(BC+CA\right)$. Now if we define the point $D'$ as the point on side $AB$ such that $AD'=\frac{1}{2}\left(AB+CA\right)$ (and hence $D'B=\frac{1}{2}\left(AB-CA\right)$) then we wish to prove that $D=D'$ i.e. that $D'M\perp AL$. Thus we wish to prove that $\angle{AD'M}=90-\angle{LAD'}=90-\frac{1}{2}\angle{CAB}$.

Define $E$ as the point such that $D'$ is the midpoint of $BE$. Then $D'M\parallel EC$ ($D'$ midpoint of $BE$, $M$ midpoint of $BC$). Thus we wish to prove that $\angle{AEC}=90-\frac{1}{2}\angle{CAB}$.

Now $BE=2BD'=AB-CA$ so $AE=AB-\left(AB-CA\right)=CA$ hence $\triangle{AEC}$ is isosceles.

Thus, $\angle{AEC}=\frac{1}{2}\left(180-\angle{CAB}\right)=90-\frac{1}{2}\angle{CAB}$ as required.
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jayme
9792 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Dear Mathlinkers,
another proof consist to think to the Simson's line.... which will avoid all calculation.
Who want to consider this idea?
Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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jayme
9792 posts
#4 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Dear Mathlinkers,

http://jl.ayme.pagesperso-orange.fr/Docs/Highway%20to%20Geometry%201.pdf p. 45...

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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PROF65
2016 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let the perpendiculars to $AL$ through $B,C$ cut resp. $AC,AB$ at $B',C'$ it s clear that $ABB',ACC'$ are isoceles and $BC\parallel B'C' \parallel DE$ where $E$ is the second intersection with $AC$ .Since $DE$ pass through the midpoint of $BC$ then $D,E$ are the midpoints of $BC',CB'$ hence $2AD=AB+AC'=AB+AC$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by PROF65, Oct 3, 2018, 11:06 AM
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Mogmog8
1080 posts
#6 • 1 Y
Y by centslordm
Let $E$ be the reflection of $D$ in $\overline{AL}.$ Then, by LoS and $\triangle AED$ isosceles, $$BD=\frac{BM\sin\angle DMB}{\sin\angle BDM}=\frac{CM\sin\angle EMC}{\sin\angle AED}=CE.$$Hence, $$AB-AD=AD-AC\implies AD=\frac{AB+AC}{2}.$$$\square$
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