an easy geo from Iran

by achilles04, Mar 2, 2015, 10:41 AM

Thanks utkarsh for making me a contributor. :)
here is a problem from Iranian geometry olympiad. It's an easy one and really demonstrates the power of radical axis. In the last part I used coordinates as I was feeling too lazy to use my brain but I think there are several other ways to do it.

Sorry for the edit but couldn't really resist :P
Nice proof
My proof (second one) demonstrates angle chasing can be used where lots of angles are given :)



Problem:
Question
$ABC$ is a triangle with $\angle BAC=90^{\circ}$ and $\angle ACB=30^{\circ}$. Let $M_1$ be the midpoint of $BC$. Let $W$ be a circle passing through $A$ tangent in $M_1$ to $BC$. Let $P$ be the circumcircle of $ABC$. $W$ is intersecting $AC$ in $N$ and $P$ in $M$. Prove that $MN$ is perpendicular to $BC$.

Solution 1 (Radical Axis)(Achilles04):

Let $O_1$ be the center of $P$ and $O_2$ be that of $W$.
Here we see that $AB=BC/2=BO_1$ ( as $\angle ABC=60$ and $AC \perp AB$) so $AB$ is tangent to $W$. Moreover $ CA \perp AB $. So $O_2$ lies on $W$. This shows that $ \angle NMA =90$ as $AN$ is the diameter of $W$. Also we see that $AM$ is the radical axis of the two circles. Now if we prove that $AM \parallel BC $ then we are done. This is easy to prove. For this I used coordinate...
Let $AC$ be the $y-axis $ $AB$ be the $x-axis$ let $B=(c, 0), C=(0, b)=(0, \sqrt{3} c) $. So we find that equation of $W$ is $x^2+y^2- \frac{2\sqrt{3} c}{3}y=0 \implies S_1$ and that of $P$ is $x^2+y^2-cx- \sqrt{3} cy=0 \implies S_2$, so equation of radical axis $S_1-S_2$ we find the slope of this radical axis and see that it is equal to $- \sqrt{3}=$ slope of $BC$. This proves that $AM \parallel BC$ or $MN \perp BC$

Solution 2 (Angle Chasing)(utkarshgupta) :

$\angle M_1MA = \angle ABM_1B = 60$ ($BC$ is tangent to $W$)
But since $MM_1 = AM_1$ = Radius of $P$
$\implies AMM_1$ is equilateral
$\implies ANM = \angle AM_1M = 60$
$\implies MN$ is perpendicular to $BC$ :)
Simple and direct :)
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by utkarshgupta, Mar 2, 2015, 2:12 PM

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