Combinatorics #1
by utkarshgupta, Feb 17, 2017, 1:57 PM
JEE preps are adversely impacting my thinking ability.
So I will try and do something that I didn't even do when I was actually preparing for the olympiads
Actually think !
It's trivial I know I know...
But it was fun !
Problem (ISL 2015 C1) :
In Lineland there are
towns, arranged along a road running from left to right. Each town has a left bulldozer (put to the left of the town and facing left) and a right bulldozer (put to the right of the town and facing right). The sizes of the
bulldozers are distinct. Every time when a left and right bulldozer confront each other, the larger bulldozer pushes the smaller one off the road. On the other hand, bulldozers are quite unprotected at their rears; so, if a bulldozer reaches the rear-end of another one, the first one pushes the second one off the road, regardless of their sizes.
Let
and
be two towns, with
to the right of
. We say that town
can sweep town
away if the right bulldozer of
can move over to
pushing off all bulldozers it meets. Similarly town
can sweep town
away if the left bulldozer of
can move over to
pushing off all bulldozers of all towns on its way.
Prove that there is exactly one town that cannot be swept away by any other one.
Solution :
Let the statement be true for
.
Let the towns be labelled
from left to right and their left and right bulldozer
respectively.
Now we have to prove the statement for
towns..
Consider the rightmost town
and let some
collide with 
Then there are two cases :
derails all such
. Then obviously
is the new winner town !
If some
derails
. Then obviously since there is no other bulldozer between this point and
,
sweeps 
Since there are no bulldozers between
and
, The first
towns live unaffected by the remaining towns. And hence by inducton we are done.
So I will try and do something that I didn't even do when I was actually preparing for the olympiads

Actually think !
It's trivial I know I know...
But it was fun !
Problem (ISL 2015 C1) :
In Lineland there are


Let












Prove that there is exactly one town that cannot be swept away by any other one.
Solution :
Let the statement be true for

Let the towns be labelled


Now we have to prove the statement for

Consider the rightmost town



Then there are two cases :



If some





Since there are no bulldozers between


