Combinatorics #1

by utkarshgupta, Feb 17, 2017, 1:57 PM

JEE preps are adversely impacting my thinking ability.
So I will try and do something that I didn't even do when I was actually preparing for the olympiads :P
Actually think !
It's trivial I know I know...
But it was fun !

Problem (ISL 2015 C1) :
In Lineland there are $n\geq1$ towns, arranged along a road running from left to right. Each town has a left bulldozer (put to the left of the town and facing left) and a right bulldozer (put to the right of the town and facing right). The sizes of the $2n$ bulldozers are distinct. Every time when a left and right bulldozer confront each other, the larger bulldozer pushes the smaller one off the road. On the other hand, bulldozers are quite unprotected at their rears; so, if a bulldozer reaches the rear-end of another one, the first one pushes the second one off the road, regardless of their sizes.

Let $A$ and $B$ be two towns, with $B$ to the right of $A$. We say that town $A$ can sweep town $B$ away if the right bulldozer of $A$ can move over to $B$ pushing off all bulldozers it meets. Similarly town $B$ can sweep town $A$ away if the left bulldozer of $B$ can move over to $A$ pushing off all bulldozers of all towns on its way.

Prove that there is exactly one town that cannot be swept away by any other one.

Solution :
Let the statement be true for $k \le n$.

Let the towns be labelled $T_i$ from left to right and their left and right bulldozer $l_i,r_i$ respectively.

Now we have to prove the statement for $n+1$ towns..
Consider the rightmost town $T_{n+1}$ and let some $r_j$ collide with $l_{n+1}$

Then there are two cases :
$l_{n+1}$ derails all such $r_j$. Then obviously $T_{n+1}$ is the new winner town !

If some $r_j$ derails $l_{n+1}$. Then obviously since there is no other bulldozer between this point and $T_{n+1}$,
$r_j$ sweeps $T_{n+1}$
Since there are no bulldozers between $T_j$ and $T_{n+1}$, The first $j$ towns live unaffected by the remaining towns. And hence by inducton we are done.

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It's funny that a condensed solution is shorter than the problem itself. Nonetheless, I found it nice :)

by anantmudgal09, Feb 17, 2017, 2:10 PM

Stay insane,Coz it's your will, labour and pain,which takes you to the top of the mountain.

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  • Let's all echo what's written in the blog description - Stay Insane / 'Cause it's your labor, will and pain/ That takes you to the top of soda fountain :D

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  • INTERSTING BLOG

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  • I have no plans for this blog right now....
    No time here people !
    But lets see....
    I may try some combinatorics :P

    by utkarshgupta, Feb 15, 2017, 12:47 PM

  • Thanks for the nice blog!

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  • Revive it!!!
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