Game on board with gcd and lcm

by Assassino9931, May 2, 2025, 11:49 PM

On the board are written $n \geq 2$ positive integers with least common multiple $K$ and greatest common divisor $1$. It is known that $K$ is not a perfect square and is not among the initially written numbers. Two players $A$ and $B$ play the following game, taking turns alternatingly, with $A$ starting first. In a move the player has to write a number which has not been written so far, by taking two distinct integers $a$ and $b$ from the board and write LCM$(a,b)$ or LCM$(a,b)$/$a$. The player who writes $1$ or $K$ loses. Who has a winning strategy?

Estimate on number of progressions

by Assassino9931, May 2, 2025, 11:09 PM

Let $n$ be a positive integer. For a set $S$ of $n$ real numbers, let $f(S)$ denote the number of increasing arithmetic progressions of length at least two all of whose terms are in $S$. Prove that, if $S$ is a set of $n$ real numbers, then
\[ f(S) \leq \frac{n^2}{4} + f(\{1,2,\ldots,n\})\]

Popular children at camp with algebra and geometry

by Assassino9931, May 2, 2025, 11:07 PM

Fix an odd integer $n\geq 3$. At a maths camp, there are $n^2$ children, each of whom selects
either algebra or geometry as their favourite topic. At lunch, they sit at $n$ tables, with $n$ children
on each table, and start talking about mathematics. A child is said to be popular if their favourite
topic has a majority at their table. For dinner, the students again sit at $n$ tables, with $n$ children
on each table, such that no two children share a table at both lunch and dinner. Determine the
minimal number of young mathematicians who are popular at both mealtimes. (The minimum is across all sets of topic preferences and seating arrangements.)

Triangles in dissections

by Assassino9931, May 2, 2025, 11:05 PM

Fix an integer $n\geq 3$ and let $A_1A_2\ldots A_n$ be a convex polygon in the plane. Let $\mathcal{M}$ be the set of all midpoints $M_{i,j}$ of segments $A_iA_j$ where $i\neq j$. Assume that all of these midpoints are distinct, i.e. $\mathcal{M}$ consists of $\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$ elements. Dissect the polygon $M_{1,2}M_{2,3}\ldots M_{n,1}$ into triangles so that the following hold:

(1) The intersection of every two triangles (interior and boundary) is either empty or a common
vertex or a common side.
(2) The vertices of all triangles lie in M (not all points in M are necessarily used).
(3) Each side of every triangle is of the form $M_{i,j}M_{i,k}$ for some pairwise distinct indices $i,j,k$.

Prove that the total number of triangles in such a dissection is $3n-8$.

Tangency geo

by Assassino9931, May 2, 2025, 10:57 PM

Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $\angle ABC > 45^{\circ}$ and $\angle ACB > 45^{\circ}$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of the side $BC$. The circumcircle of triangle $ABM$ intersects the side $AC$ again at $X\neq A$ and the circumcircle of triangle $ACM$ intersects the side $AB$ again at $Y\neq A$. The point $P$ lies on the perpendicular bisector of the segment $BC$ so that the points $P$ and $A$ lie on the same side of $XY$ and $\angle XPY = 90^{\circ} + \angle BAC$. Prove that the circumcircles of triangles $BPY$ and $CPX$ are tangent.

Inequalities in real math research

by Assassino9931, May 2, 2025, 10:53 PM

For a positive integer $n$ denote $F_n(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n) = 1 + x_1 + x_1x_2 + \cdots +x_1x_2\ldots x_n$. For any real numbers $x_1\geq x_2 \geq \ldots \geq x_k \geq 0$ prove that
\[ \prod_{i=1}^k F_i(x_{k-i+1},x_{k-i+2},\ldots,x_k) \geq \prod_{i=1}^k F_i(x_i,x_i,\ldots,x_i)\]

A folklore polynomial game

by Assassino9931, May 2, 2025, 10:50 PM

Fix a positive integer $d$. Yael and Ziad play a game as follows, involving a monic polynomial of degree $2d$. With Yael going first, they take turns to choose a strictly positive real number as the value of one of the coecients of the polynomial. Once a coefficient is assigned a value, it cannot be chosen again later in the game. So the game
lasts for $2d$ rounds, until Ziad assigns the final coefficient. Yael wins if $P(x) = 0$ for some real
number $x$. Otherwise, Ziad wins. Decide who has the winning strategy.

find the radius of circumcircle!

by jennifreind, May 2, 2025, 2:12 PM

In $\triangle \rm ABC$, $  \angle \rm B$ is acute, $\rm{\overline{BC}} = 8$, and $\rm{\overline{AC}} = 3\rm{\overline{AB}}$. Let point $\rm D$ be the intersection of the tangent to the circumcircle of $\triangle \rm ABC$ at point $\rm A$ and the perpendicular bisector of segment $\rm{\overline{BC}}$. Given that $\rm{\overline{AD}} = 6$, find the radius of the circumcircle of $\triangle \rm BCD$.
https://wiki-images.artofproblemsolving.com//4/4d/%EC%95%8C%EC%A7%80%EC%98%A4%EB%A7%A4%EC%8A%A4%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%BC.png
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by jennifreind, Yesterday at 2:13 PM

IMO Shortlist Problems

by ABCD1728, May 2, 2025, 12:44 PM

Where can I get the official solution for ISL before 2005? The official website only has solutions after 2006. Thanks :)

2^x+3^x = yx^2

by truongphatt2668, Apr 22, 2025, 3:38 PM

Prove that the following equation has infinite integer solutions:
$$2^x+3^x = yx^2$$

Fun with math!

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aoum
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  • If you leave a comment on one of my posts—especially older ones—I might not see it right away.

    by aoum, 2 hours ago

  • Thank you, HacheB2031. :) I want no further discussion of AI-generated content in the shout-box.

    by aoum, Yesterday at 12:43 AM

  • why would aoum use ai in his or her blog, he or she seems like a nice person :(

    by HacheB2031, Thursday at 3:15 AM

  • Any unfounded allegations regarding AI-generated content violate Pi in the Sky blog standards. Continued infractions will result in disciplinary action, including bans, in accordance with platform guidelines. This is a formal warning.

    by aoum, Apr 27, 2025, 11:19 PM

  • It would be rude to call this AI-generated if it was not. But I find the title (in blog post), organization, and general word choices very suspicious

    by RubixMaster21, Apr 27, 2025, 1:25 AM

  • um this does seem slightly similar to ai

    by electric_pi, Apr 21, 2025, 11:24 PM

  • 100 posts!

    by aoum, Apr 21, 2025, 9:11 PM

  • Very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very very cool (The maximum of the factorial machine is 7228!

    by Coin1, Apr 21, 2025, 4:44 AM

  • cool blog and good content but it looks eerily similar to chatgpt

    by SirAppel, Apr 17, 2025, 1:28 AM

  • 1,000 views!

    by aoum, Apr 17, 2025, 12:25 AM

  • Excellent blog. Contribute?

    by zhenghua, Apr 10, 2025, 1:27 AM

  • Are you asking to contribute or to be notified whenever a post is published?

    by aoum, Apr 10, 2025, 12:20 AM

  • nice blog! love the dedication c:
    can i have contrib to be notified whenever you post?

    by akliu, Apr 10, 2025, 12:08 AM

  • WOAH I JUST CAME HERE, CSS IS CRAZY

    by HacheB2031, Apr 8, 2025, 5:05 AM

  • Thanks! I'm happy to hear that! How is the new CSS? If you don't like it, I can go back.

    by aoum, Apr 8, 2025, 12:42 AM

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