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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Nice sequence problem.
mathlover1231   1
N 5 minutes ago by vgtcross
Source: Own
Scientists found a new species of bird called “N-coloured rainbow”. They also found out 3 interesting facts about the bird’s life: 1) every day, N-coloured rainbow is coloured in one of N colors.
2) every day, the color is different from yesterday (not every previous day, just yesterday).
3) there are no four days i, j, k, l in the bird’s life such that i<j<k<l with colours a, b, c, d respectively for which a=c ≠ b=d.
Find the greatest possible age (in days) of this bird as a function of N.
1 reply
mathlover1231
Apr 10, 2025
vgtcross
5 minutes ago
Three circles are concurrent
Twoisaprime   23
N 24 minutes ago by Curious_Droid
Source: RMM 2025 P5
Let triangle $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AB<AC$ and let $H$ and $O$ be its orthocenter and circumcenter, respectively. Let $\Gamma$ be the circle $BOC$. The line $AO$ and the circle of radius $AO$ centered at $A$ cross $\Gamma$ at $A’$ and $F$, respectively. Prove that $\Gamma$ , the circle on diameter $AA’$ and circle $AFH$ are concurrent.
Proposed by Romania, Radu-Andrew Lecoiu
23 replies
Twoisaprime
Feb 13, 2025
Curious_Droid
24 minutes ago
|a_i/a_j - a_k/a_l| <= C
mathwizard888   32
N 35 minutes ago by ezpotd
Source: 2016 IMO Shortlist A2
Find the smallest constant $C > 0$ for which the following statement holds: among any five positive real numbers $a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5$ (not necessarily distinct), one can always choose distinct subscripts $i,j,k,l$ such that
\[ \left| \frac{a_i}{a_j} - \frac {a_k}{a_l} \right| \le C. \]
32 replies
mathwizard888
Jul 19, 2017
ezpotd
35 minutes ago
Two lines meeting on circumcircle
Zhero   54
N an hour ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: ELMO Shortlist 2010, G4; also ELMO #6
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with circumcircle $\omega$, incenter $I$, and $A$-excenter $I_A$. Let the incircle and the $A$-excircle hit $BC$ at $D$ and $E$, respectively, and let $M$ be the midpoint of arc $BC$ without $A$. Consider the circle tangent to $BC$ at $D$ and arc $BAC$ at $T$. If $TI$ intersects $\omega$ again at $S$, prove that $SI_A$ and $ME$ meet on $\omega$.

Amol Aggarwal.
54 replies
Zhero
Jul 5, 2012
Ilikeminecraft
an hour ago
Help me this problem. Thank you
illybest   3
N an hour ago by jasperE3
Find f: R->R such that
f( xy + f(z) ) = (( xf(y) + yf(x) )/2) + z
3 replies
illybest
Today at 11:05 AM
jasperE3
an hour ago
line JK of intersection points of 2 lines passes through the midpoint of BC
parmenides51   4
N 2 hours ago by reni_wee
Source: Rioplatense Olympiad 2018 level 3 p4
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AC> AB$. be $\Gamma$ the circumcircle circumscribed to the triangle $ABC$ and $D$ the midpoint of the smallest arc $BC$ of this circle. Let $E$ and $F$ points of the segments $AB$ and $AC$ respectively such that $AE = AF$. Let $P \neq A$ be the second intersection point of the circumcircle circumscribed to $AEF$ with $\Gamma$. Let $G$ and $H$ be the intersections of lines $PE$ and $PF$ with $\Gamma$ other than $P$, respectively. Let $J$ and $K$ be the intersection points of lines $DG$ and $DH$ with lines $AB$ and $AC$ respectively. Show that the $JK$ line passes through the midpoint of $BC$
4 replies
parmenides51
Dec 11, 2018
reni_wee
2 hours ago
AGM Problem(Turkey JBMO TST 2025)
HeshTarg   3
N 2 hours ago by ehuseyinyigit
Source: Turkey JBMO TST Problem 6
Given that $x, y, z > 1$ are real numbers, find the smallest possible value of the expression:
$\frac{x^3 + 1}{(y-1)(z+1)} + \frac{y^3 + 1}{(z-1)(x+1)} + \frac{z^3 + 1}{(x-1)(y+1)}$
3 replies
HeshTarg
3 hours ago
ehuseyinyigit
2 hours ago
Shortest number theory you might've seen in your life
AlperenINAN   8
N 2 hours ago by HeshTarg
Source: Turkey JBMO TST 2025 P4
Let $p$ and $q$ be prime numbers. Prove that if $pq(p+1)(q+1)+1$ is a perfect square, then $pq + 1$ is also a perfect square.
8 replies
AlperenINAN
Yesterday at 7:51 PM
HeshTarg
2 hours ago
Squeezing Between Perfect Squares and Modular Arithmetic(JBMO TST Turkey 2025)
HeshTarg   3
N 2 hours ago by BrilliantScorpion85
Source: Turkey JBMO TST Problem 4
If $p$ and $q$ are primes and $pq(p+1)(q+1)+1$ is a perfect square, prove that $pq+1$ is a perfect square.
3 replies
HeshTarg
3 hours ago
BrilliantScorpion85
2 hours ago
A bit too easy for P2(Turkey 2025 JBMO TST)
HeshTarg   0
2 hours ago
Source: Turkey 2025 JBMO TST P2
Let $n$ be a positive integer. Aslı and Zehra are playing a game on an $n \times n$ chessboard. Initially, $10n^2$ stones are placed on the squares of the board. In each move, Aslı chooses a row or a column; Zehra chooses a row or a column. The number of stones in each square of the chosen row or column must change such that the difference between the number of stones in a square with the most stones and a square with the fewest stones in that same row or column is at most 1. For which values of $n$ can Aslı guarantee that after a finite number of moves, all squares on the board will have an equal number of stones, regardless of the initial distribution?
0 replies
HeshTarg
2 hours ago
0 replies
D1030 : An inequalitie
Dattier   0
2 hours ago
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Let $0<a<b<c<d$ reals, and $n \in \mathbb N^*$.

Is it true that $a^n(b-a)+b^n(c-b)+c^n(d-c) \leq \dfrac {d^{n+1}}{n+1}$ ?
0 replies
Dattier
2 hours ago
0 replies
Long and wacky inequality
Royal_mhyasd   0
3 hours ago
Source: Me
Let $x, y, z$ be positive real numbers such that $x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 12$. Find the minimum value of the following sum :
$$\sum_{cyc}\frac{(x^3+2y)^3}{3x^2yz - 16z - 8yz + 6x^2z}$$knowing that the denominators are positive real numbers.
0 replies
Royal_mhyasd
3 hours ago
0 replies
Vietnamese national Olympiad 2007, problem 4
hien   16
N 3 hours ago by de-Kirschbaum
Given a regular 2007-gon. Find the minimal number $k$ such that: Among every $k$ vertexes of the polygon, there always exists 4 vertexes forming a convex quadrilateral such that 3 sides of the quadrilateral are also sides of the polygon.
16 replies
hien
Feb 8, 2007
de-Kirschbaum
3 hours ago
2n^2+4n-1 and 3n+4 have common powers
bin_sherlo   4
N 3 hours ago by CM1910
Source: Türkiye 2025 JBMO TST P5
Find all positive integers $n$ such that a positive integer power of $2n^2+4n-1$ equals to a positive integer power of $3n+4$.
4 replies
bin_sherlo
Yesterday at 7:13 PM
CM1910
3 hours ago
symmedian in two circles
dan23   7
N Jan 2, 2022 by Mahdi_Mashayekhi
Source: Iran second round- 2013- P4
Let $P$ be a point out of circle $C$. Let $PA$ and $PB$ be the tangents to the circle drawn from $C$. Choose a point $K$ on $AB$ . Suppose that the circumcircle of triangle $PBK$ intersects $C$ again at $T$. Let ${P}'$ be the reflection of $P$ with respect to $A$. Prove that
\[ \angle PBT = \angle {P}'KA \]
7 replies
dan23
May 4, 2013
Mahdi_Mashayekhi
Jan 2, 2022
symmedian in two circles
G H J
Source: Iran second round- 2013- P4
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dan23
32 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247, Rounak_iitr
Let $P$ be a point out of circle $C$. Let $PA$ and $PB$ be the tangents to the circle drawn from $C$. Choose a point $K$ on $AB$ . Suppose that the circumcircle of triangle $PBK$ intersects $C$ again at $T$. Let ${P}'$ be the reflection of $P$ with respect to $A$. Prove that
\[ \angle PBT = \angle {P}'KA \]
This post has been edited 5 times. Last edited by dan23, May 25, 2013, 5:07 PM
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duanby
76 posts
#2 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
my solution (may be it is complicated):
Let K' on AB AK'=BK
Let K'' on line AB,AK''=AK'
Then we have $\angle{P'K''K}=\angle{PTB}$
So need to prove P'K''K similar to PTB
sufficient to provePK''/KK''=PT/TB
that is PK/AB=PT/TB
by PTK simialr to BTA
done.
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leader
339 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by thunderz28, Adventure10
$PTB\sim TKA$ so $PT/TK=PB/KA=AP'/AK$ so $P'AK\sim PTK$ done.
Z K Y
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sco0orpiOn
76 posts
#4 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
we need to prove that $AT$ is parallel to $PK$ and because $A$ is midpoint of $PP'$ then we need to prove that $AT$ goes through midpoint of $PK$ so now let $AT$ intersect $PK$ at $L$ then we have $ \angle LKT= \angle PBT= \angle TAK \Rightarrow LK^2=LT.LA$
in same way we can prove that $LP^2=LT.LA $ so now $LP=LK$ and we are done
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alirezaaghaee
1 post
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
lemma:suppose a tiangle ABC and point T on the BC. so we would have: BT/CT=(sin(BAT)*BA)/(sin(CAT)*CA)

in the triangle AKP , continue the line AT to meet PK at the point S.since the PTKB is embedded in a circle we will easily find it out that $\angle  TPK=\angle TAP $ and $\angle TKP = \angle KAT $
now use the lemma in two triangles $%Error. "triagles" is a bad command.
AKP $ and $%Error. "triagles" is a bad command.
TKP $ for the point S and we will prove that SP=PK.
so the two lines AT and kp' are parallel and $\angle P'KA=\angle KAT =\angle TBP$
and we are done
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PRO2000
239 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
First , $AT \cap \circ BKP$ =$ {X} $ where $X$ is distinct from $T$ and also let $AT \cap KP=Z$. By an angle chase $AKXP$ is a $||^{gm}$.Diagonals of a $||^{gm}$ bisect each other and $P{P}'$ is bisected at $A$. So , $ZA || K{P}'$ which (again after an angle chase) yields us \[ \angle PBT = \angle {P}'KA \]
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rafaello
1079 posts
#8
Y by
Restated Iran Second Round 2013 P4 wrote:
Let $P$ be a point out of circle $\omega$. Let $PA$ and $PB$ be the tangents to the circle drawn from $C$. Choose a point $C$ on $AB$ . Suppose that the circumcircle of triangle $PBC$ intersects $\omega$ again at $K$. Let $Q$ be the reflection of $P$ with respect to $A$. Prove that
\[ \angle DBP = \angle QCA \]

Angle chase.
$$\measuredangle PAD=\measuredangle ABD=\measuredangle CBD=\measuredangle CPD$$and $$\measuredangle DAC=\measuredangle DAB=\measuredangle DBP=\measuredangle DCP.$$
By this, we conclude that $D$ is the $A$-Humpty point of $\triangle APC$.
By Humpty properties, we have $AD$ bisecting $PC$, hence $AD\parallel CQ$.
Thus, $$\measuredangle DBP=\measuredangle DAB=\measuredangle DAC=\measuredangle QCA$$
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Mahdi_Mashayekhi
695 posts
#9
Y by
step 1: TAK and TBP are similar.
well easy to see ∠TAK = ∠PBT and ∠TKA = ∠TPB.

step 2: AP'K and TBA are similar.
from step1 we have AT/AK = BT/BP = BT/AP = BT/AP' and ∠P'AK = 180 - ∠BAP = 180 - ∠ABP = ∠KTP = ∠ATB.

now from step2 we have ∠P'KA = ∠BAT = ∠PBK.
we're Done.
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