Congratulations to the USA team for placing 1st at the 65th IMO that took place in Bath, United Kingdom.

The team members were:

Jordan Lefkowitz
Krishna Pothapragada
Jessica Wan
Alexander Wang
Qiao Zhang
Linus Tang

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Me (PatTheKing806) and EaZ_Shadow have created a AMC 10/AIME Study Forum! Hopefully, this forum wont die quickly. To signup, do /join or \join.

Click here to join! (or do some pushups) :P

People should join this forum if they are wanting to do well on the AMC 10 next year, trying get into AIME, or loves math!

I wondered if those who qualified got an email from MAA and Citadel Securities that they'd be sending out shirts. I filled out the form before the deadline but haven't received the shirt or any confirmation that it is being sent. Does anybody have theirs yet?

Practice AMC 12A

1. Find the sum of the infinite geometric series 1/2 + 7/36 + 49/648 + …
A - 18/11, B - 9/22, C - 9/11, D - 18/7, E - 9/14

2. What is the first digit after the decimal point in the square root of 420?
A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5

3. Two circles with radiuses 47 and 96 intersect at two points A and B. Let P be the point 82% of the way from A to B. A line is drawn through P that intersects both circles twice. Let the four intersection points, from left to right be W, X, Y, and Z. Find (PW/PX)*(PY/PZ).
A - 50/5863, B - 47/96, C - 1, D - 96/47, E - 5863/50

4. What is the largest positive integer that cannot be expressed in the form 6a + 9b + 4c + 20d, where a, b, c, and d are positive integers?
A - 29, B - 38, C - 43, D - 76, E - 82

5. What is the absolute difference of the probabilities of getting at least 6/10 on a 10-question true or false test and at least 3/5 on a 5-question true or false test?
A - 63/1024, B - 63/512, C - 63/256, D - 63/128, E - 0

6. How many arrangements of the letters in the word “ginger” are there such that the two vowels have an even number of letters (remember 0 is even) between them (including the original “ginger”)?
A - 72, B - 108, C - 144, D - 216, E - 432

7. After opening his final exam, Jason does not know how to solve a single question. So he decides to pull out his phone and search up the answers. Doing this, Jason has a success rate of anywhere from 94-100% for any given question he uses his phone on. However, if the teacher sees his phone at any point during the test, then Jason gets a 0.5 multiplier on his final test score, as well as he must finish the rest of the test questions without his phone. (Assume Jason uses his phone on every question he does until he finishes the test or gets caught.) Every question is a 5-choice multiple choice question. Jason has a 90% chance of not being caught with his phone. What is the expected value of Jason’s test score, rounded to the nearest tenth of a percent?
A - 89.9%, B - 90.0%, C - 90.1%, D - 90.2%, E - 90.3%

8. A criminal is caught by a police officer. Due to a lack of cooperation, the officer calls in a second officer so they can start the arrest smoothly. Officer 1 takes 26:18 to arrest a criminal, and officer 2 takes 13:09 to arrest a criminal. With these two police officers working together, how long should the arrest take?
A - 4:23, B - 5:26, C - 8:46, D - 17:32, E - 19:44

9. Statistics show that people in Memphis who eat at KFC n days a week have a (1/10)(n+2) chance of liking kool-aid, and the number of people who eat at KFC n days a week is directly proportional to 8 - n (Note that n can only be an integer from 0 to 7, inclusive). A random person in Memphis is selected. Find the probability that they like kool-aid.
A - 13/30, B - 17/30, C - 19/30, D - 23/30, E - 29/30

10 (Main). PM me for problem (I copied over this problem from the 10A but just found out a “sheriff” removed it for some reason so I don’t want to take any risks)
A - 51, B - 52, C - 53, D - 54, E - 55

10 (Alternate). Suppose that on the coordinate grid, the x-axis represents economic freedom, and the y-axis represents social freedom, where -1 <= x, y <= 1 and a higher number for either coordinate represents more freedom along that particular axis. Accordingly, the points (0, 0), (1, 1), (-1, 1), (-1, -1), and (1, -1) represent democracy, anarchy, socialism, communism, and fascism, respectively. A country is classified as whichever point it is closest to. Suppose a theoretical new country is selected by picking a random point within the square bounded by anarchy, socialism, communism, and fascism as its vertices. What is the probability that it is fascist?
A - 1 - (1/4)pi, B - 1/5, C - (1/16)pi, D - 1/4, E - 1/8

11. Two congruent towers stand near each other. Both take the shape of a right rectangular prism. A plane that cuts both towers into two pieces passes through the vertical axes of symmetry of both towers and does not cross the floor or roof of either tower. Let the point that the plane crosses the axis of symmetry of the first tower be A, and the point that the plane crosses the axis of symmetry of the second tower be B. A is 81% of the way from the floor to the roof of the first tower, and B is 69% of the way from the floor to the roof of the second tower. What percent of the total mass of both towers combined is above the plane?
A - 19%, B - 25%, C - 50%, D - 75%, E - 81%

12. On an analog clock, the minute hand makes one full revolution every hour, and the hour hand makes one full revolution every 12 hours. Both hands move at a constant rate. During which of the following time periods does the minute hand pass the hour hand?
A - 7:35 - 7:36, B - 7:36 - 7:37, C - 7:37 - 7:38, D - 7:38 - 7:39, E - 7:39 - 7:40

13. How many axes of symmetry does the graph of (x^2)(y^2) = 69 have?
A - 2, B - 3, C - 4, D - 5, E - 6

14. Let f(n) be the sum of the positive integer divisors of n. Find the sum of the digits of the smallest odd positive integer n such that f(n) is greater than 2n.
A - 15, B - 18, C - 21, D - 24, E - 27

15. A basketball has a diameter of 9 inches, and the hoop has a diameter of 18 inches. Peter decides to pick up the basketball and make a throw. Given that Peter has a 1/4 chance of accidentally hitting the backboard and missing the shot, but if he doesn’t, he is guaranteed that the frontmost point of the basketball will be within 18 inches of the center of the hoop at the moment when a great circle of the basketball crosses the plane containing the rim. No part of the ball will extend behind the backboard at any point during the throw, and the rim is attached directly to the backboard. What is the probability that Peter makes a green FN?
A - 3/128, B - 3/64, C - 3/32, D - 3/16, E - 3/8

16. Martin decides to rob 6 packages of Kool-Aid from a store. At the store, they have 5 packages each of 5 different flavors of Kool-Aid. How many different combinations of Kool-Aid could Martin rob?
A - 180, B - 185, C - 195, D - 205, E - 210

17. Find the area of a cyclic quadrilateral with side lengths 6, 9, 4, and 2, rounded to the nearest integer.
A - 16, B - 19, C - 22, D - 25, E - 28

18. Find the slope of the line tangent to the graph of y = x^2 + x + 1 at the point (2, 7).
A - 2, B - 3, C - 4, D - 5, E - 6

19. Suppose that the strength of a protest is measured in “effectiveness points”. Malcolm gathers 2048 people for a protest. During the first hour of the protest, all 2048 people protest with an effectiveness of 1 point per person. At the start of each hour of the protest after the first, half of the protestors will leave, but the ones remaining will gain one effectiveness point per person. For example, that means that during the second hour, there will be 1024 people protesting at 2 effectiveness points each, during the third hour, there will be 512 people protesting at 3 effectiveness points each, and so on. The protest will conclude at the end of the twelfth hour. After the protest is over, how many effectiveness points did it earn in total?
A - 8142, B - 8155, C - 8162, D - 8169, E - 8178

20. Find the sum of all positive integers n greater than 1 and less than 16 such that (n-1)! + 1 is divisible by n.
A - 41, B - 44, C - 47, D - 50, E - 53

21. Scientific research suggests that Stokely Carmichael had an IQ of 30. Given that IQ ranges from 1 to 200, inclusive, goes in integer increments, and the chance of having an IQ of n is proportional to n if n <= 100 and to 201 - n if n >= 101, what is the sum of the numerator and denominator of the probability that a random person is smarter than Stokely Carmichael, when expressed as a common fraction in lowest terms?
A - 1927, B - 2020, C - 2025, D - 3947, E - 3952

22. In Alabama, Jim Crow laws apply to anyone who has any positive amount of Jim Crow ancestry, no matter how small the fraction, as long as it is greater than zero. In a small town in Alabama, there were initially 9 Non-Jim Crows and 3 Jim Crows. Denote this group to be the first generation. Then those 12 people would randomly get into 6 pairs and reproduce, making the second generation, consisting of 6 people. Then the process repeats for the second generation, where they get into 3 pairs. Of the 3 people in the third generation, what is the probability that exactly one of them is Non-Jim Crow?
A - 8/27, B - 1/3, C - 52/135, D - 11/27, E - 58/135

23. Goodman, Chaney, and Schwerner each start at the point (0, 0). Assume the coordinate axes are in miles. At t = 0, Goodman starts walking along the x-axis in the positive x direction at 0.6 miles per hour, Chaney starts walking along the y-axis in the positive y direction at 0.8 miles per hour, and Schwerner starts walking along the x-axis in the negative x direction at 0.4 miles per hour. However, a clan that does not like them patrols the circumference of the circle x^2 + y^2 = 1. Three knights of the clan, equally spaced apart on the circumference of the circle, walk counterclockwise along its circumference and make one revolution every hour. At t = 0, one of the knights of the clan is at (1, 0). Any of Goodman, Chaney, and Schwerner will be caught by the clan if they walk within 50 meters of one of their 3 knights. How many of the three will be caught by the clan?
A - 0, B - 1, C - 2, D - 3, E - Not enough info to determine

24.
A list of 9 positive integers consists of 100, 112, 122, 142, 152, and 160, as well as a, b, and c, with a <= b <= c. The range of the list is 70, both the mean and median are multiples of 10, and the list has a unique mode. How many ordered triples (a, b, c) are possible?
A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4, E - 5

25. What is the integer closest to the value of tan(83)? (The 83 is in degrees)
A - 2, B - 3, C - 4, D - 6, E - 8

Find all functions that satisfy for all

and satisfies the following recursion formulas: , and . Find and

Let be a triangle, and let and be points on segment symmetric with respect to the midpoint of . Let denote the circle passing through and tangent to line at . Similarly, let denote the circle passing through and tangent to line at . Let the circles and intersect again at point (). Prove that .

Let be an acute triangle with the feet of the altitudes lying on respectively. One of the intersection points of the line and the circumcircle is The lines and meet at point Prove that

Proposed by Christopher Bradley, United Kingdom

There are cities, airline companies in a country. Between any two cities, there is exactly one -way flight connecting them which is operated by one of the two companies. A female mathematician plans a travel route, so that it starts and ends at the same city, passes through at least two other cities, and each city in the route is visited once. She finds out that wherever she starts and whatever route she chooses, she must take flights of both companies. Find the maximum value of .

Let triangle be inscribed in the circumcircle and circumscribed about the incircle , with . The incircle touches the sides , , and at , , and , respectively. A line through , perpendicular to , intersects , , and at , , and , respectively. The line meets at (distinct from ). The circumcircle of triangle intersects at (distinct from ). Let be the midpoint of the arc of . The line cuts segments and at and , respectively, and the tangents to the circle at and intersect at . Prove that .

Arnaldo and Bernaldo play the following game: given a fixed finite set of positive integers known by both players, Arnaldo picks a number but doesn't tell it to anyone. Bernaldo thens pick an arbitrary positive integer (not necessarily in ). Then Arnaldo tells the number of divisors of . Show that Bernaldo can choose in a way that he can find out the number chosen by Arnaldo.

Let be a set of 2025 positive real numbers. For a subset , define as the median of when all elements of are arranged in increasing order, with the convention that . Define
Find the smallest real number such that for any set of 2025 positive real numbers, the following inequality holds:
where denotes the largest element in .

Suppose we have already proved that for any coloring of in colors, there exists an arithmetic progression of size . How can we derive Van der Waerden's theorem for from this?

Let be circumcenter of a non-isosceles triangle and be a point in the interior of . Let be foots of perpendicular lines from to . Suppose that is cyclic and is the circumcenter of , . Prove that bisects