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k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

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0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
circumcenter, excenter and vertex collinear (Singapore Junior 2012)
parmenides51   6
N 2 hours ago by lightsynth123
In $\vartriangle ABC$, the external bisectors of $\angle A$ and $\angle B$ meet at a point $D$. Prove that the circumcentre of $\vartriangle ABD$ and the points $C, D$ lie on the same straight line.
6 replies
parmenides51
Jul 11, 2019
lightsynth123
2 hours ago
can anyone solve this
averageguy   9
N 2 hours ago by ninjaforce
Hi guys,
For some reason I can't think of a simple way to solve this problem. Is there anyway you guys can think of without trig or if it does have trig something elegant. Answer is 106 btw.
9 replies
averageguy
Dec 26, 2024
ninjaforce
2 hours ago
Inequalities
sqing   18
N 2 hours ago by DAVROS
Let $ a,b,c> 0 $ and $ ab+bc+ca\leq  3abc . $ Prove that
$$ a+ b^2+c\leq a^2+ b^3+c^2 $$$$ a+ b^{11}+c\leq a^2+ b^{12}+c^2 $$
18 replies
sqing
Tuesday at 1:54 PM
DAVROS
2 hours ago
Cyclic points and concurrency [1st Lemoine circle]
shobber   10
N 4 hours ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: China TST 2005
Let $\omega$ be the circumcircle of acute triangle $ABC$. Two tangents of $\omega$ from $B$ and $C$ intersect at $P$, $AP$ and $BC$ intersect at $D$. Point $E$, $F$ are on $AC$ and $AB$ such that $DE \parallel BA$ and $DF \parallel CA$.
(1) Prove that $F,B,C,E$ are concyclic.

(2) Denote $A_{1}$ the centre of the circle passing through $F,B,C,E$. $B_{1}$, $C_{1}$ are difined similarly. Prove that $AA_{1}$, $BB_{1}$, $CC_{1}$ are concurrent.
10 replies
shobber
Jun 27, 2006
Ilikeminecraft
4 hours ago
Hard functional equation
Jessey   4
N 4 hours ago by jasperE3
Source: Belarus 2005
Find all functions $f:N -$> $N$ that satisfy $f(m-n+f(n)) = f(m)+f(n)$, for all $m, n$$N$.
4 replies
Jessey
Mar 11, 2020
jasperE3
4 hours ago
Vertices of a convex polygon if and only if m(S) = f(n)
orl   12
N 4 hours ago by Maximilian113
Source: IMO Shortlist 2000, C3
Let $ n \geq 4$ be a fixed positive integer. Given a set $ S = \{P_1, P_2, \ldots, P_n\}$ of $ n$ points in the plane such that no three are collinear and no four concyclic, let $ a_t,$ $ 1 \leq t \leq n,$ be the number of circles $ P_iP_jP_k$ that contain $ P_t$ in their interior, and let \[m(S)=a_1+a_2+\cdots + a_n.\]Prove that there exists a positive integer $ f(n),$ depending only on $ n,$ such that the points of $ S$ are the vertices of a convex polygon if and only if $ m(S) = f(n).$
12 replies
orl
Aug 10, 2008
Maximilian113
4 hours ago
Inequalities
sqing   5
N 4 hours ago by sqing
Let $ a,b,c $ be real numbers such that $ a^2+b^2+c^2=1. $ Prove that$$ |a-b|+|b-2c|+|c-3a|\leq 5$$$$|a-2b|+|b-3c|+|c-4a|\leq \sqrt{42}$$$$ |a-b|+|b-\frac{11}{10}c|+|c-a|\leq \frac{29}{10}$$
5 replies
sqing
Apr 22, 2025
sqing
4 hours ago
Imo Shortlist Problem
Lopes   35
N 4 hours ago by Maximilian113
Source: IMO Shortlist 2000, Problem N4
Find all triplets of positive integers $ (a,m,n)$ such that $ a^m + 1 \mid (a + 1)^n$.
35 replies
Lopes
Feb 27, 2005
Maximilian113
4 hours ago
Inspired by Humberto_Filho
sqing   0
5 hours ago
Source: Own
Let $ a,b\geq 0 $ and $a + b \leq 2$. Prove that
$$\frac{a^2+1}{(( a+ b)^2+1)^2} \geq  \frac{1}{25} $$$$\frac{(a^2+1)(b^2+1)}{((a+b)^2+1)^2} \geq  \frac{4}{25} $$$$ \frac{a^2+1}{(( a+ 2b)^2+1)^2} \geq  \frac{1}{289} $$$$ \frac{a^2+1}{((2a+ b)^2+1)^2} \geq  \frac{5}{289} $$


0 replies
sqing
5 hours ago
0 replies
Inequalities
Scientist10   2
N 5 hours ago by arqady
If $x, y, z \in \mathbb{R}$, then prove that the following inequality holds:
\[
\sum_{\text{cyc}} \sqrt{1 + \left(x\sqrt{1 + y^2} + y\sqrt{1 + x^2}\right)^2} \geq \sum_{\text{cyc}} xy + 2\sum_{\text{cyc}} x
\]
2 replies
Scientist10
Yesterday at 6:36 PM
arqady
5 hours ago
$n$ with $2000$ divisors divides $2^n+1$ (IMO 2000)
Valentin Vornicu   65
N 5 hours ago by ray66
Source: IMO 2000, Problem 5, IMO Shortlist 2000, Problem N3
Does there exist a positive integer $ n$ such that $ n$ has exactly 2000 prime divisors and $ n$ divides $ 2^n + 1$?
65 replies
Valentin Vornicu
Oct 24, 2005
ray66
5 hours ago
Find the smallest of sum of elements
hlminh   0
5 hours ago
Let $S=\{1,2,...,2014\}$ and $X=\{a_1,a_2,...,a_{30}\}$ is a subset of $S$ such that if $a,b\in X,a+b\leq 2014$ then $a+b\in X.$ Find the smallest of $\dfrac{a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_{30}}{30}.$
0 replies
hlminh
5 hours ago
0 replies
Easy IMO 2023 NT
799786   133
N 5 hours ago by Maximilian113
Source: IMO 2023 P1
Determine all composite integers $n>1$ that satisfy the following property: if $d_1$, $d_2$, $\ldots$, $d_k$ are all the positive divisors of $n$ with $1 = d_1 < d_2 < \cdots < d_k = n$, then $d_i$ divides $d_{i+1} + d_{i+2}$ for every $1 \leq i \leq k - 2$.
133 replies
799786
Jul 8, 2023
Maximilian113
5 hours ago
Complicated FE
XAN4   2
N 5 hours ago by cazanova19921
Source: own
Find all solutions for the functional equation $f(xyz)+\sum_{cyc}f(\frac{yz}x)=f(x)\cdot f(y)\cdot f(z)$, in which $f$: $\mathbb R^+\rightarrow\mathbb R^+$
Note: the solution is actually quite obvious - $f(x)=x^n+\frac1{x^n}$, but the proof is important.
Note 2: it is likely that the result can be generalized into a more advanced questions, potentially involving more bash.
2 replies
XAN4
Yesterday at 11:53 AM
cazanova19921
5 hours ago
IOQM 2022 P5
L567   7
N Sep 1, 2023 by icecream1234
In parallelogram $ABCD$, the longer side is twice the shorter side. Let $XYZW$ be the quadrilateral formed by the internal bisectors of the angles of $ABCD$. If the area of $XYZW$ is $10$, find the area of $ABCD$
7 replies
L567
Mar 8, 2022
icecream1234
Sep 1, 2023
IOQM 2022 P5
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L567
1184 posts
#1 • 1 Y
Y by Master_of_Aops
In parallelogram $ABCD$, the longer side is twice the shorter side. Let $XYZW$ be the quadrilateral formed by the internal bisectors of the angles of $ABCD$. If the area of $XYZW$ is $10$, find the area of $ABCD$
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Numbertheorydog
19 posts
#2 • 2 Y
Y by icecream1234, DeathHammer7
The key is that the angle bisectors meet on the midpoint of the opposite sides.
and also form a rectangle.
from here it is easy
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mathlearner2357
391 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Numbertheorydog, icecream1234
i just assumed that the parallelogram is a rectangle and from there it is easy
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I_love_chom-choms
43 posts
#4
Y by
@numbertheorydog @mathlearner2357
even if you dont, its still a simple question, you just have to apply BPT which gives you the area
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guptaamitu1
656 posts
#5
Y by
This seems similar to USAMTS Year 32 Round 1 Problem 3.
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SatisfiedMagma
458 posts
#6 • 1 Y
Y by DeathHammer7
I will just post a solution because I am mastermind who blundered it in exam even after seeing the bash on exam.
Let $\overline{AB}$ be the longer side of the parallelogram. Let $\angle DAB = 2\theta$. One can angle chase to find that $XYZW$ is a rectangle. Let $B$ bisector meet $C$ bisector at $X$ and $Y$ be the intersection of $A$ bisector and $B$ bisector.

From $\triangle XBC$, $\overline{XB} = x\sin(\theta)$. From $\triangle AYB$, $\overline{XY} = 2x\sin(\theta)$. With $\overline{XB}$ and $\overline{XY}$. one can deduce $X$ is the midpoint of $\overline{YB}$. Now one can compute side length of the rectangle as $x\sin(\theta)$. Similarly, one can find the other one to be $x\cos(\theta)$. By the problem condition
\[x\sin(\theta) \cdot x\cos(\theta) = 10 \iff \sin(2\theta) = \frac{20}{x^2}\]Now $2 [\triangle BCD]$ is the area of parallelogram. One can just use the $\frac{1}{2}ab\sin(C)$ formula now to get
\[\text{Desired Area} = 2 \times \frac{1}{2}x\cdot 2x \cdot \sin(2\theta) = \fbox{40}\]and thus we are done. $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by SatisfiedMagma, Oct 20, 2022, 6:22 PM
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Tutan
7 posts
#7
Y by
Draw ABCD parallelogram
We know that internal angle bisectors of the angles in a parallelogram meets at the mid point of the opposite side and it forms a rectangle.
now if we draw the XYZW rectangle and denote the two intersections Y and W then the line passes through X,Z is parallel to AD and BC
Let the line cut AB and DC at M and N
Now (XYZ)=(XWZ)=5
(XYZ)=1/2(YXZD)=1/2(YZXA)
(AXY)=(YZD)=5
(AMND)=(AWD)=5X4=20
(ABCD)=2(AMND)=40(ans.)
Note:- (F)denotes the area of geometrical figure F.
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icecream1234
360 posts
#8
Y by
Numbertheorydog wrote:
The key is that the angle bisectors meet on the midpoint of the opposite sides.
and also form a rectangle.
from here it is easy

Indeed, by splitting the parallelogram into two congruent rhombuses, we can see that the angle bisectors split these rhombuses into 4 congruent triangles each. The rest is trivial.
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