AoPS Academy
[/quote]
, do not answer with "
is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "
is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
denote the set of positive integers. Find all functions 
such that for positive integers 
and 
![\[f(a^2 + b^2) = f(a)f(b) \text{ and } f(a^2) = f(a)^2.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/c/1/f/c1f8ffe04cfcc45b498f3931a4796d5c56dc04d0.png)
has been partitioned into disjoint pairs 
(
) so that for all 
, 
equals 
or 
. Prove that the sum ![\[ |a_1-b_1|+|a_2-b_2|+\cdots +|a_{999}-b_{999}| \]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/0/4/4/04422a7d2266b92a6b3f215b698f078cda85091f.png)
ends in the digit 
.
such that 
for all positive integers 
.
be a triangle with 
Line bisector of 
intersects 
at point 
. Prove that 
.
, and for all 
, define the sequence 
by the recurrence![\[
a_{n+1} = a_n^2 + 1
\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/3/1/1/3114595ded8c8961d611afaab9ad19e254973001.png)
Prove that there is no natural number 
such that![\[
\prod_{k=1}^{n} \left( a_k^2 + a_k + 1 \right)
\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/a/4/f/a4f88ee7e3d4e53e369319f74cd9b12be26c9681.png)
is a perfect square.
are randomly arranged in the cells of a 
square (
). For any pair of numbers situated on the same row or on the same column the ratio of the greater number to the smaller number is calculated. Let us call the characteristic of the arrangement the smallest of these 
fractions. What is the highest possible value of the characteristic ?
be distinct real numbers such that![\[
a + b + c + \frac{1}{abc} = \frac{19}{2}
\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/5/1/e/51eef77358db2b6c98f0fb0fb4e30db837a03642.png)
Find the maximum possible value of 
.
has centroid 
. A line parallel to 
passing through intersects the circumcircle of at 
. Let lines 
and intersect at 
. Suppose a point 
is chosen on such that the tangent of the circumcircle of 
at , the tangent of the circumcircle of at 
and concur. Prove that 
.
be the orthocenter of acute triangle 
, let 
be the foot of the altitude from 
to 
, and let be the reflection of across 
. Suppose that the circumcircle of triangle 
intersects line at two distinct points 
and 
. Prove that is the midpoint of 
.
be a quadrilateral inscribed in circle 
with 
. Let and be the reflections of over lines 
and , respectively, and let be the intersection of lines 
and 
. Suppose that the circumcircle of 
meets at and 
, and the circumcircle of 
meets at and 
. Show that 
.
