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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

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Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
Close to JMO, but not close enough
isache   0
8 minutes ago
Im currently a freshman in hs, and i rlly wanna make jmo in sophmore yr. Ive been cooking at in-person competitions recently (ucsd hmc, scmc, smt, mathcounts) but I keep fumbling jmo. this yr i had a 133.5 on 10b and a 9 on aime. How do i get that up by 20 points to a 240?
0 replies
isache
8 minutes ago
0 replies
usamOOK geometry
KevinYang2.71   108
N 21 minutes ago by ray66
Source: USAMO 2025/4, USAJMO 2025/5
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of acute triangle $ABC$, let $F$ be the foot of the altitude from $C$ to $AB$, and let $P$ be the reflection of $H$ across $BC$. Suppose that the circumcircle of triangle $AFP$ intersects line $BC$ at two distinct points $X$ and $Y$. Prove that $C$ is the midpoint of $XY$.
108 replies
1 viewing
KevinYang2.71
Mar 21, 2025
ray66
21 minutes ago
Bring Back Downvotes
heheman   18
N 22 minutes ago by Evanlovemath
i would like to start a petition to bring back downvote, it you agree then write "bbd $    $" in threads
18 replies
heheman
4 hours ago
Evanlovemath
22 minutes ago
Scary Binomial Coefficient Sum
EpicBird08   44
N an hour ago by ray66
Source: USAMO 2025/5
Determine, with proof, all positive integers $k$ such that $$\frac{1}{n+1} \sum_{i=0}^n \binom{n}{i}^k$$is an integer for every positive integer $n.$
44 replies
EpicBird08
Mar 21, 2025
ray66
an hour ago
help me ..
exoticc   2
N Today at 5:00 PM by sodiumaka
Find all pairs of functions (f,g) : R->R that satisfy:
f(1)=2025;
g(f(x+y))+2x+y-1=f(x)+(2x+y)g(y) , ∀x,y∈R
2 replies
exoticc
Today at 9:26 AM
sodiumaka
Today at 5:00 PM
Inequalities
sqing   20
N Today at 3:32 PM by ytChen
Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 ,a+b+c\leq 3. $ Prove that
$$a^2+b^2+c^2+ab +2ca+2bc +  abc \leq \frac{251}{27}$$$$ a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+2ca+2bc  + \frac{2}{5}abc  \leq \frac{4861}{540}$$$$ a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+2ca+2bc  + \frac{7}{20}abc  \leq \frac{2381411}{26460}$$
20 replies
sqing
May 21, 2025
ytChen
Today at 3:32 PM
21st PMO National Orals #9
yes45   0
Today at 3:22 PM
In square $ABCD$, $P$ and $Q$ are points on sides $CD$ and $BC$, respectively, such that $\angle{APQ} = 90^\circ$. If $AP = 4$ and $PQ = 3$, find the area of $ABCD$.

Answer Confirmation
Solution
0 replies
yes45
Today at 3:22 PM
0 replies
Inequalities
sqing   0
Today at 2:31 PM
Let $ a,b> 0 $ and $2a+2b+ab=5. $ Prove that
$$ \frac{a^4}{b^4}+\frac{1}{a^4}+42ab-a^4\geq  43$$$$ \frac{a^5}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^5}+64ab-a^5\geq  65$$$$ \frac{a^6}{b^6}+\frac{1}{a^6}+90ab-a^6\geq  91$$$$ \frac{a^7}{b^7}+\frac{1}{a^7}+121ab-a^7\geq  122$$
0 replies
sqing
Today at 2:31 PM
0 replies
Original Problem (qrxz17)
qrxz17   0
Today at 1:32 PM
Problem. Suppose that
\begin{align*}
    (a^2+b^2)^2 + (b^2+c^2)^2 +(c^2+a^2)^2 &= 138 \\
    (a^2+b^2+c^2)^2 &=100.
\end{align*}Find \(a^2(a^2-1) + b^2(b^2-1)+c^2(c^2-1)\).
Answer: Click to reveal hidden text
Solution. Subtracting the two given equations, we get
\begin{align*}
        a^4+b^4+c^4=38.
    \end{align*}Taking the square root of the second equation, we get

\begin{align*}
        a^2+b^2+c^2 = 10.
    \end{align*}
Then,
\begin{align*}
        a^4+b^4+c^4-(a^2+b^2+c^2) &= a^4-a^2+b^4-b^2+c^4-c^2 \\
        &= a^2(a^2-1)+b^2(b^2-1)+c^2(c^2-1) = \boxed{28}.
    \end{align*}
0 replies
qrxz17
Today at 1:32 PM
0 replies
17th PMO Area Stage #5
yes45   0
Today at 1:31 PM
Triangle \(ABC\) has a right angle at \(B\), with \(AB = 3\) and \(BC = 4\). If \(D\) and \(E\) are points
on \(AC\) and \(BC\), respectively, such that \(CD = DE = \frac{5}{3}\), find the perimeter of quadrilateral
\(ABED\).
Answer Confirmation
Solution
0 replies
yes45
Today at 1:31 PM
0 replies
Sipnayan 2019 SHS Orals Semifinal Round B Difficult \#3
qrxz17   0
Today at 1:30 PM
Problem. Suppose that \(a\), \(b\), \(c\) are positive integers such that \((a^2+b^2+c^2)^2 - 2(a^4+b^4+c^4) = 63\). Find all possible values of \(a+b+c\).
Answer. Click to reveal hidden text
Solution. Expanding and cancelling "like" terms, we get

\begin{align*}
        (a^2+b^2+c^2)^2 - 2(a^4+b^4+c^4) &= (a^4 +b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2a^2c^2+2b^2c^2) - 2(a^4+b^4+c^4) \\
        &= 2a^2b^2+2a^2c^2+2b^2c^2 - a^4 -b^4-c^4
    \end{align*}
We multiply the entire equation by \(-1\) to rearrange the terms and place the higher-degree terms at the front of the expression in order to have a more recognizable form.

\begin{align*}
        a^4+b^4+c^4-2a^2b^2-2a^2c^2-2b^2c^2 = -63.
    \end{align*}
Simplifying the left-hand expression, we get

\begin{align*}
        a^4+b^4+c^4-2a^2b^2-2a^2c^2-2b^2c^2 &=a^4-2a^2(b^2+c^2)+b^4-2b^2c^2+c^4 \\
        &= a^4-2a^2(b^2+c^2)+(b^2+c^2)^2 - 4b^2c^2 \\
        &= [a^2 - (b^2+c^2)]^2-(2bc)^2 \\
        &= (a^2-b^2-c^2+2bc)(a^2-b^2-c^2-2bc)\\
        &=[a^2-(b-c)^2][a^2-(b+c)^2] \\
        &= (a+b-c)(a-b+c)(a+b+c)(a-b-c) = -63.
    \end{align*}
If \(a=b=c\), we get
\begin{align*}
     -3a^4 &=-63 \\
     a^4 &= 21
    \end{align*}

in which there are no real solutions for \(a\).

If we either have \(a=b\), \(a=c\), or \(b=c\), we get something of the form

\[
    a^2(a+2b)(a-2b)=-63.
    \]
Since \(1\) and \(9\) are the only square factors of \(63\), we have \(a = \{1, 3\}\).

In this case, the solutions for \((a, b, c)\) are \((1, 4, 4)\) and \((3, 2, 2)\), including all their permutations.

If \(a, b, c\) are all distinct positive integers, there are no solutions.

Therefore, all possible values of \(a+b+c\) are \(\boxed{7 \text{ and }9}\).
0 replies
qrxz17
Today at 1:30 PM
0 replies
MATHirang MATHibay 2011 Orals Survival Round Average \#1
qrxz17   0
Today at 1:27 PM
Problem. Solve for all possible values of y: $\sqrt{y^2 + 4y + 8} + \sqrt{y^2+4y+4}=\sqrt{2(y^2+4y+6)}$
Answer. Click to reveal hidden text
Solution. Let \( N = y^2+4y+6\). We have
\begin{align*}
        \sqrt{N+2} + \sqrt{N-2} = \sqrt{2N}
    \end{align*}
Taking the square of the equation, we get

\begin{align*}
        (N+2)+(N-2)+2\sqrt{N^2-4}&=2N \\
        \sqrt{N^2-4} &=0
    \end{align*}
Taking the square of the equation again, we get

\begin{align*}
        N^2-4&=0 \\
        N^2&=4
    \end{align*}
If N is -2, then \(\sqrt{2N}\) is an imaginary number. Thus, N must be equal to +2. We then have

\begin{align*}
        y^2 +4y+6&=2 \\
        y^2+4y+4&=0 \\
        (y+2)^2&=0 \\
        y+2&=0 \\
        y &= \boxed{-2}.
    \end{align*}
0 replies
qrxz17
Today at 1:27 PM
0 replies
Original Problem (qrxz17)
qrxz17   0
Today at 1:12 PM
Problem. Given that \( 2^{\log_{16} 71} = a \) and \( x^{\log_{256} 71} = 71a \), find the value of \(x\).
Answer. Click to reveal hidden text
Solution. Let \(k=\log_{16}71\). We have
\begin{align*}
    2^k &= a \\   
    16^k &= 71
    \end{align*}
So,
\begin{align*}
        2^k\cdot16^k&=a\cdot71 \\
        32^k &= 71a = x^{\log_{256} 71}
    \end{align*}
Substituting the value of k, we get

\begin{align*}
       32^{\log_{16}71} &= x^{\log_{256} 71}
   \end{align*}
By using the change-of-base formula, we get

\begin{align*}
       32^{\frac{\log_{256}71}{\log_{256}16}}=32^{\frac{\log_{256}71}{\frac{1}{2}}} = 32^{2 \cdot \log_{256}71} = 1024^{\log_{256}71}
       \end{align*}
Therefore, \(x=\boxed{1024}\).
0 replies
qrxz17
Today at 1:12 PM
0 replies
Sipnayan 2016 SHS Semifinals Average \#4
qrxz17   0
Today at 1:11 PM
Problem. Find the maximum value of \( 8 \cdot 27^{\log_6{x}}+27\cdot 8^{\log_6x} - x^3\) as x varies over the positive real numbers.
Answer. Click to reveal hidden text
Solution. Simplifying the equation, we get
\begin{align*}
8 \cdot 27^{\log_6{x}} + 27 \cdot 8^{\log_6{x}} - x^3 \\
= 2^3 \cdot 3^{3\log_6{x}} + 3^3\cdot 2^{3\log_6{x}} - x^3 \\
= 2^3 \cdot 3^{\log_6{x^3}} + 3^3\cdot 2^{\log_6{x^3}} - x^3
\end{align*}
Let \(y=log_6{x}\). We have
\begin{align*}
    y &= \log_6{x^3} \\
    6^y &= x^3
    \end{align*}
We can rewrite the equation into
\begin{align*}
      2^3 \cdot 3^{y} &+ 3^3\cdot 2^{y} - 6^y \\
      =2^3\cdot 3^y &+ 3^3 \cdot 2^y - 2^y \cdot 3^y
    \end{align*}
Then, by grouping terms, we get
\begin{align*}
    3^y(2^3 - 2^y)&+ 3^2\cdot 2^y \text{ or} \\
    2^y(3^2-3^y)&+ 2^3\cdot 3^y 
    \end{align*}
Either way works. For the first equation, we can get the maximum at y=3. For the second equation, we can get the maximum at y=2. This happens because each expression reaches a turning point (where the function changes from increasing to decreasing) when the terms in the parentheses equal zero. Both expressions produce the maximum value of \(\boxed{216}\).
0 replies
qrxz17
Today at 1:11 PM
0 replies
9 Fun Proof Endings
elasticwealth   49
N Apr 25, 2025 by steve4916
It seems like AOPS is going through a stressful phase right now.

Let's lighten the mood by voting on the best proof endings!
49 replies
elasticwealth
Apr 24, 2025
steve4916
Apr 25, 2025
Fun Proof Endings
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akliu
1801 posts
#38
Y by
Love the purpose of this thread! I once knew a guy who ended proofs with "and thems the facts" who dropped a 0 on JMO because he submitted drawings of stick figures for his solutions.
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Rice_Farmer
922 posts
#39
Y by
Then trivial/Rest is trivial
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Rice_Farmer, Apr 24, 2025, 9:28 PM
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idk12345678
398 posts
#40
Y by
mathwiz_1207 wrote:
quiet easily demonstrated

my 7th grade math teacher used to say Quickly Easily Done
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by idk12345678, Apr 24, 2025, 10:36 PM
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greenplanet2050
1329 posts
#41
Y by
i like black filled square
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Chonkachu
1231 posts
#42
Y by
idk12345678 wrote:
mathwiz_1207 wrote:
quiet easily demonstrated

my 7th grade math teacher used to say Quickly Easily Done

you guys do proofs in 7th grade? our ed system is cooked
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PojoDotCom
136 posts
#43
Y by
I think its quod erat demonstratum or something like that
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ohiorizzler1434
804 posts
#44 • 1 Y
Y by Ilikeminecraft
Personally I end my proof by saying 'Now that's rizz!' Does anyone else do this?
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giratina3
556 posts
#45
Y by
Chonkachu wrote:
idk12345678 wrote:
mathwiz_1207 wrote:
quiet easily demonstrated

my 7th grade math teacher used to say Quickly Easily Done

you guys do proofs in 7th grade? our ed system is cooked

Even if we do proofs, it's always the two-column proofs, and man they are so annoying to write out.
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Blossom_tree_17
62 posts
#47
Y by
Choose Empty square! Lmho
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Pengu14
637 posts
#48
Y by
Black squares are simply superior
Z K Y
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jkim0656
1070 posts
#49
Y by
no empty squares are better :)
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programjames1
3046 posts
#50
Y by
Empty squares are for the end of lemmas, black squares are for the end of proofs.
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vadava_lx
161 posts
#51 • 1 Y
Y by Amkan2022
HM2018 wrote:
What does QED stand for?

quite enough done
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idk12345678
398 posts
#52
Y by
Chonkachu wrote:
idk12345678 wrote:
mathwiz_1207 wrote:
quiet easily demonstrated

my 7th grade math teacher used to say Quickly Easily Done

you guys do proofs in 7th grade? our ed system is cooked

i was in secondary math 2(so 10th grade), and it was the stupid 2 column proofs
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steve4916
77 posts
#53
Y by
normally I use a white box or q.e.d. but sometimes i say we are done
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