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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
[list][*]May 9th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, Casework 2: Overwhelming Evidence — A Text Adventure, a game where participants will work together to navigate the map, solve puzzles, and win! All are welcome.
[*]May 19th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, What's Next After Beast Academy?, designed for students finishing Beast Academy and ready for Prealgebra 1.
[*]May 20th, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 1 Math Jam, Problems 1 to 4, join the Canada/USA Mathcamp staff for this exciting Math Jam, where they discuss solutions to Problems 1 to 4 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz!
[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
Deliverance of Justice
User1239784   3
N 3 minutes ago by scannose
I would like to bring to the community's attention the actions of an integrity-less, dishonest cheater. We will make out of this loser an example. Let me make it clear that I don't care whatever actions this user chooses to pursue in the future. They will reap the seeds of their wrongdoing, which they knowingly and willingly sowed themselves. They have no excuse for their inexcusable actions.

Fact #1: Anticodon qualified USAJMO through AMC index after getting barely a 114 on the AMC10B this year. They claim to have solved 14 problems on the AIME, and got 13 correct.
Proof: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3514242p34115225 (Post #10)
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514060647/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3514242p34115225

This is extremely suspicious by itself, but of course we cannot simply call someone a cheater from their score. Obviously there is some boundary to which getting lucky or unlucky can affect your score, and 93 on AMC12A and 114 on AMC10B to 13 on AIME is obviously pushing that boundary. But let's see what else we have.

Fact #2: They cannot solve many early middle school level problems
Evidence: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3454526p33354305
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514070149/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3454526p33354305
It's not only wrong, they also used AI, because they didn't know how to do it; check the following image: https://cdn.discordapp.com/attachments/1218356881446408192/1367329444200583369/image.png?ex=682553c7&is=68240247&hm=fd00c3c5fd0d80571ab1e190dcfdfa37c374e8dd499a80f0185f5b98b77cfeaf&

Evidence: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h3465216p33498941
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514070528/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h3465216_help_with_2022_amc_10_a_question (Post #12)
This whole paragraph is absolute gibberish. For starters, $\frac{abc}{999}=\frac{1}{3}\cdot(\frac{a}{9}+\frac{b}{9}+\frac{c}{9})$ is clearly not true. Even a 1st grader can see that. And what does "a number not a product" mean? A product is a number? Literally makes 0 sense.

Fact #3: They claim to be very good at trig
Proof: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h3382843p33181682
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250506020552/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h3382843p33181682

Fact #4: Yet they cannot seem to understand the fundamentals of trig
Evidence: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c123h3455648_5236_transcendental_number_with_integer_coefficients
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514071755/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c123h3455648_5236_transcendental_number_with_integer_coefficients (#26 and #31)
They decided to just copy dolphinday's solution. It's clear they do not understand a thing about it. :| Seriously?

Evidence: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h3442725p33193970
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514071318/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h3442725p33193970
NOTE: wangzrpi = anticodon. Just check their blogs and posts.
Anyways, I don't see how any kind of trig god as anticodon makes themselves out to be can not realize that $\tan(x) = \cot(\frac{pi}{2}-x)$.

Fact #5: They have extremely strange, inconsistent behavior
Evidence: https://web.archive.org/web/20250509034013/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4114443h3564842
Check their attached screenshot. Why don't they write $-8\sqrt{13} + 9\sqrt{13}$ as $\sqrt{13}$? What's wrong with them? Even a 1st grader can see that's so easy to simplify. Not to mention them acting all high and mighty since they memorized the cosine addition formula... so annoying.

Fact #6: They have extremely low mathematical (not to mention mental...) maturity
Proof: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3564811p34779811
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514061542/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3564811

#1 and #9 are the same, how did the trig god not understand that simple trigonometric/complex fact?

#8 is a definition, not a formula. Can't get even the simplest things right?

#6 is complete nonsense, not even a formula. Where are all these random variables coming from? Just trying to "show off" again huh, well no one's impressed, because we aren't idiots we can see it's just a bunch of garbage just like their brain.

#4 is common sense, are they really that hungry for attention that they'll just write a bunch of trivial integrals and try to pass it off as something so "cool" and "top 10" and whatnot??? same goes for #10.

#5 why can't they just say what x' and y' is? rotation by theta degrees counterclockwise you mean? oh i know, because u don't know what they mean.

It's clear throughout this whole post they're just trying to "flex" on everyone else, it's hilarious yet annoying and stupid at the same time.

Fact #7: They don't understand a thing about mathematics; rather, they're obsessed with keeping up a facade of "prodigiousness" or something
Proof: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h420395p34822492
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514072408/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h420395p34822492

If you can't understand the problem, "prove the quadratic doesn't have negative roots" does ABSOLUTELY NOTHING. when will this arrogance end?

Fact #8: They're egotistical and proud. Yet wrong, again and again.
To add on to the examples showing this previously:
Evidence: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h3479026p33709927
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514073137/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h3479026p33709927
What kind of "advice" is "try USAMTS?" The person who asked needs help figuring out proofs, you don't just shove a bunch of random problems in their face. What even is common sense at this point?

They are clearly just trying to boost their ego by dishing out garbage "helpful" advice to others who are more experienced than them. While they clearly, know nothing.

Evidence: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3473318p33671683 (#66)
Backup: https://web.archive.org/web/20250514064308/https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c3h3473318p33671683
Woah, they're so advanced to know what's Mandlebrot Set equation, wow everyone go orz them oh wait it's wrong, who would've guessed from their previous track record? For future reference it's $Z_{n+1}=Z_n^2+C$ if you do go around, acting like some kind of god again, "anticodon." Everyone will worship you finally for being able to copy from Google correctly!...

Except no one will worship you anymore, and no one ever did, because you are just an egotistical, privileged, idiot. Don't ever whine about "hard work," when those born into lower classes have worked harder than you could have ever imagined, yet achieved less, simply because they were less lucky and born into a place where they were not nurtured with as much time and money as you, who was born into the upper rank. But in the end, it doesn't matter. Everything falls at the same speed, including you who thinks you are somehow invincible and arrogant enough to be doing this idiocy on AoPS.

Morals?
We will make an example out of the wickedness of this ungrateful, arrogant piece of trash.

It's clear that they cheated to get into USAJMO.

NOTE: Sometimes Internet Archive bugs out while saving webpages. I have screenshots of all their posts, notify me immediately if "anticodon" begins editing their posts. I have screenshots of everything, but since I'm a new user I can't attach files. I've saved all evidence of wrongdoing.

I will deliver justice.
3 replies
+2 w
User1239784
6 hours ago
scannose
3 minutes ago
[MAIN ROUND STARTS MAY 17] OMMC Year 5
DottedCaculator   52
N 5 minutes ago by DottedCaculator
Hello to all creative problem solvers,

Do you want to work on a fun, untimed team math competition with amazing questions by MOPpers and IMO & EGMO medalists? $\phantom{You lost the game.}$
Do you want to have a chance to win thousands in cash and raffle prizes (no matter your skill level)?

Check out the fifth annual iteration of the

Online Monmouth Math Competition!

Online Monmouth Math Competition, or OMMC, is a 501c3 accredited nonprofit organization managed by adults, college students, and high schoolers which aims to give talented high school and middle school students an exciting way to develop their skills in mathematics.

Our website: https://www.ommcofficial.org/
Our Discord (6000+ members): https://tinyurl.com/joinommc
Test portal: https://ommc-test-portal.vercel.app/

This is not a local competition; any student 18 or younger anywhere in the world can attend. We have changed some elements of our contest format, so read carefully and thoroughly. Join our Discord or monitor this thread for updates and test releases.

How hard is it?

We plan to raffle out a TON of prizes over all competitors regardless of performance. So just submit: a few minutes of your time will give you a great chance to win amazing prizes!

How are the problems?

You can check out our past problems and sample problems here:
https://www.ommcofficial.org/sample
https://www.ommcofficial.org/2022-documents
https://www.ommcofficial.org/2023-documents
https://www.ommcofficial.org/ommc-amc

How will the test be held?/How do I sign up?

Solo teams?

Test Policy

Timeline:
Main Round: May 17th - May 24th
Test Portal Released. The Main Round of the contest is held. The Main Round consists of 25 questions that each have a numerical answer. Teams will have the entire time interval to work on the questions. They can submit any time during the interval. Teams are free to edit their submissions before the period ends, even after they submit.

Final Round: May 26th - May 28th
The top placing teams will qualify for this invitational round (5-10 questions). The final round consists of 5-10 proof questions. Teams again will have the entire time interval to work on these questions and can submit their proofs any time during this interval. Teams are free to edit their submissions before the period ends, even after they submit.

Conclusion of Competition: Early June
Solutions will be released, winners announced, and prizes sent out to winners.

Scoring:

Prizes:

I have more questions. Whom do I ask?

We hope for your participation, and good luck!

OMMC staff

OMMC’S 2025 EVENTS ARE SPONSORED BY:

[list]
[*]Nontrivial Fellowship
[*]Citadel
[*]SPARC
[*]Jane Street
[*]And counting!
[/list]


52 replies
+2 w
DottedCaculator
Apr 26, 2025
DottedCaculator
5 minutes ago
UMich Math
missionsqhc   1
N 4 hours ago by Mathzeus1024
I was recently accepted into the University of Michigan as a math major. If anyone studies math at UMich or knows anything about the program, could you share your experience? How would you rate the program? I know UMich is well-regarded for math (among many other things) but from my understanding, it is not quite at the level of an MIT or CalTech. What math programs is it comparable to? How does the rigor of the curricula compare to other top math programs? What are the other students like—is there a thriving contest math community? How accessible are research opportunities and graduate-level classes? Are most students looking to get into pure math and become research mathematicians or are most people focused on applied fields?

Also, aside from the math program, how is UMich overall? What were the advantages and disadvantages from being at such a large school? I was admitted to the Residential College (RC) within the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts. This is supposed to emulate a liberal arts college (while still allowing me access to the resources of a major research university). Could anyone speak on the RC?

How academically-inclined are UMich students? I’ve heard the school is big on sports and school spirit. I am just concerned that there may be a lot of subpar in-state students. How is the climate of Ann Arbor and how is the city in general?

Finally, how is UMich generally regarded? I’m also considering Georgetown. Am I right in viewing the latter as more well-regarded for humanities and the former better-known for STEM?
1 reply
missionsqhc
Yesterday at 4:31 PM
Mathzeus1024
4 hours ago
Integral and Derivative Equation
ahaanomegas   6
N 5 hours ago by Sagnik123Biswas
Source: Putnam 1990 B1
Find all real-valued continuously differentiable functions $f$ on the real line such that for all $x$, \[ \left( f(x) \right)^2 = \displaystyle\int_0^x \left[ \left( f(t) \right)^2 + \left( f'(t) \right)^2 \right] \, \mathrm{d}t + 1990. \]
6 replies
ahaanomegas
Jul 12, 2013
Sagnik123Biswas
5 hours ago
UC Berkeley Integration Bee 2025 Bracket Rounds
Silver08   64
N 5 hours ago by vanstraelen
Regular Round

Quarterfinals

Semifinals

3rd Place Match

Finals
64 replies
Silver08
May 9, 2025
vanstraelen
5 hours ago
Integral
Martin.s   0
6 hours ago
$$\int_0^{\pi/6}\arcsin\Bigl(\sqrt{\cos(3\psi)\cos\psi}\Bigr)\,d\psi.$$
0 replies
Martin.s
6 hours ago
0 replies
Prove the statement
Butterfly   3
N Today at 6:41 AM by Photaesthesia
Given an infinite sequence $\{x_n\} \subseteq  [0,1]$, there exists some constant $C$, for any $r>0$, among the sequence $x_n$ and $x_m$ could be chosen to satisfy $|n-m|\ge r $ and $|x_n-x_m|<\frac{C}{|n-m|}$.
3 replies
Butterfly
May 7, 2025
Photaesthesia
Today at 6:41 AM
Tough integral
Martin.s   1
N Today at 4:49 AM by Martin.s
$$\int_0^{\pi/2}\ln(\tan(\theta/2))
\;\frac{4\cos\theta\cos(2\theta)}{4\sin^4\theta+1}\,d\theta.$$
1 reply
Martin.s
May 12, 2025
Martin.s
Today at 4:49 AM
9 JMO<200?
DreamineYT   5
N Today at 4:39 AM by xHypotenuse
Just wanted to ask
5 replies
DreamineYT
May 10, 2025
xHypotenuse
Today at 4:39 AM
Goals for 2025-2026
Airbus320-214   120
N Today at 3:55 AM by Schintalpati
Please write down your goal/goals for competitions here for 2025-2026.
120 replies
Airbus320-214
May 11, 2025
Schintalpati
Today at 3:55 AM
Calculus
youochange   1
N Yesterday at 1:21 PM by Mathzeus1024
Find the area enclosed by the curves $e^x,e^{-x},x^2+y^2=1$

1 reply
youochange
May 10, 2025
Mathzeus1024
Yesterday at 1:21 PM
Mathematical expectation 1
Tricky123   3
N Yesterday at 1:13 PM by Tricky123
X is continuous random variable having spectrum
$(-\infty,\infty) $ and the distribution function is $F(x)$ then
$E(X)=\int_{0}^{\infty}(1-F(x)-F(-x))dx$ and find the expression of $V(x)$

Ans:- $V(x)=\int_{0}^{\infty}(2x(1-F(x)+F(-x))dx-m^{2}$

How to solve help me
3 replies
Tricky123
May 11, 2025
Tricky123
Yesterday at 1:13 PM
Derivative of unknown continuous function
smartvong   2
N Yesterday at 12:43 PM by solyaris
Source: UM Mathematical Olympiad 2024
Let $f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ be a function whose derivative is continuous on $[0,1]$. Show that
$$\lim_{n \to \infty} \sum^n_{k = 1}\left[f\left(\frac{k}{n}\right) - f\left(\frac{2k - 1}{2n}\right)\right] = \frac{f(1) - f(0)}{2}.$$
2 replies
smartvong
Yesterday at 1:05 AM
solyaris
Yesterday at 12:43 PM
Divisibility of cyclic sum
smartvong   1
N Yesterday at 12:06 PM by alexheinis
Source: UM Mathematical Olympiad 2024
Let $n$ be a positive integer greater than $1$. Show that
$$4 \mid (x_1x_2 + x_2x_3 + \cdots + x_{n-1}x_n + x_nx_1 - n)$$where each of $x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n$ is either $1$ or $-1$.
1 reply
smartvong
Yesterday at 9:49 AM
alexheinis
Yesterday at 12:06 PM
Circle Incident
MSTang   39
N Yesterday at 4:56 PM by Ilikeminecraft
Source: 2016 AIME I #15
Circles $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ intersect at points $X$ and $Y$. Line $\ell$ is tangent to $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ at $A$ and $B$, respectively, with line $AB$ closer to point $X$ than to $Y$. Circle $\omega$ passes through $A$ and $B$ intersecting $\omega_1$ again at $D \neq A$ and intersecting $\omega_2$ again at $C \neq B$. The three points $C$, $Y$, $D$ are collinear, $XC = 67$, $XY = 47$, and $XD = 37$. Find $AB^2$.
39 replies
MSTang
Mar 4, 2016
Ilikeminecraft
Yesterday at 4:56 PM
Circle Incident
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: 2016 AIME I #15
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MSTang
6012 posts
#1 • 9 Y
Y by gyluo, megarnie, Jc426, Lionking212, sleepypuppy, mathleticguyyy, ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Circles $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ intersect at points $X$ and $Y$. Line $\ell$ is tangent to $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ at $A$ and $B$, respectively, with line $AB$ closer to point $X$ than to $Y$. Circle $\omega$ passes through $A$ and $B$ intersecting $\omega_1$ again at $D \neq A$ and intersecting $\omega_2$ again at $C \neq B$. The three points $C$, $Y$, $D$ are collinear, $XC = 67$, $XY = 47$, and $XD = 37$. Find $AB^2$.
Z K Y
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djmathman
7938 posts
#2 • 24 Y
Y by mssmath, pinetree1, r3mark, CeuAzul, DominicanAOPSer, joey8189681, champion999, YadisBeles, arvind_r, gyluo, mathleticguyyy, nikhil.mudumbi, tigerzhang, centslordm, megarnie, Jc426, rayfish, Lamboreghini, sleepypuppy, ImSh95, am07, Adventure10, Mango247, Sedro
Very nice problem.

Solution
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by djmathman, Mar 4, 2016, 3:48 PM
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thecmd999
2860 posts
#3 • 4 Y
Y by Tawan, ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
I found a cool way to do this using the fact that $CD$ passes through the external center of homothety of the two circles.
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zephyrcrush78
389 posts
#4 • 7 Y
Y by alex31415, yrnsmurf, CeuAzul, megarnie, ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Dang it...I guessed 720. So close...
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XmL
552 posts
#5 • 11 Y
Y by nsato, fclvbfm934, CeuAzul, Tawan, TanMath, megarnie, Lamboreghini, ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247, sargamsujit
Different Solution
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by XmL, Mar 4, 2016, 3:40 PM
Reason: added diagram
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Savage
15 posts
#6 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
one sentence sketch
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Dukejukem
695 posts
#7 • 7 Y
Y by pinetree1, jam10307, strategos21, ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247, sargamsujit
Power of a Point (with diagram)
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by Dukejukem, Mar 4, 2016, 8:22 PM
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ABCDE
1963 posts
#8 • 8 Y
Y by mymathboy, janabel, High, Galo1s, swirlykick, ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Hardest but nicest AIME #15 geo in a while. Here is what I believe to be the cleanest solution with no Stewarts or equations or anything. (also I'm going to borrow dj's diagram and make some modifications sorry)

sol
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happiface
1300 posts
#9 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Wow pretty unfortunate. I was going to guess 67*37 - 47^2 after drawing the diagram but I decided that the answer would probably not be that simple and did bother to compute it...

Tilted asf right now about all the problems I was so close to getting...
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by happiface, Mar 4, 2016, 6:51 PM
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liopoil
186 posts
#10 • 6 Y
Y by DivideBy0, Galo1s, rayfish, ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
I have a friend who doesn't do math competitions much but made AIME. He says the only two problems he solved were #1 and #15, which I thought was very impressive!
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lucasxia01
908 posts
#11 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
wow! @liopoil
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trumpeter
3332 posts
#12 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Thanks to vincenthuang75025 for giving a helpful hint! If you're interested, here is the hint:

Hint from Vinny

Solution
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gentlemantommy
28 posts
#13 • 3 Y
Y by adihaya, ImSh95, Adventure10
please post the attachment at this spot http://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h1207210p5966212
Attachments:
A Thorough Solution of the Two Circles_ 2016_AIME_1_problem 15--Part1.pdf (502kb)
A Thorough Solution of the Two Circles_ 2016_AIME_1_problem 15--Part2.pdf (474kb)
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JacobGuo
3281 posts
#14 • 2 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10
Savage wrote:
one sentence sketch

Could you explain this? Is it an internal center of homothety of the 2 circles? How is AB the geometric mean of CY and YD?
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gentlemantommy
28 posts
#15 • 4 Y
Y by adihaya, ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
AB is geometric mean of DY and YC. Please read the attachment.
Attachments:
A Proof_AB is geometric mean of DY and CY.pdf (333kb)
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JacobGuo
3281 posts
#16 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Wow, Thanks.

How did you find angles $\angle XYD$ and $\angle XYC$? It looks like you used those to prove that $\angle DXY = \angle CXY$? (You don't have to give me the details. I have already seen another proof of this fact).

Also what do you mean by "Homothety from the two circle due to concyclic $ABCD$? I just want to know the general idea. One thing I'm not sure of is: is it an internal or external center of homothety? Thanks.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by JacobGuo, Apr 19, 2016, 4:14 AM
Reason: clarify
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PepsiCola
85 posts
#19 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Funny Solution
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mathchampion1
3895 posts
#20 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Am I the only one that tried inversion? Just kidding.
Cool problem, though.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by mathchampion1, Aug 27, 2018, 7:24 PM
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277546
1607 posts
#21 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Wow very difficult AIME problem.
My solution is similar to djmathman's but dumber since it doesn't use any extensions.
Solution
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by 277546, Aug 27, 2018, 7:53 PM
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pilover123
461 posts
#23 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
djmathman wrote:
Very nice problem.

Solution

What is the motivation behind drawing the line parallel to $AB$ through $Y$?

@below Thank you, I understand now. It's crazy how one line can result in so many key observations. I guess it simply comes with intuition after solving many problems.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by pilover123, Sep 15, 2018, 11:05 PM
Reason: alkjsdlkjflkjaslkjdf
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djmathman
7938 posts
#24 • 3 Y
Y by pilover123, ImSh95, Adventure10
@above: honestly, I'm not sure; it's been two years since I solved this. I think I wanted to exploit the fact that $M$ is a midpoint, and it just so happened that constructing the line did the trick.

For what it's worth, you can get the same result by doing something less tricky. Note that $\angle BAY = \angle ADY$ from the tangency condition and that $\angle AYB=\angle DAY$ from the fact that $PAYB$ is a parallelogram; this means $\triangle ADY\sim\triangle YAB\, (*)$, and by applying analogous logic we see that $\triangle YAB\sim \triangle BYC \,(\dagger)$. Hence \[\frac{AB}{DY} \stackrel{(*)}= \frac{BY}{YA} \stackrel{(\dagger)}= \frac{CY}{AB},\]so $AB^2 = DY\cdot CY$.
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Plops
946 posts
#25 • 3 Y
Y by ImSh95, Adventure10, Mango247
Lets go spiral similarity!
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Plops, Jan 5, 2020, 6:44 PM
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franchester
1487 posts
#26 • 1 Y
Y by ImSh95
solution
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asdf334
7585 posts
#27 • 2 Y
Y by centslordm, ImSh95
Let lines $AD$ and $BC$ concur at a point $E$. Since the power of $E$ with respect to $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ is the same, $E$ lies on $XY$. It is well known that the midpoint $M$ of $AB$ lies on $XY$. Additionally, it's easy to show that $EABX$ is cyclic, since $X$ is a Miquel Point of $\triangle EDC$. Simple angle chasing shows that $\triangle EDX \sim \triangle BAX \sim \triangle CEX$, and we can also find that $$ME \cdot MX=MA^2=MX\cdot MY \rightarrow ME=MY,$$and using the three similar triangles we found earlier gives $$XD\cdot XC=XE^2=(MX+ME)^2=(2MX+XY)^2 \rightarrow (37)(67)=(2MX+47)^2 \rightarrow MX=\frac{\sqrt{37\cdot 67}-47}{2}.$$So, $$AB^2=4MA^2=4(MX)(MX+47)=(\sqrt{37\cdot 67}-47)(\sqrt{37\cdot 67}+47)=37\cdot 67-47^2=\boxed{270}.$$
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HamstPan38825
8866 posts
#28 • 4 Y
Y by Geometry285, Dansman2838, rayfish, ImSh95
This is a difficult problem for AIME (subjectively — or it may just be that I'm not necessarily the best at spotting similar triangles), but contains a rich and beautiful configuration. Definitely one of my favorite AIME problems ever.

We present three solutions, which all begin in a similar fashion. Let $P = \overline{AD} \cap \overline{BC}$, which lies on $\overline{XY}$ by radical axis. Furthermore, let $M = \overline{XY} \cap \overline{AB}$.

Claim. $AYBP$ is a parallelogram.

Proof. $AM=MB$ by radical axis, and $$MX \cdot MY = MA^2 = MX \cdot MP \iff MY = MP,$$hence the result. $\blacksquare$

Claim. $\overline{XY}$ bisects $\angle CXD$.

Proof. Angle chasing. In particular, $$\measuredangle CXY = \measuredangle CBY = \measuredangle YAD = \measuredangle YXD$$by the parallelogram in the previous claim. $\blacksquare$

Solution 1 (Construction). Construct a line $\ell$ through $M$ such that $\ell \parallel \overline{CD}$, and let $\ell$ meet $\overline{PC}, \overline{PD}$ at $C', D'$. Note that $AC'BD'$ is cyclic because $$\measuredangle CBA = \measuredangle CDA = \measuredangle C'D'A,$$so $$MA^2 = MC' \cdot MD' = \frac 14(CY \cdot YD)$$by power of a point. Set $CY = 67x, YD = 37x$ via the angle bisector theorem. Then Stewart's theorem implies $$67^2x \cdot 37 + 37^2x \cdot 67 = 104x((37 \cdot 67)x^2+47^2) \iff AB^2 = DY \cdot YC = 37 \cdot 67 - 47^2 = \boxed{270}.$$
Solution 2 (Similarity). Alternatively, one can compute lengths along $\overline{PY}$ directly. Observe the similarity $\triangle PXD \sim \triangle CXP$, which yields $$PX = \sqrt{CX \cdot XD} = \sqrt{67 \cdot 37},$$so we can compute $$AB^2 = 4\left(\frac{\sqrt{67 \cdot 37} +47} 2 - 47\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{67 \cdot 37}+47}2\right) = 67 \cdot 36 - 47^2 = \boxed{270}.$$
Solution 3 (Similar Quadrilaterals) Alternatively, one can arrive at $AB^2 = YC \cdot YD$ without the construction: note by angle chasing that $\measuredangle BAY = \measuredangle ADY$ and $\measuredangle YCB = \measuredangle YBA$. We also have $\frac{YC}{BC} = \frac{AB}{BY}$ by $\triangle BYA \sim \triangle CBY$. Hence $BAYC \sim YDAB$, so $\frac{BA}{YC} = \frac{YD}{AB}$, implying the result.

Remark. The similarity in Solution 2 implies that $$\frac{CX}{XD} = \frac{CY}{YD} = \left(\frac{PC}{PD}\right)^2,$$so $\overline{PY}$ is a symmedian in $\triangle PCD$. Per post #19, we can also deduce this by inverting through $P$ with radius $\sqrt{PB \cdot PC}$ and then radical axis on $(PCD), \omega_1,\omega_2$ by definition.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by HamstPan38825, Oct 25, 2021, 1:19 AM
Reason: typo
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ike.chen
1162 posts
#29 • 1 Y
Y by ImSh95
Holy cow this configuration is so nice :-D.

Walk-Through:

$\bullet$ Let $M = AB \cap XY$ and $K = AD \cap BC$. By Radical Axes, we know $K$ lies on $XY$ and $MA = MB$.
$\bullet$ By Miquel's Theorem, we know $AKBX$ is cyclic, so $$MX \cdot MY = Pow_{\omega_1}(M) = MA^2 = MA \cdot MB = Pow_{(AKBX)}(M) = MX \cdot MK$$(where we consider the absolute value of all quantities).
$\bullet$ Hence, we have $MY = MK$, so $AKBY$ is a parallelogram.
$\bullet$ Note: The previous result can also be shown by noting $$\angle AYK = \angle AYX = \angle BAX = \angle BKX = \angle BKY$$which yields $AY \parallel BK$. Utilizing symmetric angle chasing to prove $AK \parallel BY$ finishes.
$\bullet$ Now, it's easy to see $$KXD \sim KAY \sim YBK \sim CXK$$which implies $$XK^2 = XC \cdot XD = 37 \cdot 67.$$$\bullet$ To finish, we note $$AB^2 = 4 \cdot MA^2 = 4(MA \cdot MB) = 4 \cdot Pow_{(AKBX)}(M) = 4 \cdot MX \cdot MK$$which is easy to find via currently known lengths.


Other Observations:
$\bullet$ By anti-parallel lines, we know $KY$ is the $K$-symmedian of $KCD$.
$\bullet$ Using POP, similar triangles, and parallelogram $AKBY$, we can deduce $$\frac{CY}{YD} = \left( \frac{KC}{KD} \right)^2 = \frac{67}{37} = \frac{XC}{XD}$$so $XY$ bisects $\angle CXD$.
$\bullet$ Edit: The previous result can also be shown via angle chasing... oops.
$\bullet$ Added Later: I just realized that $X$ is the $P$-Dumpty point of $PCD$.
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by ike.chen, Nov 22, 2021, 2:29 AM
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Mogmog8
1080 posts
#30 • 5 Y
Y by centslordm, asdf334, megarnie, rayfish, ImSh95
Let $Z=\overline{BC}\cap\overline{AD}\cap\overline{XY}$ by Radical Axis. Notice $AXBZ$ is cyclic since $$\measuredangle XAZ=\measuredangle XYD=\measuredangle XYC=\measuredangle XBZ.$$Hence, $$\measuredangle ZCX=\measuredangle ABX=\measuredangle AZX$$and similarly $\measuredangle XDA=\measuredangle XZB.$ Therefore, $\triangle CXZ\sim\triangle ZXD$ and $XZ/XC=DX/XZ$ and $XZ^2=37\cdot 67.$ Also, $$\measuredangle ZBA=\measuredangle CBA=\measuredangle CDA=\measuredangle YAB$$so $\overline{AY}\parallel\overline{BZ}$ and similarly $\overline{AZ}\parallel\overline{BY}.$ Thus, $W=\overline{AB}\cap\overline{ZY}$ is the midpoint of $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{ZY}.$ Then, $$\tfrac{1}{4}AB^2=AW^2=WX\cdot WY=\left(\frac{\sqrt{37\cdot 67}+47}{2}-47\right)\left(\frac{\sqrt{37\cdot 67}+47}{2}\right)=\frac{37\cdot 67-47^2}{4}=\frac{270}{4}$$so $\boxed{270}.$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Mogmog8, Jan 14, 2022, 1:11 AM
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daijobu
527 posts
#31 • 1 Y
Y by ImSh95
Video Solution
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sugar_rush
1341 posts
#32 • 4 Y
Y by ImSh95, Mango247, Mango247, Mango247
Very nice problem.

Solution

Why do you have to use Stewart's theorem…
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fuzimiao2013
3302 posts
#33 • 1 Y
Y by ImSh95
sugar_rush wrote:
Very nice problem.

Solution

Why do you have to use Stewart's theorem…

Why not
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samrocksnature
8791 posts
#34 • 1 Y
Y by ImSh95
Does anyone have oly geo problems with the same config?
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Leo.Euler
577 posts
#35 • 1 Y
Y by ImSh95
samrocksnature wrote:
Does anyone have oly geo problems with the same config?

If you are looking for that really nice symmedian configuration, then I recommend searching chapter 4 of EGMO to find one.

Use an inversion centered at $P$ :rotfl:
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by Leo.Euler, Nov 24, 2022, 11:52 PM
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Bluesoul
898 posts
#36 • 5 Y
Y by samrocksnature, ImSh95, Mango247, Mango247, Mango247
Firstly, we extend $CA,DB$, it is true that $CA,YX,DB$ meets at a same point, call it $P$.

Then, $X$ is the miquel point of $\triangle{PCD}$, $A,X,B,P$ are concyclic. We do little angle chasing.

As $AB$ is tangent to $\omega_1, \omega_2$, we can see $\angle{XBA}=\angle{XDB}=\angle{APX}$, similarly, $\angle{XAB}=\angle{XPB}=\angle{XCP}$, thus $\triangle{PXD}\sim \triangle{CXP}, XP^2=XC\cdot XD=37\cdot 67$

Then, $\angle{XCA}=\angle{XYA}=\angle{YPB}; \angle{XDB}=\angle{XYB}=\angle{APY}; AP||BY; BP||AY$, $PBYA$ is a parallelogram. Then, $PY, AB$ bisect each, call their intersection $M$.

Now, we set $XK=x, KP=KY=x+47$. $XP=2x+47=\sqrt{37\cdot 67}$.

Now, we see that $AK^2=\frac{AB^2}{4}=(x+47)\cdot x$, plug $x=\frac{\sqrt{37\cdot 67}-47}{2}$ in, we attain $AB^2=4AK^2=\boxed{270}$
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r00tsOfUnity
695 posts
#37 • 1 Y
Y by ImSh95
Solution
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Hayabusa1
478 posts
#38 • 1 Y
Y by ImSh95
Great problem! This one involves radical axis, PoP, angle chasing, similar triangles.
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peace09
5419 posts
#39 • 2 Y
Y by ImSh95, channing421
radical center is so tempting that it's easy to overlook the status quo; specifically, i believe every solution except franchester's in @#26 constructs auxiliarily

https://cdn.artofproblemsolving.com/attachments/f/9/0f7a587c009f84653897081cf31d20460083f5.png

We have $\angle AYD=180^\circ-\angle BAD$ by the $AB\cap\omega_1$ tangency and $180^\circ-\angle BAD=\angle BCD$ by $ABCD$ cyclicity, giving $\angle AYD=\angle BCD$ or $AY\parallel BC$. Analogously
\[\angle BYC=180^\circ-\angle ABC=\angle ADC\iff BY\parallel AD.\]These parallelities and tangencies imply that $\angle DAY=\angle AYB=\angle YBC$ and $\angle ADY=\angle YAB=\angle BYC$. It follows that $\triangle ADY\sim\triangle YAB\sim\triangle BYC$ by AA Similarity, and additionally because $\tfrac{AD}{AY}=\tfrac{YA}{YB}\iff AD\cdot BY=YA^2$, these triangles are in "geometric progression".* Specifically, $AB^2=DY\cdot CY$.

Now $\angle DXY=\angle DAY=\alpha=\angle CBY=\angle CXY$ i.e. $XY$ bisects $\angle CXD$. So by the Angle Bisector Theorem $(37k,67k):=(DY,CY)$ for some $k$, and by Stewart's
\begin{align*}
man+dad&=bmb+cnc\\
37k\cdot104k\cdot67k+47\cdot104k\cdot47&=37\cdot67k\cdot37+67\cdot37k+67\\
104k(37k\cdot67k+47^2)&=37\cdot67\cdot104k\\
37k\cdot67k+47^2&=37\cdot67\\
37k\cdot67k&=37\cdot67-47^2.
\end{align*}But $37k\cdot67k=DY\cdot CY=AB^2$, the desired quantity, ergo $37\cdot67-47^2=\boxed{270}$.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by peace09, Jun 17, 2023, 6:56 PM
Reason: wording
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Leo.Euler
577 posts
#40
Y by
Extend $\overline{AD}$ and $\overline{BC}$ to meet at point $P$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of segment $AB$. Then by radical axis on $(ADY)$, $(BCY)$ and $(ABCD)$, $P$ lies on $XY$. By the bisector lemma, $M$ lies on $XY$. It is well-known that $P$, $A$, $X$, and $B$ are concyclic. By Power of a point on $M$ with respect to $(PAXB)$ and $(ADY)$, \[ |\text{Pow}(M, (PAXB))| = MX \cdot MP = MA^2 = |\text{Pow}(M, (ADY))| = MX \cdot MY, \]so $MP=MY$. Thus $AB$ and $PY$ bisect each other, so $PAYB$ is a parallelogram. This implies that \[ \angle DAY = \angle YBC, \]so by the inscribed angle theorem $\overline{XY}$ bisects $\angle DXC$.

Claim: $AB^2 = DY \cdot YC$.
Proof. Define the linear function $f(\bullet) := \text{Pow}(\bullet, (ADY)) - \text{Pow}(\bullet, (ABCD))$. Since $\overline{BY}$ is parallel to the radical axis $\overline{AD}$ of $(ADY)$ and $(ABCD)$ by our previous parallelism, $f(B)=f(Y)$. Note that $f(B)=AB^2$ while $f(Y)=DY \cdot YC$, so we conclude.
:yoda:

By Stewart's theorem on $\triangle DXC$, $DY \cdot YC=37 \cdot 67 - 47^2 = 270$, so $AB^2=\boxed{270}$.
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ihatemath123
3446 posts
#41
Y by
This is such a beautiful AIME problem :D

By homothety or whatnot, it follows that $\overline{AD} \parallel \overline{BY}$ and $\overline{AY} \parallel \overline{BC}$. Let $Z$ be the intersection of lines $AD$ and $BC$. By the radical axis theorem on $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$ and $(ABCD)$, it follows that $Z$, $X$ and $Y$ are collinear. Thus, $ZAYB$ is in fact a parallelogram.

Now, note that
\[ \angle DXY = \angle DAY = \angle DZC = \angle YBC = \angle YXC,\]so $\overline{XY}$ is the angle bisector of $\angle DXY$. The formula
\[ XD \cdot XC - XY^2 = YD \cdot YC, \]so $YD \cdot YC = 67 \cdot 37 - 47^2$.

On the other hand, since $\triangle DAY \sim \triangle AYB \sim \triangle YBC$, it follows that lengths $DY$, $AB$ and $YC$ form a geometric sequence in that order, hence
\[ AB^2 = 67 \cdot 37 - 47^2 = \boxed{270}.\]
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Shreyasharma
682 posts
#42
Y by
Remark that the condition boils down to $XY$ bisects $\angle CXD$ and the fact that $BC \parallel AY$ and $AD \parallel BY$. Then as $\triangle YAB \sim \triangle ADY \sim \triangle BYC$ which implies $AB^2 = DY \cdot CY$. However then to finish we may use Stewart's on $\triangle XCD$ to extract $DY \cdot YC = 37 \cdot 67 - 47^2 = 270$.

Note: I got the entire problem, except for how to extract $AB^2$, so I guess look for similar triangles with unknown length.
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Ilikeminecraft
644 posts
#44
Y by
Let $Z$ denote the midpoint of $AB.$ Let $T = AC\cap XY \cap BD$.
We clearly have $TBXA$ is cyclic since $\angle ATB = 180 - \angle AXB.$
Note that $TBYA$ is a parallelogram because $\angle YTB = \angle XAB = \angle AYX.$
Hence, we have that $XY$ bisects $\angle CXD.$
Thus, if $YC = 67x, XD = 37x,$ we have $67\cdot37\cdot104 x^3 + 47^2\cdot104x = 67\cdot 37^2x + 67^2\cdot 37x,$ or $CY\cdot YD = 67\cdot37x^2 = 67\cdot37 + 47^2 = 270.$
Next, note that $CAY\sim YBD\sim YAB,$ but $\frac{YC}{AB} = \frac{AB}{YD}.$
Thus, the answer is $\boxed{\sqrt{270}}$
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