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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
[list][*]May 9th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, Casework 2: Overwhelming Evidence — A Text Adventure, a game where participants will work together to navigate the map, solve puzzles, and win! All are welcome.
[*]May 19th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, What's Next After Beast Academy?, designed for students finishing Beast Academy and ready for Prealgebra 1.
[*]May 20th, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 1 Math Jam, Problems 1 to 4, join the Canada/USA Mathcamp staff for this exciting Math Jam, where they discuss solutions to Problems 1 to 4 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz!
[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Interesting inequalities
sqing   13
N 29 minutes ago by sqing
Source: Own
Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 , (a+k )(b+c)=k+1.$ Prove that
$$\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq  \frac{2k-3+2\sqrt{k+1}}{3k-1}$$Where $ k\geq \frac{2}{3}.$
Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 , (a+1)(b+c)=2.$ Prove that
$$\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-1$$Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 , (a+3)(b+c)=4.$ Prove that
$$\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq  \frac{7}{4}$$Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 , (3a+2)(b+c)= 5.$ Prove that
$$\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\geq  \frac{2(2\sqrt{15}-5)}{3}$$
13 replies
sqing
May 10, 2025
sqing
29 minutes ago
Inspired by 2022 MARBLE - Mock ARML
sqing   2
N 32 minutes ago by sqing
Source: Own
Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 , \frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}= 5 $ and $ \frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=32. $ Prove that $$\frac{3}{2}>ab+bc+ca \geq  \frac{49}{34}$$Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 ,ab+bc+ca = \frac{49}{34} $ and $ \frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=32. $ Prove that $$\frac{51}{10}>\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\geq5$$Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 ,ab+bc+ca = \frac{49}{34} $ and $ \frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}=5. $ Prove that $$\frac{63}{2}<\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\leq32$$
2 replies
sqing
Yesterday at 1:34 PM
sqing
32 minutes ago
Beijing High School Mathematics Competition 2025 Q1
SunnyEvan   3
N 40 minutes ago by sqing
Let $ a,b,c,d \in R^+ $. Prove that:
$$ \frac{1}{a^4+b^4+c^4+abcd}+\frac{1}{b^4+c^4+d^4+abcd}+\frac{1}{c^4+d^4+a^4+abcd}+\frac{1}{d^4+a^4+b^4+abcd} \leq \frac{1}{abcd} $$
3 replies
SunnyEvan
Yesterday at 6:10 AM
sqing
40 minutes ago
Convergence of complex sequence
Rohit-2006   1
N 44 minutes ago by ohiorizzler1434
Suppose $z_1, z_2,\cdots,z_k$ are complex numbers with absolute value $1$. For $n=1,2,\cdots$ define $w_n=z_1^n+z_2^n+\cdots+z_k^n$. Given that the sequence $(w_n)_{n\geq1}$ converges. Show that,
$$z_1=z_2=\cdots=z_k=1$$.
1 reply
Rohit-2006
Saturday at 7:56 PM
ohiorizzler1434
44 minutes ago
hard number theory problem
danilorj   3
N an hour ago by ohiorizzler1434
Let \( a \) and \( b \) be positive integers. Prove that
\[
a^2 + \left\lceil \frac{4a^2}{b} \right\rceil
\]is not a perfect square.
3 replies
danilorj
Yesterday at 10:51 AM
ohiorizzler1434
an hour ago
Transposition?
EeEeRUT   2
N an hour ago by Bluecloud123
Source: Thailand MO 2025 P8
For each integer sequence $a_1, a_2, a_3, \dots, a_n$, a single parity swapping is to choose $2$ terms in this sequence, say $a_i$ and $a_j$, such that $a_i + a_j$ is odd, then switch their placement, while the other terms stay in place. This creates a new sequence.

Find the minimal number of single parity swapping to transform the sequence $1,2,3, \dots, 2025$ to $2025, \dots, 3, 2, 1$, using only single parity swapping.
2 replies
EeEeRUT
May 14, 2025
Bluecloud123
an hour ago
Batman chases the Joker on a square board
Lukaluce   1
N 2 hours ago by navier3072
Source: 2025 Junior Macedonian Mathematical Olympiad P1
Batman, Robin, and The Joker are in three of the vertex cells in a square $2025 \times 2025$ board, such that Batman and Robin are on the same diagonal (picture). In each round, first The Joker moves to an adjacent cell (having a common side), without exiting the board. Then in the same round Batman and Robin move to an adjacent cell. The Joker wins if he reaches the fourth "target" vertex cell (marked T). Batman and Robin win if they catch The Joker i.e. at least one of them is on the same cell as The Joker.

If in each move all three can see where the others moved, who has a winning strategy, The Joker, or Batman and Robin? Explain the answer.

Comment. Batman and Robin decide their common strategy at the beginning.

IMAGE
1 reply
Lukaluce
Yesterday at 3:23 PM
navier3072
2 hours ago
Foot from vertex to Euler line
cjquines0   31
N 3 hours ago by awesomeming327.
Source: 2016 IMO Shortlist G5
Let $D$ be the foot of perpendicular from $A$ to the Euler line (the line passing through the circumcentre and the orthocentre) of an acute scalene triangle $ABC$. A circle $\omega$ with centre $S$ passes through $A$ and $D$, and it intersects sides $AB$ and $AC$ at $X$ and $Y$ respectively. Let $P$ be the foot of altitude from $A$ to $BC$, and let $M$ be the midpoint of $BC$. Prove that the circumcentre of triangle $XSY$ is equidistant from $P$ and $M$.
31 replies
cjquines0
Jul 19, 2017
awesomeming327.
3 hours ago
Integer polynomial commutes with sum of digits
cjquines0   43
N 3 hours ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: 2016 IMO Shortlist N1
For any positive integer $k$, denote the sum of digits of $k$ in its decimal representation by $S(k)$. Find all polynomials $P(x)$ with integer coefficients such that for any positive integer $n \geq 2016$, the integer $P(n)$ is positive and $$S(P(n)) = P(S(n)).$$
Proposed by Warut Suksompong, Thailand
43 replies
cjquines0
Jul 19, 2017
Ilikeminecraft
3 hours ago
3^x+4xy=5^y diophantine
parmenides51   8
N 4 hours ago by shendrew7
Source: 2020 ℕumber Theory Contest (USAJMO level) #1 https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c594864h2339943p18855098
Find all ordered pairs of natural numbers $(x,y)$ such that$$3^x+4xy=5^y.$$
Proposed by i3435
8 replies
parmenides51
Dec 3, 2023
shendrew7
4 hours ago
D1035 : Super TVI 2
Dattier   0
4 hours ago
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Let $f \in C([0,1])$. Is it true that $\exists a \in \left[0;\dfrac 13\right] \cup  \left[\dfrac 23; 1 \right]  , |f(a)| \leq 4 |f(1-a)|$ ?
0 replies
Dattier
4 hours ago
0 replies
Grand finale of 2021 Iberoamerican MO
jbaca   5
N 5 hours ago by MathLuis
Source: 2021 Iberoamerican Mathematical Olympiad, P6
Consider a $n$-sided regular polygon, $n \geq 4$, and let $V$ be a subset of $r$ vertices of the polygon. Show that if $r(r-3) \geq n$, then there exist at least two congruent triangles whose vertices belong to $V$.
5 replies
jbaca
Oct 20, 2021
MathLuis
5 hours ago
IMO Shortlist 2010 - Problem N1
Amir Hossein   50
N 5 hours ago by shendrew7
Find the least positive integer $n$ for which there exists a set $\{s_1, s_2, \ldots , s_n\}$ consisting of $n$ distinct positive integers such that
\[ \left( 1 - \frac{1}{s_1} \right) \left( 1 - \frac{1}{s_2} \right) \cdots \left( 1 - \frac{1}{s_n} \right) = \frac{51}{2010}.\]

Proposed by Daniel Brown, Canada
50 replies
Amir Hossein
Jul 17, 2011
shendrew7
5 hours ago
D1034 : Super TVI
Dattier   0
5 hours ago
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Let $f \in C([0,1])$. Is it true that $\exists a \in \left[0;\dfrac 12\right], |f(a)| \leq 8 |f(1-a)|$ ?
0 replies
Dattier
5 hours ago
0 replies
Computational Calculus - SMT 2025
Munmun5   3
N Apr 21, 2025 by alexheinis
Source: SMT 2025
1. Consider the set of all continuous and infinitely differentiable functions $f$ with domain $[0,2025]$ satisfying $$f(0)=0,f'(0)=0,f'(2025)=1$$and $f''$ is strictly increasing on $[0,2025]$ Compute smallest real M such that all functions in this set ,$f(2025)<M$ .
2. Polynomials $$A(x)=ax^3+abx^2-4x-c$$$$B(x)=bx^3+bcx^2-6x-a$$$$C(x)=cx^3+cax^2-9x-b$$have local extrema at $b,c,a$ respectively. find $abc$ . Here $a,b,c$ are constants .
3. Let $R$ be the region in the complex plane enclosed by curve $$f(x)=e^{ix}+e^{2ix}+\frac{e^{3ix}}{3}$$for $0\leq x\leq 2\pi$. Compute perimeter of $R$ .
3 replies
Munmun5
Apr 21, 2025
alexheinis
Apr 21, 2025
Computational Calculus - SMT 2025
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G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: SMT 2025
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Munmun5
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1. Consider the set of all continuous and infinitely differentiable functions $f$ with domain $[0,2025]$ satisfying $$f(0)=0,f'(0)=0,f'(2025)=1$$and $f''$ is strictly increasing on $[0,2025]$ Compute smallest real M such that all functions in this set ,$f(2025)<M$ .
2. Polynomials $$A(x)=ax^3+abx^2-4x-c$$$$B(x)=bx^3+bcx^2-6x-a$$$$C(x)=cx^3+cax^2-9x-b$$have local extrema at $b,c,a$ respectively. find $abc$ . Here $a,b,c$ are constants .
3. Let $R$ be the region in the complex plane enclosed by curve $$f(x)=e^{ix}+e^{2ix}+\frac{e^{3ix}}{3}$$for $0\leq x\leq 2\pi$. Compute perimeter of $R$ .
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by Munmun5, Apr 21, 2025, 2:56 PM
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Munmun5
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Anyone ?
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Etkan
1568 posts
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Well, in 2 for example the condition means that the derivatives of these polynomials are $0$ when evaluated at $b,c,a$. What can you get from there?
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alexheinis
10608 posts
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1. I will scale and consider the problem on $[0,1]$ instead. Now $f'$ has an increasing derivative. hence $f'$ is convex and $f'(x)\le x$ for $x\in [0,1]$. Then $f(1)= \int_0^1 f'(t)dt\le \int_0^1 t dt=1/2$. If we have equality then $f''(x)\equiv 1$ which is not allowed. Hence we can take $M=1/2$.
Now consider $f''(x)=a+bx$ with $a:=1-d,b=2d$ and $d>0$. Then $f(1)={{3-d}\over 6}$ with an explicit calculation. Hence $M=1/2$ is optimal.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by alexheinis, Apr 21, 2025, 11:43 PM
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