AoPS Academy
[/quote]
, do not answer with "
is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "
is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
(0<x<2π)
be a function satisfying
for all integers 
and 
. Show that there exist positive integers 
and 
such that 
for all integers .
such that ![\[f(xy-1)+f(x)f(y)=2xy-1,\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/8/8/8/888ca39f2b7f8cec6d6426bee28d40eade40a66e.png)
for any real numbers 
and 
![\[
f : \mathbb{R}^+ \to \mathbb{R}
\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/e/7/b/e7bfc5b236fb6f00ef328f850b1b14632cbf8416.png)
satisfying the condition that for all 
,![\[
f(x + y^2) \geq f(x) + y.
\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/3/a/a/3aa20083835682dbd81be692eba65cab19e923e5.png)
of positive integers with 
prime, 
, and 
, such that 
is a multiple of 
.
a point in the space and 
the centroid of a tetrahedron 
. Prove that:
be a logarithmic spiral centered at the origin (ie curve satisfying for any point 
on it, line 
makes a fixed angle with the tangent to at ). Let 
be a rectangular hyperbola centered at the origin, scaled such that it is tangent to the logarithmic spiral at some point.
on the spiral, the polar of wrt. is tangent to the spiral.
with domain ![$[0,2025]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/d/1/7/d17ac41d54c4b1888fb8bb43cf11b372691694a0.png)
satisfying 
and 
is strictly increasing on Compute smallest real M such that all functions in this set ,
.
have local extrema at 
respectively. find 
. Here 
are constants .
be the region in the complex plane enclosed by curve 
for 
. Compute perimeter of .
be a monic polynomial so that there exists another real coefficients 
that satisfy![\[P(x^2-2)=P(x)Q(x)\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/6/9/7/697faa929e4fda7a6e9b1cd97849bd42ffc14306.png)
Determine all complex roots that are possible from that satisfies (a), determine whether should have real coefficients or not.
with exactly 9 elements that is subset of 
. Prove that there exist two subsets 
and 
that satisfy the following: and are non-empty subsets from , and are equal, and
is an empty subset.
-excenter of 
is 
and 
. The foot from 
to 
is 
and 
. The intersection of 
and 
is . The circumcenter of 
is .
is tangent to the -excircle if is on the incircle of .
, whether or not the polynomial 
irreducible over 
?
where we have the counterclockwise-oriented linear paths:
for ![$t\in[0,1]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/e/7/0/e70754c1efb07bd54438989e7e001bafb98b429a.png)
;
for ![$t\in[0,2]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/a/c/f/acf32b254b3a5ebc23c07d5ca0c5a708d6f764b7.png)
;
for .
, then this leads to:
;
;
.
,
where the curve 
is the boundary of the portion of plane 
in the first octant, traversed in the counterclockwise direction as viewed from above, using the definition of line integral and the Stokes's theorem.
