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  • ...n [[geometry]], and is one of the many tools in a good geometer's arsenal. A very large number of geometry problems can be solved by building right tria In these proofs, we will let <math>ABC </math> be any right triangle with a right angle at <math>{} C </math>.
    5 KB (886 words) - 13:51, 15 May 2024
  • ...and the third is tangent to the first circle and the <math>y</math>-axis. A circle of radius <math>r > s</math> is tangent to both axes and to the seco <math> (\mathrm {A}) \ 5 \qquad (\mathrm {B}) \ 6 \qquad (\mathrm {C})\ 8 \qquad (\mathrm {D})
    2 KB (307 words) - 15:30, 30 March 2024
  • If you don't know much about how to edit a wiki, you might want to read the [[AoPS_Wiki:Tutorial|tutorial]] and the [[
    2 KB (258 words) - 14:05, 15 November 2023
  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 1 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 2\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 3\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 4\qquad\ {{AMC10 box|year=2016|ab=A|num-b=1|num-a=3}}
    1 KB (190 words) - 10:58, 16 June 2023
  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ \$37.50 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ \$50.00\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ \$87.50\qquad\tex {{AMC10 box|year=2016|ab=A|num-b=2|num-a=4}}
    1 KB (176 words) - 10:58, 16 June 2023
  • <math>\textbf{(A) } -\frac{3}{8} \qquad \textbf{(B) } -\frac{1}{40} \qquad \textbf{(C) } 0 \ Do note that the denominator of the answer will be a multiple of 5 and 8 (40) and that the answer will also be negative. The onl
    2 KB (257 words) - 10:57, 16 June 2023
  • A rectangular box has integer side lengths in the ratio <math>1: 3: 4</math>. <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 48\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 56\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 64\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 96\qqu
    1 KB (184 words) - 13:58, 22 August 2023
  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 13\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 26\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 102\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 103\q ...act 1. Because 2 appears 10 times as a tens digit and 2 appears 3 times as a units digit, the answer is <math>10\cdot 10+1\cdot 3=\boxed{\textbf{(D) }10
    967 bytes (143 words) - 03:18, 27 June 2023
  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 50 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 60 \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 75 \qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 90 Note: if the mean of a set is in the set, it can be discarded and the mean of the remaining number
    2 KB (268 words) - 18:19, 27 September 2023
  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 20 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 30\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 35\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 40\qq {{AMC10 box|year=2016|ab=A|num-b=7|num-a=9}}
    1 KB (169 words) - 14:59, 8 August 2021
  • A triangular array of <math>2016</math> coins has <math>1</math> coin in the <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 6\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 7\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 8\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 9\qquad\t
    2 KB (315 words) - 15:34, 18 June 2022
  • A rug is made with three different colors as shown. The areas of the three di <math>\textbf{(A) } 1 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 2 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 4 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 6 \
    2 KB (337 words) - 14:56, 25 June 2023
  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 4\dfrac{3}{5} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 5\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 5\dfrac{1}{4} \ ...{2}</math>, and slide the left and right pieces next to each other to form a parallelogram with base <math>1</math> and height <math>\frac{8}{2}</math>.
    8 KB (1,016 words) - 00:17, 31 December 2023
  • .../math>. Which of the following transformations will return <math>\triangle A''B''C''</math> to <math>\triangle ABC</math>? <math>\textbf{(A)}</math> counterclockwise rotation about the origin by <math>90^{\circ}</ma
    1 KB (235 words) - 14:52, 25 June 2023
  • ...<math>1</math> and <math>2016</math>, inclusive. Which of the following is a correct statement about the probability <math>p</math> that the product of <math>\textbf{(A)}\ p<\dfrac{1}{8}\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ p=\dfrac{1}{8}\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ \dfr
    2 KB (297 words) - 14:54, 25 June 2023
  • Five friends sat in a movie theater in a row containing <math>5</math> seats, numbered <math>1</math> to <math>5</ma <math>\textbf{(A) }1 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 2 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 3 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 4\qq
    2 KB (402 words) - 14:54, 25 June 2023
  • * [http://www.mindresearch.org/gameathon/ Game-a-thon] challenges students to design and build math games in this national c * [http://www.mathnasium.com/trimathlon National Trimathlon] is a fun filled Math Competition for kids in grades 3 through 6.
    4 KB (473 words) - 16:14, 1 May 2024
  • ...ath/puzzle competitions for middle schoolers with a focus towards creating a fun and collaborative environment. * [[AMC 8]] hosted by the [[American Mathematics Competitions]] is a very large middle school math contest taken in-school. ([http://www.maa.org
    7 KB (792 words) - 10:14, 23 April 2024
  • * [http://homeschoolmathcontests.com Homeschool Math Contests] has a chart of math contests open to individuals (homeschooled and otherwise), an * [[Mu Alpha Theta]] -- hosts both local and a national competition.
    5 KB (583 words) - 17:26, 21 February 2024
  • This is a directory of internal links to more helpful pages about mathematics competi
    4 KB (406 words) - 11:20, 26 February 2021
  • Alabama's math competition community is fairly large and active and there are a number of quality contests around the state for both middle and high school * [[Mobile Math Olympiad]] -- Winners are invited to a national competition. [http://www.southalabama.edu/mathstat/info/schedules/
    3 KB (411 words) - 21:32, 8 December 2014
  • .... These programs mostly take place during the summer, but some last during a significant portion of the academic year. Selection is important in creatin ...programs listed below offer [[mathematics scholarships]] or financial aid. A few of them are free. When you discover more that do, please add that infor
    14 KB (1,869 words) - 20:06, 18 May 2024
  • '''{MathILy, MathILy-Er}''' are a pair of intensive 5-week-long residential summer math programs for high sch ...ts for about 7 hours a day total, in a morning and evening shift, six days a week. The lead instructors are mathematicians with Ph.D.s and the apprenti
    5 KB (706 words) - 23:49, 29 January 2024
  • ...generous stipends for up to $90,000 for students training to teach math at a New York City high school. [http://www.mathforamerica.org/home website]
    3 KB (409 words) - 15:02, 28 January 2022
  • ...t important such competition in the world. The 3 ISEF winners each receive a <dollar/>50,000 scholarship. [http://www.sciserv.org/isef website] ...in exchange for summer internships and a year of work after graduation in a DoD lab. [http://smart.asee.org/ website]
    7 KB (851 words) - 10:54, 29 January 2022
  • * Current high school senior enrolled in a U.S. high school * Declare/Intend to declare a science or technology-related major (pure mathematics does not count)
    894 bytes (123 words) - 15:48, 13 June 2022
  • Math competitions differ widely in difficulty and content. Most test a broader range of mathematics curriculum and some focus on methods of [[math
    698 bytes (88 words) - 14:36, 24 January 2024
  • ...nals Countdown Round participants in the past decade. '''MATHCOUNTS''' is a large national [[mathematics competition]] and [[mathematics coaching]] pro 8 problems are given 2 at a time. Students have 6 minutes to complete each set of two problems. Studen
    10 KB (1,506 words) - 21:31, 14 May 2024
  • *[http://www.mathnasium.com/trimathlon National Trimathlon] is a fun filled Math Competition for kids in grades 3 through 6. * [[Southern California Mathematics Competition]], a new contest hosted by USC [https://engage.usc.edu/scmathcompetition/home/ w
    4 KB (514 words) - 04:02, 21 September 2023
  • *[[GACS - Dwight Love Math Tournament]]—a large middle and high school tournament [http://www.gacs.pvt.k12.ga.us/facs *[[GACS - Dwight Love Math Tournament]]&mdash;a large middle and high school tournament. [http://www.gacs.pvt.k12.ga.us/fac
    4 KB (565 words) - 13:24, 13 September 2019
  • * [[Math Matters]] is a local mathematics contest for the county of Maui. *[[Hawaii Mathematics Bowl]] is a statewide mathematics contest for the state of Hawaii.
    989 bytes (123 words) - 15:34, 29 August 2017
  • ...consists of five members who work together on 20 questions for 25 minutes. A school may field as many five member teams as it wishes. The individual com A school team will qualify by taking first place in a region with four or more schools competing.
    8 KB (1,182 words) - 14:26, 3 April 2024
  • ...vidual competition, where participants take tests on various subjects, and a team competition, Mathletics. The 2006 competition had over 1000 participan ...12). It is divided into three divisions, grades 5-6, 7-9 and 10-12, and is a 40 minute, 5 question test. First, second and third in each division win <m
    3 KB (473 words) - 16:11, 16 June 2020
  • *[[Winchester Math Competition]] (WinMaC) is a competition for fourth and fifth (until 2024 where they switched it up to 4 ...yle round, and team is a team round. This test is taken over the course of a day
    5 KB (733 words) - 20:58, 27 April 2024
  • *[[Rapid Rabbit Relays]] (a middle school event at Detroit Country Day School) *[[Michigan Math Meet]], a high school math competition organized by University of Michigan undergradu
    2 KB (305 words) - 01:06, 30 November 2023
  • ...Nebraska-Omaha Math Contest]]. Consists of two problem solving rounds and a speed round - for grades 9-12.
    2 KB (200 words) - 10:11, 29 December 2020
  • ...ed) students from that year's MathCounts state competition will compete as a mixed team. Oklahoma does not participate in the high school contest. *[http://rocketcitymath.org/ Rocket City Math League] is a contest for middle school and high schools students. Jenks and Norman North
    2 KB (279 words) - 19:41, 23 March 2017
  • *[[Texas A&M University math Contest]] [http://www.math.tamu.edu/teaching/undergrad/hi *[http://www.math.tamu.edu/outreach/highschoolcontest/ Texas A&M University Math Contest] [http://www.math.tamu.edu/outreach/highschoolcon
    2 KB (255 words) - 07:55, 2 March 2023
  • *Mission Math Utah [http://missionmathutah.com/ (website)] is a contest for elementary and middle school students in Utah, run by Utah high
    2 KB (231 words) - 13:07, 14 December 2019
  • * The [[Mustang Math Tournament]] a national team-based competition hosted by mathematically inclined high scho
    2 KB (263 words) - 01:25, 11 June 2022
  • ...ion, a mental math competition (where only exact answers are correct), and a physical estimation competition. Grades 4-9 compete in this format. Grades
    2 KB (216 words) - 16:59, 17 December 2016
  • For a list of all the current staff at AoPS and some previous staff go to the [[A * [[AoPSWiki:Table of Contents]] -- a basic guide to AoPSWiki content
    5 KB (667 words) - 17:09, 3 July 2023
  • ...itions]] leads to links for many of these competition homepages. Here are a few examples: * [https://brilliant.org/ Brilliant] is a website where one can solve problems to gain points and go to higher levels
    16 KB (2,152 words) - 21:46, 6 May 2024
  • ...actice teaching math, and to socialize with other math students. Here are a few popular online math forums. ...x.php AoPS Forums] with thousands of brilliant, active members. Over half a million posts ranging from middle school math all the way up to graduate le
    869 bytes (123 words) - 16:55, 11 January 2020
  • ...reat '''Mathematics websites''' around the [[internet]]. Here we organize a list of those sites we feel are best for students with high interest in [[m * [https://www.pims.math.ca/resources/publications/pi-sky Pi in the Sky] is a mathematics magazine for high school students.
    4 KB (516 words) - 03:01, 13 April 2023
  • ...https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/user/243060 cargeek9], currently a junior in high school. It covers the basics of algebra, geometry, combinato ...3265/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1204029652&sr=1-1 Complex Numbers from A to... Z] by [[Titu Andreescu]]
    24 KB (3,177 words) - 12:53, 20 February 2024
  • ...os Angeles. He graduated from Princeton University in 1993, and worked as a bond trader for D.E. Shaw & Company for four years.
    2 KB (254 words) - 09:04, 25 January 2019
  • '''Math Olympiads for Elementary and Middle Schools''' ('''MOEMS''') is a large and popular [[mathematics competition]] for students in grades 4 thro ...oblemsolving.com/Forum/index.php?f=343 MOEMS Forum] at [[AoPS]] as well as a private [http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?t=38770 MOE
    2 KB (215 words) - 02:54, 18 November 2020
  • This '''Math textbooks''' page is for compiling a list of [[textbook]]s for mathematics -- not problem books, contest books, ...https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/user/243060 cargeek9], currently a junior in high school. It covers the basics of algebra, geometry, combinato
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  • ...ca. Inspired by Eastern European teaching models, math circles often take a problem-discussion approach to teaching and learning [[mathematics]]. * The [[Art of Problem Solving Foundation]] runs a local programs initiative to support the establishment of programs includin
    3 KB (436 words) - 18:35, 26 August 2021
  • The '''William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition''' is a highly challenging, proof-oriented [[mathematics competition]] for undergra ...own=<u>Problem A/B, 1/2</u>: 7<br><u>Problem A/B, 3/4</u>: 8<br><u>Problem A/B, 5/6</u>: 9}}
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  • This is a resources page for students interested in '''Chemistry competitions'''. Pl The U.S. National Chemistry Olympiad national exam (USNCO) is a 3-part, 4 hour and 45 minute exam administered in mid or late April by ACS
    2 KB (258 words) - 19:31, 8 March 2023
  • This is a resources page for students interested in '''Physics competitions'''. Plea
    4 KB (506 words) - 11:46, 6 September 2023
  • ...p://olympiads.win.tue.nl/ioi/study/books.html Reading List] (someone have a linky?)
    2 KB (251 words) - 00:45, 17 November 2023
  • .../www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0756613647/artofproblems-20 Chaos: Making a New Science] by James Gleick ...le.amazon.com/Dreams-Final-Theory-Steven-Weinberg/dp/0679419233/ Dreams of a Final Theory] by Weinberg
    10 KB (1,410 words) - 13:07, 20 February 2024
  • <strong>Physics</strong> is a branch of [[science]] that studies the properties of matter, energy, and ma Modern Physics is also a group of different subjects in physics:
    9 KB (1,355 words) - 07:29, 29 September 2021
  • {{ARML box|year=2005|state=Alabama|num-b=6|num-a=8}}
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  • A '''Newton''' (abbreviated N) is the [[Système international|metric]] measu
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  • ..., and the formation of turbulence around an aircraft. Mathematics provides a kind of "quality control" for the development of trustworthy theories and e Modern mathematics is built around a system of [[axiom|axioms]], which is a name given to "the rules of the game." Mathematicians then use various meth
    6 KB (902 words) - 12:53, 3 September 2019
  • ...at a consistent number of students qualify for AIME each year, rather than a fixed percentage. Usually, 6000-7000 competitors from the AMC 10 and 12 qua
    17 KB (1,921 words) - 20:53, 10 May 2024
  • Inequalities are arguably a branch of [[elementary algebra]], and relate slightly to [[number theory]]. For two [[number]]s <math>a</math> and <math>b</math>:
    12 KB (1,798 words) - 16:20, 14 March 2023
  • ...t important such competition in the world. The 3 ISEF winners each receive a <dollar/>50,000 scholarship. [http://www.sciserv.org/isef]
    2 KB (199 words) - 13:43, 10 June 2010
  • ...''United States of America Mathematical Talent Search''' ('''USAMTS''') is a [[mathematics competition]] in which students are challenged to write full Each problems are graded on a scale from 0 to 5. The full 5 points are awarded for correct, concise solut
    4 KB (613 words) - 13:08, 18 July 2023
  • ...ries or are best listed under a category rather than a list, please create a new page for that category and list it here. ...deline for scholarships: if you're paying to apply then it is probably not a legitimate organization of scholarship.
    3 KB (337 words) - 03:35, 7 September 2020
  • The '''AMC 8''' is a contest for students in grades 8 and below, hosted annually by the [[Americ Usually, high scoring students will be given a chance by their school to take the more challenging [[AMC 10]] exam. Howeve
    4 KB (558 words) - 22:25, 28 April 2024
  • ...ath> b^3 + bx + y = 0</math> and <math> c^3 + cx + y = 0</math>. If <math> a,b,c</math> are all distinct numbers prove that their sum is zero. -y &= a^3 + ax \\
    1 KB (205 words) - 14:05, 30 March 2019
  • ...an Mathematics Competitions]] (AMC). [[Art of Problem Solving]] (AoPS) is a proud sponsor of the AMC. The AMC 10 is a 25 question, 75 minute multiple choice test. Problems generally increase in
    4 KB (574 words) - 15:28, 22 February 2024
  • ...an Mathematics Competitions]] (AMC). [[Art of Problem Solving]] (AoPS) is a proud sponsor of the AMC! The AMC 12 is a 25 question, 75 minute multiple choice test. Problems generally increase in
    4 KB (520 words) - 12:11, 13 March 2024
  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 19 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 21 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 23 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ Define numbers <math>a, b, c,</math> and <math>d</math> to be the four numbers. In order to satisf
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  • * [[Texas A&M Regional Science Bowl]] [http://outreach.science.tamu.edu/sciencebowl.asp
    2 KB (212 words) - 17:15, 2 April 2024
  • ...ical Association of America]] (MAA). [[Art of Problem Solving]] (AoPS) is a proud sponsor of the AMC! The AIME is a 15 question, 3 hour exam<math>^1</math> taken by high scorers on the [[AMC
    8 KB (1,057 words) - 12:02, 25 February 2024
  • A '''Math Jam''' is a free online class or information session hosted by [[Art of Problem Solving
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  • The '''American Mathematics Competitions''' (AMC) consist of a series of increasingly difficult tests for students in middle school and hi ...ilable nationwide. The amount of questions also decreased from 50 to 35 in a span of 17 years. In 1974, the Annual High School Contest was re-named the
    5 KB (696 words) - 03:47, 24 December 2019
  • In the diagram, if points <math>A, B</math> and <math>C</math> are points of tangency, then <math>x</math> eq pair A=(-3*sqrt(3)/32,9/32), B=(3*sqrt(3)/32, 9/32), C=(0,9/16);
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  • We say that a finite set <math>\mathcal{S}</math> in the plane is <i> balanced </i> if, for any two different points <math>A</math>, <math>B</math> in <math>\mathcal{S}</math>, there is
    4 KB (692 words) - 22:33, 15 February 2021
  • ...tes of America Mathematical Olympiad''' ('''USAMO''') is the third test in a series of exams used to challenge bright students on the path toward choosi ...an Mathematics Competitions]] (AMC). [[Art of Problem Solving]] (AoPS) is a proud sponsor of the AMC and of the recent expansion of USAMO participants
    6 KB (869 words) - 12:52, 20 February 2024
  • ...emonstrate their proficiency in academic subjects at a level above that of a typical classroom setting or [[standardized test | standardized testing]].
    906 bytes (82 words) - 18:24, 15 September 2021
  • ...ific individual [[mathematics competitions]]. Compilations of problems at a single level from multiple competitions can be found in the [[math books]] ...mazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0387242996/artofproblems-20 The IMO Compendium: A Collection of Problems Suggested for The International Mathematical Olympia
    2 KB (302 words) - 16:45, 3 October 2019
  • '''Informatics competitions''' test a student's ability to understand, organize, and work with information on com
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  • '''Valentin Vornicu''' is a former [[Art of Problem Solving]] administrator and webmaster. In 2002, he Vornicu is a multiple time participant in the [[IMO]] for Romania.
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  • The '''American Regions Math League''' (ARML) is a [[mathematical problem solving]] competition primarily for U.S. high school ...am already. Contact ARML for details. If your area does not already have a team, ask ARML how to start one.
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  • The SD team is entering just its third year of participation, so a permanent process of selecting team members has yet to be decided upon. The A student who wishes to attend practice should try to take the SDMO. If a student wishes to speak with one of the coaches for the team, they may do s
    21 KB (3,500 words) - 18:41, 23 April 2024
  • * [[Toy Challenge]] is a national toy design contest for grades 5-8. [http://www.toychallenge.com/ * [[TEAMS]] -- A [[JETS]] competition. [http://www.jets.org/programs/teams.cfm Website]
    6 KB (706 words) - 21:50, 20 March 2022
  • * [[MehtA+ AI in Visual Arts Camp]] is a mini-bootcamp for grades 5-12 [https://mehtaplustutoring.com/ai-in-visual-a * [[MehtA+ AI in Visual Arts Camp]] is a mini-bootcamp for grades 5-12 [https://mehtaplustutoring.com/ai-in-visual-a
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  • * [[MehtA+ AI in Visual Arts Camp]] is a mini-bootcamp for grades 5-12 [https://mehtaplustutoring.com/ai-in-visual-a * [[MehtA+ AI in Visual Arts Camp]] is a mini-bootcamp for grades 5-12 [https://mehtaplustutoring.com/ai-in-visual-a
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  • * [[MehtA+ AI in Visual Arts Camp]] is a mini-bootcamp for grades 5-12 [https://mehtaplustutoring.com/ai-in-visual-a * [[MehtA+ Competitive Programming Bootcamp]] is a mini-bootcamp for grades 7-12 [https://mehtaplus.com/courses/competitive-pr
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  • * [[MehtA+ AI in Visual Arts Camp]] is a mini-bootcamp for grades 5-12 [https://mehtaplustutoring.com/ai-in-visual-a * [[MehtA+ AI in Visual Arts Camp]] is a mini-bootcamp for grades 5-12 [https://mehtaplustutoring.com/ai-in-visual-a
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  • ...onal Mathematics Olympiad]] (IMO) is the most famous math Olympiad. In USA a Math Olympiad would be [[United States of America Mathematical Olympiad]] t
    891 bytes (116 words) - 16:42, 2 January 2021
  • ...ance, when a mathematician uses the word "trivial" in a proof, they intend a different meaning to how the word is understood by the wider population. St ...n, accuracy, and clarity. A single word can change the intended meaning of a proof, so it is best to be as precise as possible.
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  • The following is a list of '''Gifted programs''' and organizations that run gifted programs.
    1,017 bytes (131 words) - 17:51, 18 July 2020
  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[Mathew Crawford]] using
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  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[Mathew Crawford]] using
    1 KB (182 words) - 22:00, 4 February 2017
  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[Mathew Crawford]] using ...ntzen Award] for female sophomores and juniors in college who are pursuing a bachelors degree in physics or geosciences.
    2 KB (229 words) - 12:37, 8 July 2019
  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[Mathew Crawford]] using
    3 KB (345 words) - 17:54, 16 June 2023
  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[Mathew Crawford]] using ...rship.aspx Computer science scholarships] with full or partial tuition and a salaried summer internship.
    3 KB (427 words) - 16:18, 25 February 2021
  • ...r Elementary and Middle Schools]] (MOEMS). A math team can be as simple as a normal school math team, to the most advanced international math olympiad t
    723 bytes (103 words) - 21:21, 29 December 2023
  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[Mathew Crawford]] using ...eering (NACME) Scholarships] for minority engineering students enrolled at a partner university.
    4 KB (511 words) - 14:57, 16 July 2020
  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[Mathew Crawford]] using ...programs/scholarship.php YouthLaunch Scholarship for Outstanding Service]. A $3,000 scholarship for Texas students who demonstrate commitment to their c
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  • An '''Engineer''' is a person that creates, designs, or updates machines or structures.
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  • The '''Princeton University Mathematics Competition (PUMaC)''' is a high school math competition held by [[Princeton University]] students sinc ...are two divisions in the competition: Division A and Division B. Division A is for experienced solvers and has harder problems, while Division B is for
    2 KB (295 words) - 23:19, 5 January 2019
  • The '''Rocket City Math League''' is a national [[mathematics competition]] for middle and high school students ru
    663 bytes (93 words) - 19:38, 7 September 2009
  • ...competition]] for primarily high school students. It was often regarded as a predecessor to the Olympiad-level American mathematics competitions. ...he has compiled two books consisting of past contests. Lehoczky now enjoys a successful career on Wall Street and Rusczyk runs the [[Art of Problem Solv
    1 KB (140 words) - 14:58, 14 September 2023
  • ...national Mu Alpha Theta convention is held during the summer that includes a large competition. The test is a multiple choice test with 4 choices and an extra choice called NOTA, which
    4 KB (632 words) - 17:09, 11 October 2020
  • ...Math League]] (SDML). There is a division for middle school students and a division for high school students.
    824 bytes (102 words) - 05:31, 15 April 2023
  • ...ebra 1) — [https://artofproblemsolving.com/school/course/catalog/algebra-a Details] ([https://artofproblemsolving.com/store/item/intro-algebra Compani ...ine School/Special AMC 8 Problem Seminar A | Special AMC 8 Problem Seminar A]] — [https://artofproblemsolving.com/school/course/catalog/maa-amc8-speci
    8 KB (965 words) - 03:41, 17 September 2020
  • The '''Power Mean Inequality''' is a generalized form of the multi-variable [[Arithmetic Mean-Geometric Mean]] I ...th> is flipped, but as <math>k_2<0</math>, <math>x^\frac{1}{k_2}</math> is a decreasing function, the inequality sign is flipped again after applying <m
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  • Suppose first that <math>p</math> is composite. Then <math>p</math> has a factor <math>d > 1</math> that is less than or equal to <math>p-1</math>. ...ique, and each number is the inverse of its inverse. If one integer <math>a</math> is its own inverse, then
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  • A triangle and a trapezoid are equal in area. They also have the same altitude. If the base <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 36\text{ inches} \qquad
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  • After a daily lecture, students are then tutored by counselors on problem sets from
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  • <cmath>ax^2+bx+c = a(x^2+\frac{b}{a}x+\frac{b^2}{4a^2})+c-\frac{b^2}{4a} = a(x+\frac{b}{2a})^2+c-\frac{b^2}{4a}.</cmath> .../math> is positive and <math>ax^2+bx+c\le c-\frac{b^2}{4a}</math> if <math>a</math> is negative.
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  • The '''arithmetic mean''' of a [[set]] of numbers (or variables) is the sum of all the numbers, divided by
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  • ...n equation to make that equation a [[perfect square]]. This makes solving a lot of equations easy. In fact, all [[quadratic equation]]s can be solved ...2-6x</math> part. If <math>9</math> was added to this, then we would have a [[perfect square]], <math>(x-3)^2=x^2-6x+9</math>. To do this, add <math>7
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  • ...rmula) is a [[mathematical formula | formula]] for finding the [[area]] of a [[triangle]] given only the three side lengths. ...any triangle with side lengths <math>{a}, {b}, {c}</math>, the area <math>{A}</math> can be found using the following formula:
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  • ...algebra]] often an arbitrary [[field]]). Note that a [[constant]] is also a polynomial. ===A More Precise Definition===
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  • ...of the equation and a product of variables with each of those variables in a linear term on the other side. An example would be: <cmath>xy+66x-88y=23333 ...Factoring Trick, this equation can be transformed into: <cmath>(x+k)(y+j)=a+jk</cmath>
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  • ...ct score on the [[USAMO]] has been 42 points for 6 problems. Prior to 1996 a perfect score was 100 points across 5 problems.
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  • ...''' is a general [[expression]] for the [[root (polynomial)|solutions]] to a [[quadratic equation]]. It is used when other methods, such as [[completing ===General Solution For A Quadratic by Completing the Square===
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  • The individual test is a 30 question, multiple choice test. The time limit is 90 minutes. Calculat The test is scored as 5 points for every correct response, 1 point for a blank response, and 0 points for an incorrect response.
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  • ...rs, is to write the expression (often an [[integer]] or [[polynomial]]) as a product of different terms. This often allows one to find information abou Using the formula for the sum of a [[geometric sequence]], it's easy to derive the general formula for differe
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  • ...t line]] to a curve at a [[point]] and how to find the [[area]] bounded by a curve. What is surprising is that these two problems are fundamentally conn [[Limit]]s are heavily used in calculus. The formal notion of a limit is what differentiates calculus from precalculus mathematics.
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  • ...fs look better --> This technique usually works well on problems where not a lot of information is known, and thus we can create some using proof by con ...d as a rational fraction of the form <math>\frac{b}{a}</math>, where <math>a</math> and <math>b</math> are two [[relatively prime]] integers. Now, sinc
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  • ...ng]] involves using all the tools at one's disposal to attack a problem in a new way. == A Historical Example ==
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  • ...ts, the principle may be referred to as the '''Dirichlet box principle'''. A common phrasing of the principle uses balls and boxes and is that if <math> ...nhole principle is as follows: suppose for contradiction that there exists a way to place <math>n</math> balls into <math>k</math> boxes where <math>n>k
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  • ...[[equation]] of the form <math> {a}{x}^2+{b}{x}+{c}=0</math>, where <math>a</math>, <math>b</math> and <math>c</math> are [[constant]]s (that is, they The purpose of factoring is to turn a general quadratic into a product of [[binomial]]s. This is easier to illustrate than to describe.
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  • Consecutive positive integers are always relatively prime, since, if a prime <math>p</math> divides both <math>n</math> and <math>n+1</math>, then ...exist some <math>x,y\in \mathbb{Z}</math> such that <math>ax+by=1</math> (a special case of [[Bezout's Lemma]]). The [[Euclidean Algorithm]] can be use
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  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 4 \qquad First, we wish to factor <math>P</math> into a more manageable form.
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  • ...n]]s such as <math>\sqrt{a^2+x^2},\sqrt{a^2-x^2}</math> or <math>\sqrt{x^2-a^2}</math> === <math>\sqrt{a^2+x^2}</math> ===
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  • ...ril. It is divided into three divisions, grades 5-6, 7-8, and 9-12, and is a three hour, 4 question test, modeled after other math olympiads such as the
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  • ...] in a given [[graph]] is a combinatorial problem, as is the derivation of a non-[[recursive]] formula for the [[Fibonacci numbers]], and so too methods ...ion of problems found in mathematics competitions and can be approached by a variety of techniques, such as [[generating functions]] or the [[Principle
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  • .../math> and <math>c</math> is the number <math>a</math> such that <math>a + a = b + c</math>, while the geometric mean of the numbers <math>b</math> and ...length of [[line segment]] <math>AM</math> is the geometric mean of <math>a</math> and <math>b</math>.
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  • ...ized method/formula to find the number of [[element]]s in the [[union]] of a given group of [[set]]s, the size of each set, and the size of all possible ...counted once and only once. In particular, memorizing a formula for PIE is a bad idea for problem solving.
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  • Googol is a huge number. It has a 1 followed by 100 zeroes or <math>10^{100}.</math>
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  • ...>\theta</math> such that <math>\lfloor\theta^{3^n}\rfloor</math> is always a prime number for all natural n.
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  • ...'binomial coefficient''', is a way of choosing <math>r</math> objects from a set of <math>n</math> where the order in which the objects are chosen is ir ...ons are, their various types, and how to calculate each type! It serves as a great introductory video to combinations, permutations, and counting proble
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  • :''This is a neutral self-referential article. For a non-encyclopedic version, see [[AoPSWiki:About]].'' The '''AoPSWiki''' is a wiki, or a publicly editable resource, that is dedicated to students of problem solvin
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  • ...n <math>a+b+1=ab\Rightarrow (a-1)(b-1)=2</math> from whence we have <math>(a,b,c)\in\{(2,3,1),(3,2,1)\}</math>. ...math> we have <math>6c\leq 2c+6\Rightarrow c\leq3/2\Rightarrow c=1</math>; a contradiction since <math>c\geq 2</math>.
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  • ..._2 + \cdots + a_nb_n)^2,</cmath> with equality if and only if there exists a constant <math>t</math> such that <math>a_i = t b_i</math> for all <math>1 ...cdot \overrightarrow{w}|</cmath> with equality if and only if there exists a scalar <math>t</math> such that <math>\overrightarrow{v} = t \overrightarro
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  • ...!=n \cdot (n-1) \cdots 2 \cdot 1 = \prod_{i=1}^n i</math>. Alternatively, a [[recursion|recursive definition]] for the factorial is <math>n!=n \cdot (n ...</math> (remember! this is 1, not 0! (the '!' was an exclamation mark, not a factorial sign))
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  • ...has two [[nonreal]] roots; and if the discriminant is 0, the equation has a real [[double root]]. The discriminant can tell us something about the roots of a given [[polynomial]] <math>p(x)=a_nx^n+a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+...+a_0</math> of deg
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  • ...earity]] of points on each of the three sides (extended when necessary) of a [[triangle]]. pair A=(7,6), B=(0,0), C=(10,0), P=(4,0), Q=(6,8), R;
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  • Number theory is a broad topic, and may cover many diverse subtopics, such as: Some branches of number theory may only deal with a certain subset of the real numbers, such as [[integer]]s, [[positive]] numb
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  • ...]] was a coach for 2007-2009, and [[user:MCrawford | Mathew Crawford]] was a coach for 2006-2007. ...n division A. San Diego Sun (B) finished 33rd (nationally) in division B: a very strong showing considering that this was the first time for most of th
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  • This is a list of historical results from the [[American Regions Mathematics League]] == Division A Top Five Teams ==
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  • ...] (which students should study more at the introductory level if they have a hard time following the rest of this article). This theorem is credited to ...}</math> is not [[divisibility|divisible]] by <math>{p}</math>, then <math>a^{p-1}\equiv 1 \pmod {p}</math>.
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  • ...[[locus]] of points that are equidistant from a point (the [[focus]]) and a line (the [[directrix]]). ...la. The first is [[polynomial]] form: <math>y = a{x}^2+b{x}+c</math> where a, b, and c are [[constant]]s. This is useful for manipulating the polynomial
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  • Chebyshev's inequality is a consequence of the [[Rearrangement inequality]], which gives us that the su
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  • '''Euler's Totient Theorem''' is a theorem closely related to his [[totient function]]. ...is a positive integer [[relatively prime]] to <math>a</math>, then <math>{a}^{\phi (m)}\equiv 1 \pmod {m}</math>.
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  • ...e, through bashing calculations, and can actually sometimes be faster than a more creative approach, and is thus an important tool to have. ...te force would be to list all 91 possibilities (although this would not be a smart time to use brute force).
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  • A '''geometric inequality''' is an [[inequality]] involving various measures ...level geometry problems. It also provides the basis for the definition of a [[metric space]] in [[analysis]].
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  • ...ath>c</math>, <math>d</math> are the four side lengths and <math>s = \frac{a+b+c+d}{2}</math>. ...^2+b^2-2ab\cos B=c^2+d^2-2cd\cos D</math>. <math>\cos B=-\cos D</math>, so a little rearranging gives
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  • ...orem''' gives a relationship between the side lengths and the diagonals of a [[cyclic quadrilateral]]; it is the [[equality condition | equality case]] Given a [[cyclic quadrilateral]] <math>ABCD</math> with side lengths <math>{a},{b},{c},{d}</math> and [[diagonal]]s <math>{e},{f}</math>:
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  • An '''elementary symmetric sum''' is a type of [[summation]]. ...>). For example, if <math>n = 4</math>, and our set of numbers is <math>\{a, b, c, d\}</math>, then:
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  • ...[triangles]] are cyclic, the same is not true of quadrilaterals. They have a number of interesting properties. In a quadrilateral <math>ABCD</math>:
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  • ...the [[variable]], an unknown quantity given a name and usually denoted by a letter or symbol. Many contest problems test one's fluency with [[algebraic ...o add to the confusion, "[[algebra (structure) |algebra]]" is the name for a certain kind of structure in modern algebra.
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  • ...in some subfield (like the reals or the rationals). One also needs to add a limit point, called the point at infinity. As <math>x\to \infty</math>, the ...points. This means that given 2 points on the curve, they can be added in a way that satisfies the normal laws of addition, like associativity, commuta
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  • <math> \sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}} + \sqrt{x-\sqrt{2x-1}} = A,</math> given (a) <math>A=\sqrt{2}</math>, (b) <math>A=1</math>, (c) <math>A=2</math>, where only non-negative real numbers are admitted for square root
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  • In a plane there are <math>100</math> points, no three of which are collinear.
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  • ...algebra involves familiarity with introductory topics to a high level and a multitude of new topics. ...Olympiad Training (WOOT) Program] -- Intermediate to Olympiad training in a variety of subjects, including algebra.
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  • ...n (like [[arithmetic mean]] and [[geometric mean]]). The harmonic mean of a [[set]] of <math>n</math> [[positive]] [[real number]]s <math> x_1, x_2... ...-Geometric mean-Harmonic mean inequality]]. The Inequality states that for a set of positive numbers <math>x_1, x_2,\ldots,x_n</math>: <math>\frac{x_1+x
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  • '''Euler's totient function''' <math>\phi(n)</math> applied to a [[positive integer]] <math>n</math> is defined to be the number of positive ...ere the <math>p_i </math> are distinct [[prime number]]s. Now, we can use a [[PIE]] argument to count the number of numbers less than or equal to <mat
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  • * In 2006, Alabama came in 15th in the A division. * In 2007, Alabama placed 9th in the A division and had several top scoring students including Seva Tchernov who p
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  • Before reading about the following topics, a student learning about probability should learn about introductory [[counti ...dergraduate level. Once measure theory is covered, probability does become a lot easier to use and understand.
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  • ...://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Resources/AoPS_R_A_MATHCOUNTS.php/ Building a Successful MathCounts Program].
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  • ..., you will learn much of what you'll need to express math and science like a professional, much, much better than writing papers with Word! * Click [https://youtu.be/HfRsDKBrSaA here] for a Quick Start <math>\text{\LaTeX}</math> video.
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  • ...ying video games because it's easy to get drowsy during the test. Getting a good night sleep can help refresh the brain, so it can be ready for the tes In many geometry problems, a visual aid can help solvers visualize and look for clues. Even in non-geom
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  • In [[number theory]], '''divisibility''' is the ability of a number to evenly divide another number. The study of divisibility resides a ...that <math>a</math> is a '''multiple''' of <math>b</math>, and that <math>a</math> is '''divisible''' or '''evenly divisible''' by <math>b</math>.
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  • ...ss than or equal to exactly <math>{i}</math> of the other members of <math>A</math>, then <math>{b_k}</math> is also greater than or equal to exactly <m ...re more pennies than nickels, more nickels than dimes, and so on. This is a simple application of the rearrangement inequality. It is also an applicat
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  • A '''real number''' is a number that falls on the real number line. It can have any value. Some exam The set of real numbers, denoted by <math>\mathbb{R}</math>, is a subset of [[complex number]]s(<math>\mathbb{C}</math>). Commonly used subse
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  • ...its of the number are divisible by <math>2^n</math>. Thus, in particular, a number is divisible by 2 if and only if its units digit is divisible by 2, A number is divisible by 3 or 9 if and only if the sum of its digits is divis
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  • ...lue (the Base Case); it is then shown that if the desired result holds for a certain value, it then holds for another, closely related value. Typically Other, odder inductions are possible. If a problem asks you to prove something for all integers greater than 3, you ca
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  • ...ircumcenter. Then, the theorem states that <math>L</math> is the center of a circle through <math>I</math>, <math>B</math>, <math>I_A</math>, and <math> ...try. Along with the larger lemma, two smaller results follow: first, <math>A</math>, <math>I</math>, <math>L</math>, and <math>I_A</math> are collinear,
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  • ...h>E</math>, and <math>F</math> denote the feet of the altitudes from <math>A</math>, <math>B</math>, and <math>C</math>, respectively. Then, <math>\tria ...e EFH = \theta = 90^\circ - \angle C</math>. The same argument (with <math>A</math> instead of <math>B</math>) shows that <math>\angle DFH = 90^\circ -
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  • A '''triangle''' is a type of [[polygon]]. {{asy image|<asy>draw((0,1)--(2,0)--(3,2)--cycle);</asy>|right|A triangle.}}
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  • ...mon factor''')) of two or more [[integer]]s is the largest integer that is a [[divisor]] of all the given numbers. A very useful property of the GCD is that it can be represented as a sum of the given numbers with integer coefficients. From here it immediatel
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  • ==Vertex of a parabola== ...value of the graph is minimal (if <math>a > 0</math>) or maximal (if <math>a < 0</math>).
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  • ...ea of strategic overcounting is fundamental to [[combinatorics]] and plays a role in incredibly important counting tools such as [[combinations]] and th An example of a classic problem is as follows:
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  • ...s a [[counting]] technique that involves constructing an item belonging to a set. Along with the construction, one counts the total possibilities of eac '''Solution''': We can construct a four-digit by picking the first digit, then the second, and so on until the
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  • Let <math>{F}</math> be a [[convex function]] of one real variable. Let <math>x_1,\dots,x_n\in\mathbb If <math>{F}</math> is a concave function, we have:
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  • ...he top 1000 finishers of this round are selected to take Part II, which is a harder 5-question proof test. The top 100 finishers of Part II are honored Part I is normally on a Wednesday morning in the first or second week of October.
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  • When dealing with a [[probability]] problem involving [[discrete]] quantities, we often times j ...etric probability'''. We can usually translate a probability problem into a [[geometry]] problem. We can use [[length]] for one dimension, [[area]] f
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  • ...ts individually, then adding together the totals of each part. Casework is a very general problem-solving approach, and as such has wide applicability. ...problems where casework produces the most elegant solution, in those where a shorter answer exists, casework may be considered [[brute force]]. This is
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  • ...orithm that finds the [[greatest common divisor]] (GCD) of two elements of a [[Euclidean domain]], the most common of which is the [[nonnegative]] [[int ...c idea is to repeatedly use the fact that <math>\gcd({a,b}) \equiv \gcd({b,a - b})</math>
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  • ..., and every conic section can be described in [[Cartesian coordinates]] by a [[polynomial]] [[equation]] of degree two or less. ...cone or equivalently [[perpendicular]] to the axis. (This is really just a special case of the ellipse -- see the next bullet point.)
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  • ...se [[coefficient]]s, <math>c_0, c_1, c_2, \ldots</math>, give the terms of a [[sequence]] which is of interest. Therefore the power series (i.e. the gen If we let <math>A(k)={n \choose k}</math>, then we have <math>{n \choose 0}+{n \choose 1}x +
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  • The '''Binomial Theorem''' states that for [[real]] or [[complex]] <math>a</math>, <math>b</math>, and [[non-negative]] [[integer]] <math>n</math>, <center><math>(a+b)^n = \sum_{k=0}^{n}\binom{n}{k}a^{n-k}b^k</math></center>
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  • A '''prime number''' (or simply '''prime''') is a [[positive integer]] <math>p>1</math> whose only positive [[divisor | divis ...</math> must [[#Importance of Primes|have]] a prime factor, which leads to a direct contradiction.
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  • ...tion]]) in terms of previously defined values. The most famous example of a recursive definition is that of the [[Fibonacci sequence]]. If we let <mat Often, it is convenient to convert a recursive definition into a closed-form definition. For instance, the sequence defined recursively by
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  • A '''function''' is a rule that maps one set of values to another set of values, assigning to eac ...is a ''function from <math>A</math> to <math>B</math>'' (written <math>f: A \to B</math>) if and only if
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  • ...ting may lead to a quick solution is the phrase "not" or "at least" within a problem statement. ...is the [[complement]] of <math>B</math>. In most instances, though, <math>A</math> is obvious from context and is committed from mention.
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  • ...[Function#The_Inverse_of_a_Function|two-sided inverse]] exactly when it is a bijection between its [[domain]] and [[range]]. ...are frequently used in [[combinatorics]] in order to count the elements of a set whose size is unknown. Bijections are also very important in [[set the
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  • ...binatorially by noting that any combination of <math>r</math> objects from a group of <math>m+n</math> objects must have some <math>0\le k\le r</math> o ...he addends represented in the summation and the sum itself is highlighted, a hockey-stick shape is revealed. We can also flip the hockey stick because p
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  • ...th>a\div b</math> may or may not be an integer, depending on whether <math>a</math> can be divided by <math>b</math> with no remainder. ...ward definition, an integer is a number that is '''not''' a [[decimal]] or a [[fraction]].
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  • ...ental Theorem of Arithmetic]] tells us that every [[positive integer]] has a unique prime factorization, up to changing the order of the terms. The form of a prime factorization is
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  • A comprehensive video explaining composite numbers: https://youtu.be/SMOGYNYD A '''composite number''' is a [[positive integer]] with at least one [[divisor]] different from 1 and its
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  • ...th>. The set of '''natural numbers''', denoted <math>\mathbb{N}</math>, is a subset of the set of [[integer]]s, <math>\mathbb{Z}</math>. Some texts use
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  • A '''circle''' is a geometric figure commonly used in Euclidean [[geometry]]. {{asy image|<asy>unitsize(2cm);draw(unitcircle,blue);</asy>|right|A basic circle.}}
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  • An '''ellipse''' is a type of [[conic section]]. An ellipse is formed by cutting through a [[cone]] at an [[angle]].
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  • ...hat <math>n=kd</math> or, in other words, if <math>\frac nd</math> is also a natural number (i.e <math>d</math> divides <math>n</math>). See [[Divisibil A common notation to indicate a number is a divisor of another is <math>n|k</math>. This means that <math>n</math> divi
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  • ...each number in 2746 is actually just a placeholder which shows how many of a certain power of 10 there are. The first digit to the left of the decimal ...digits 0-9. Usually, the base, or '''radix''', of a number is denoted as a subscript written at the right end of the number (e.g. in our example above
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  • [[Binary]] is base 2. It's a favorite among computer programmers. It has just two digits: <math>0</math> ...t everyone knows and loves. Most numbers in the world are written without a specified radix and usually it can just be assumed that they are in base 1
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  • A '''partition of an interval''' is a division of an [[interval]] into several disjoint sub-intervals. Partition Let <math>[a,b]</math> be an interval of [[real number]]s.
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  • ...ble generalizations of the [[Integral|Riemann integral]], but it also uses a strikingly simple and elegant idea. It was developed independently by [[Ral Let <math>f:[a,b]\rightarrow\mathbb{R}</math>
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  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 2S + 3\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 3S + 2\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 3S + 6 \qquad\text Suppose the two numbers are <math>a</math> and <math>b</math>, with <math>a+b=S</math>.
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  • ...ath>P(23) = 6</math> and <math>S(23) = 5</math>. Suppose <math>N</math> is a <math>\text{(A)}\ 2\qquad \text{(B)}\ 3\qquad \text{(C)}\ 6\qquad \text{(D)}\ 8\qquad \tex
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  • <math>\textbf{(A)}\,\textdollar 28000 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\,\textdollar 32000 \qquad \textbf{ Let <math>A</math>, <math>T</math> be Kristin's annual income and the income tax total,
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  • A '''square''' is a [[quadrilateral]] in which all [[edge|sides]] have equal length and all [[a pair A, B, C, D;
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  • ...ifferent is that the test can't test you on multivariable calculus because a lot of students don't get to that in highschool.
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  • The '''Scholastic Aptitude Test''', or '''SATI ''', or just simply "SAT," is a [[standardized test]] that tests the critical reasoning skills that are nee ...of points obtained in each section, and thus on the entire test, is always a multiple of 10.
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  • ...in the US that are ranked high within their state will also be awarded as a state winner. ...ve to be in their home state or country, so competitors often register for a testing site that is the closest or most convenient for them despite being
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  • ...wards the team's total. The test is 35 minutes long and assumes the use of a calculator. ...hools. The student with the highest score in each school will also receive a certificate
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  • ...It is now part of a series known as [[Academic Leagues]] which encompasses a variety of subject areas.
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  • ...m</math> and <math>n</math> are integers. (In this case, <math>k</math> is a multiple of <math>n</math>, as well). An equivalent phrasing is that <math>k</math> is a multiple of <math>m</math> exactly when <math>k</math> is [[divisibility |
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  • ...[[infinite]] number of [[common multiple]]s, but only one LCM. The LCM of a set of numbers <math>\{a_1,a_2,\cdots,a_n\}</math> is conventionally repres ...s of each until you find a multiple that is common to all of them. This is a tedious method, so it is usually only used when the numbers are small. For
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  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[user:MCrawford | Mathew
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  • ...e be solved by [[Newton sums]] or problems that give a polynomial, and ask a question about the roots. Combined with [[Vieta's formulas]], these are ex \text{\textbullet}&&a^2+b^2+c^2+2(ab+bc+ac)&=(a+b+c)^2\\
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  • '''Math Bee''' is a [[mathematics competition]] for students in grades K through 8 of Indian or .... Participants are given two phases of math problems to be solved without a calculator. The first phase has 25 free-response questions to be solved in
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  • '''Math Day at the Beach''' is a [[mathematical problem solving]] festival for Southern California high scho ...esent high schools and have 6 members each. The competition takes place on a Saturday in March.
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  • '''Ptolemy's Inequality''' is a famous inequality attributed to the Greek mathematician Ptolemy. The inequality states that in for four points <math>A, B, C, D </math> in the plane,
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  • ...(or the extension of that side). In the below diagram, <math>AD</math> is a cevian. label("$A$",(10,50),N);
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  • A '''median''' of a [[triangle]] is a [[cevian]] of the triangle that joins one [[vertex]] to the [[midpoint]] of In the following figure, <math>AM</math> is a median of triangle <math>ABC</math>.
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  • <i>A line segment that passes through a vertex of a triangle and is perpendicular to the line opposite to the vertex.</i>
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  • Pi is the [[ratio]] of the [[circumference]] ([[perimeter]]) of a given [[circle]] to its [[diameter]]. It is approximately equal to 3.14159 ...i</math> is to inscribe a unit circle in a square of side length 2. Using a computer, random points are placed inside the square. Because the area of
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  • <math>\phi</math> appears in a variety of different mathematical contexts: it is the limit of the ratio of ...ngle]] is a rectangle with side lengths of 1 and <math>\phi</math>; it has a number of interesting properties.
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  • The '''Fibonacci sequence''' is a [[sequence]] of [[integer]]s in which the first and second terms are both e ...th> for <math>n \geq 3</math>. This is the simplest nontrivial example of a [[linear recursion]] with constant coefficients. There is also an explicit
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  • ...<math>h'(x_0)</math>,<math>f'(g(x_0))</math>, and <math>g'(x_0)</math> is a matrix.) ...as <math>\Delta x</math> approaches <math>0</math>. This can be made into a rigorous proof. (But we do have to worry about the possibility that <math>
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  • ...>p</math> [[Majorization|majorizes]] a sequence <math>q</math>, then given a set of positive reals <math>x_1,x_2,\cdots,x_n</math>: A common [[Brute forcing|bruteforce]] technique with inequalities is to clear
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  • '''Cardinality''' is a property of [[set]]s. For [[finite]] sets, the cardinality of is the numbe ...4\}| = 2</math>. Sometimes, the notations <math>n(A)</math> and <math>\# (A)</math> are used.
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  • ...t takes distinct values on distinct inputs. Equivalently, an injection is a function for which every value in the [[range]] is the image of exactly one ...: A function <math>f:A\to B</math> is an injection if for all <math>x,y\in A</math>, if <math>f(x)=f(y)</math> then <math>x=y</math>.
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  • If <math>\angle \text{CBD}</math> is a [[right angle]], then this protractor indicates that the measure of <math>\ pair A,B,C,D;
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  • The '''Fundamental Theorem of Calculus''' establishes a link between the two central operations of [[calculus]]: [[derivative|diffe ...imes <math>t=1</math> and <math>t=2</math> geometrically, as an area under a curve.
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  • A '''polygon''' is a closed [[planar figure]] consisting of straight [[line segment]]s. There ar A polygon can be [[regular polygon| regular]] or irregular. A polygon is regular if all sides are the same length and all angles are [[co
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  • ...qualities''' are [[inequalities]] concerning the [[area]] of a figure with a given [[perimeter]]. They were worked on extensively by [[Lagrange]]. ...cle has the largest area. Conversely, of all plane figures with area <math>A</math>, the circle has the least perimeter.
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  • ...f '''writing scholarships''' — scholarships granted based primarily upon a submitted essay — is primarily for American students. This list can be r ...be in a creative fundraiser, an inventive new app, series of blog posts on a particular theme, or another idea). The application deadline is 11:59 pm PS
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  • The following is a list of large scholarships open to US students, regardless of interests. * [[AXA Achievement Scholarship]] State winners win a \$10,000 and national winners with \$25,000 for their achievements. [http:/
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  • ...ength <math>1</math> and has lateral faces that are equilateral triangles. A cube is placed within the pyramid so that one face is on the base of the py <math> \textbf{(A)}\ 5\sqrt{2} - 7 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 7 - 4\sqrt{3} \qquad\textbf{(C)}\ \fra
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  • ...A</math> dollars and Bernardo had paid <math>B</math> dollars, where <math>A < B</math>. How many dollars must LeRoy give to Bernardo so that they share ...textbf{(C)}\ \dfrac{B - A}{2}\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ B - A \qquad\textbf{(E)}\ A + B </math>
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  • ...they can finance their educations! If you are unfamiliar with how to edit a Wiki and don't have time to learn, please contact [[Mathew Crawford]] using
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  • ...r <math>\frac{P}{2}</math>, where <math>P</math> is the total perimeter of a figure. It is typically denoted <math>s</math>. ...the simplest is <math>A=rs</math>, where <math>A</math> is the [[area]] of a [[triangle]] and <math>r</math> is the triangle's [[inradius]] (that is, th
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  • Suppose we have a [[quadrilateral]] with [[edge]]s of length <math>a,b,c,d</math> (in that order) and [[diagonal]]s of length <math>p, q</math>. <math>[ABCD]=\frac{1}{4} \cdot \sqrt{4p^2q^2-(b^2+d^2-a^2-c^2)^2}</math>.
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  • ...y, but also most abstractly, a vector is any object which is an element of a given vector space. ...(x\,\,y\,\,z\,\,...)</math>. The set of vectors over a [[field]] is called a [[vector space]].
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  • ...would be a pain to have to calculate any time you wanted to use it (say in a comparison of large numbers). Its natural logarithm though (partly due to ...ly 7 digits before the decimal point. Comparing the logs of the numbers to a given precision can allow easier comparison than computing and comparing th
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  • ...sines''' is a theorem which relates the side-[[length]]s and [[angle]]s of a [[triangle]]. It can be derived in several different ways, the most common ...h>, <math>b</math> and <math>c</math> opposite [[angle]]s of measure <math>A</math>, <math>B</math> and <math>C</math>, respectively, the Law of Cosines
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  • Schur's inequality states that for all non-negative <math>a,b,c \in \mathbb{R}</math> and <math>r>0</math>: <cmath>a^r(a-b)(a-c)+b^r(b-a)(b-c)+c^r(c-a)(c-b) \geq 0</cmath>
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  • ...ath>(\cos (x), \sin (x))</math> is defined to be on the unit circle, it is a distance one away from the origin. Then by the distance formula, <math>\sin ...ful in [[integration]] and in deriving the half-angle identities. They are a simple rearrangement of the two above.
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  • ...teams each year to compete at the [[American Regions Mathematics League]], a primarily high school [[mathematics competition]]. * Chicago A
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  • It is also known as a [[conditional|biconditional]] statement. In order to prove a statement of the form "<math>p</math> iff <math>q</math>," it is necessary
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  • The '''Massachusetts Institute of Technology''' (MIT) is a private university well known for its excellence in math and science educat
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  • ...grades. Over 3 million students participate each year. 2 AoPSers have won a total of $40,000 at this competition. [http://nwpc.rd.com Sign up today!]
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  • An '''irrational number''' is a [[real number]] that cannot be expressed as the [[ratio]] of two [[integer] ...erhood- stumbled upon <math>\sqrt{2}</math> as the length of a diagonal of a square with side lengths 1 in the sixth century <math>B.C</math>. The Pytha
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  • ...e system) corresponds to the complex number [[zero (constant) | 0]], while a point two units to the right and one unit down from the origin corresponds
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