Trigonometry#2 and Algebra#5

by sjaelee, Aug 13, 2011, 8:24 AM

Quote:
An equilateral triangle is inscribed in the ellipse whose equation is $x^2+4y^2=4$.
One vertex of the triangle is (0, 1), one altitude is contained in the y-axis, and the length of each side is m/n, where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Find m+n.

Source: AIME
Note: Assumed person graphed the triangle in the ellipse.

Algebratic Solution:

We start by making one vertex not the point given $(x,y)$. The other vertices are $(0,1),(-x,y)$ respectively. We note that the disyance between all the points must be the same. Distance formula!

$\sqrt{x^2+(y-1)^2}=2x$. Squaring both sides,

$x^2+(y-1)^2=4x^2$ which implies that $(y-1)^2=3x^2$.

We can substitue this back into the ellispe equation:

$\frac{(y-1)^2}{3}+4y^2=4$. Using the qaudratic formula, we obtain

$y=\frac{-11}{13}$. Then

$(\frac{-11-13}{13})^2=3x^2$ which implies that

$3x^2=\frac{576}{169}$, so $x^2=\frac{192}{169}$.

$(y-1)^2=\frac{576}{169}$. The distance formula result we want is the side leangth, so

$\sqrt{\frac{576}{169}+\frac{192}{169}}=\sqrt{\frac{768}{169}}$.

Thus our answer is $768+169=937$.

Trigonometric Solution:

We note that the slope of the line which is the side of the tringle is the tangent of 60 (rise over run=y over x). The line has points

$(x,y),(0,1)$, so the slope is $\frac{y-1}{x}$. Since it equals the tangent of 60, we have:

$\frac{y-1}{x}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{1}$. Cross multiplying,

$x\sqrt{3}=y-1$ implies $x\sqrt{3}+1=y$.

We plug this back in the ellispe equation:

$x^2+4(3x^3+2\sqrt{3}x+1)=4$, so we have

$13x^2+8\sqrt{3}x=0$.

The only plausible solution is $x=\frac{-8\sqrt{3}}{13}$.

This gives a solution for y: $\frac{-11}{13}$.

Computing the distance between $(x,y)$ and $(0,1)$ using the distance formula, we have

$\sqrt{\frac{768}{169}}$.

Thus our answer is $768+169=937$.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by djmathman, Apr 6, 2015, 2:47 AM
Reason: latex

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