Importance of Science Education

by rrusczyk, Jun 4, 2008, 1:04 AM

Osud pointed me to this article in which a scientist writes about the importance of a science education. The article focuses mainly on the romantic notion of a scientific approach to the world, and I'm pretty much entirely sympathetic to his claims. He also notes that the engaging and inspiring mysteries of science get entirely overwhelmed in the classroom by the details of working out this or that equation or memorizing this or that fact. I became much more interested in physics from reading popularizations of quantum mechanics than I did in taking a class on it at Princeton -- even at the collegiate level, the mystery was often sucked out of the problems.

But the writer doesn't address the most important reason for a science education, which also happens to be a big part of the reason science isn't taught the way he would like. We need a scientifically literate electorate even more than we need a mathematically literate one because the electorate is somewhat responsible for how we as a society allocate research resources in science. They are responsible for allocating these resources in mathematics, but not nearly as many resources are needed there.

A scientifically illiterate electorate is much more likely to get our government entwined in scientifically disastrous policies, as when the Soviets stomped genetics out of their agriculture. So, why isn't science taught in a way that entrances and intrigues students, the way the author would like? Partly because many, if not most, of the big questions of science touch on very politicially actionable issues such as the beginning of the universe and evolution. So, a teacher who wishes to tantalize students with some of the sweeping epic tales of science runs the risk of being embroiled in controversy, and that's a shame... But I'm guessing that maybe the writer can't mention that in the NYT, either.

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I think a big-picture education would be cool. My guess for why it's not being done is because it's really hard to do. In the only subject I know well (math), if someone asked me to give a big-picture talk, I would have to spend way more time preparing than for a usual talk. (And that's just one hour, not a whole semester or year.) That's why I tend to pick a relatively narrow topic and discuss a handful of problems instead.

To help teachers aim for the big picture, maybe what's needed are science textbooks positioned midway between popular-science trade books and detail-oriented textbooks. They could emphasize the conceptual parts of science while including enough problems for students to solidify their understanding. Sounds like another job for AoPS?

My friend, a physics tutor, says that he frequently gives students qualitative problems without numbers in them. When students get a problem with numbers, they tend to look for some formula to plug the numbers into (whether the formula is applicable or not). Without numbers, the students are forced to think.

by Ravi B, Jun 4, 2008, 12:46 PM

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What you describe your friend doing is exactly what my two favorite science classes at Princeton were like: few numbers, almost all concepts. Physics is particularly good for that sort of thing.

Another job for AoPS, indeed. I just have to find the people to do it! (Actually, I think I have someone who has a great pile of physics problems, but we're still working on the delivery mechanism and the framework to put them in. And a couple students I know are doing some nice work in chemistry that might mature into a great resource.)

by rrusczyk, Jun 4, 2008, 3:04 PM

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I completely agree with your assessment of the importance of science education (creating a scientifically literate electorate), but my main objections to the article came from this quote:
Quote:
But most of these studies (and their suggestions) avoid an overarching systemic issue: in teaching our students, we continually fail to activate rich opportunities for revealing the breathtaking vistas opened up by science, and instead focus on the need to gain competency with science’s underlying technical details.

I think the problem is the belief that "activat[ing] rich opportunities for revealing the breathtaking vistas opened up by science" and "the need to gain competency with science's underlying technical details" are mutually exclusive goals. In fact, I think the problem comes from aiming for one without the other. Technical details without understanding the big picture and the inherent interest of science leaves people thinking that this is all deadly dull. Teaching science without telling people how it all works isn't teaching science.

This is my complaint about most of Greene's work in general-- he emphasizes "big ideas" without providing the scientific detail to back up those ideas. I watched his PBS series on The Elegant Universe (I think) but eventually turned it off because I couldn't stand how it felt like he was making one sensationalistic claim after another without providing the science to back it up.

That's the problem that we get from a scientifically illiterate electorate, people who don't even think or care to examine the evidence behind a set of claims.

by Osud, Jun 5, 2008, 4:14 PM

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