69. Position of x1, x2 w.r.t. a given real number k.

by Virgil Nicula, Jul 29, 2010, 5:58 PM

Let $x_1$ , $x_2$ be the roots of the equation $f(x)\equiv ax^2+bx+c=0$ , where $\{a,b,c\}\subset\mathbb R$ , $a\ne 0$ and let $k$ be a given real
number. Denote $\Delta\equiv b^2-4ac$ and the sum $S\equiv x_1+x_2=-\frac ba$ . Appear eight distinct positions of real roots $x_1$ , $x_2$ w.r.t. $k$ .


\[\boxed{\ \begin{array}{cccccc}
\\
1\blacktriangleright & k<x_1<x_2 & \iff & \left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\Delta & > & 0\\\\
a\cdot f(k) & > & 0\\\\
S-2k & > & 0\end{array}\right| & \iff & (\ +\  +\  +\ )\\\\
2\blacktriangleright & k=x_1<x_2 & \iff & \left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\Delta & > & 0\\\\
a\cdot f(k) & = & 0\\\\ 
S-2k & > & 0\end{array}\right| & \iff & (\ +\  0\  +\ )\\\\
3\blacktriangleright & x_1<k<x_2 & \iff & \begin{array}{ccc}
a\cdot f(k) & < & 0\end{array}  & \iff & (\ *\  -\  *\ )\\\\
4\blacktriangleright & x_1<x_2=k & \iff & \left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\Delta & > & 0\\\\
a\cdot f(k) & = & 0\\\\ 
S-2k & < & 0\end{array}\right| & \iff & (\ +\  0\  -\ )\\\\
5\blacktriangleright & x_1<x_2<k & \iff & \left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\Delta & > & 0\\\\
a\cdot f(k) & > & 0\\\\ 
S-2k & < & 0\end{array}\right| & \iff & (\ +\  +\  -\ )\\\\
6\blacktriangleright & k<x_1=x_2 & \iff & \left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\Delta & = & 0\\\\
S-2k & > & 0\end{array}\right| & \iff & (\ 0\  *\  +\ )\\\\
7\blacktriangleright & k=x_1=x_2 & \iff & \left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\Delta & = & 0\\\\ 
S-2k & = & 0\end{array}\right| & \iff & (\ 0\  *\  0\ )\\\\
8\blacktriangleright & x_1=x_2<k & \iff & \left|\begin{array}{ccc}
\Delta & = & 0\\\\ 
S-2k & < & 0\end{array}\right| & \iff & (\ 0\  *\  -\ )\\\\
9\blacktriangleright & \{x_1,x_2\}\cap\mathbb R=\emptyset & \iff & \begin{array}{ccc}
\Delta & < & 0\end{array} & \iff & (\ -\  *\  *\ )\\\\
\end{array}\ }\]
This post has been edited 20 times. Last edited by Virgil Nicula, Apr 5, 2016, 1:39 PM

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