277. A nice and difficult relation with Lemoine's axis.

by Virgil Nicula, May 12, 2011, 3:45 PM

Proposed problem. The lines $AB$ and $AC$ are tangent from the point $A$ to the circle $(O)$ at $B$ and $C$ respectively and $D$ is a point

on the major/minor arc $BC$ . Denote $E\in BD\cap AC$ and $F\in DC\cap BA$ . Prove that $ EF^{2}=BF^{2}+CE^{2}-BF\cdot CE$ .


Proof. Suppose w.l.o.g. that the point $D$ is on the major arc $BC$ . Prove analogously that in the another case when $D$ is a point on the minor arc $BC$ .

Denote $AB=AC=l$ and $BF=a$ , $CE=b$ , $EF=x$ . If the the tangent $DD$ to $(O)$ through $D$ cuts $BC$ at $P$ , then $P\in EF$ are collinear on the

Lemoine's axis of $\triangle BDC$ . Apply the Menelaus' theorem to the transversal $\overline{PFE}$ and $\triangle ABC\ :\ \frac {FB}{FA}$ $\cdot\frac {EA}{EC}\cdot\frac {PC}{PB}=1\iff$ $\frac{PB}{PC}=\frac{a}{l+a} \cdot \frac{l+b}{b}$ .

Since $\frac {PB}{PC}=\left(\frac {DB}{DC}\right)^2$ and $\left\{\begin{array}{ccccc}
\triangle FBD\sim \triangle FCB & \implies & \frac {BD}{CB}=\frac {FB}{FC} & \implies & DB=\frac {BC\cdot FB}{FC}\\\\
\triangle ECD\sim \triangle EBC & \implies & \frac {CD}{BC}=\frac {EC}{EB} & \implies & DC=\frac {BC\cdot EC}{EB}\end{array}\right\|$ $\implies $ $\boxed{\frac {DB}{DC}=\frac ab\cdot\frac {EB}{FC}}\ (*)$ .

Obtain that $\frac {a(l+b)}{b(l+a)}=\frac {a^2}{b^2}\cdot \left(\frac {EB}{FC}\right)^2$ $\Longrightarrow \boxed{\frac{EB^2}{FC^2}=\frac{b(l+b)}{a(l+a)}}\ (1)$ . Apply the Stewart's theorem to the cevians $EB$ , $FC$ in $\triangle AFE\ :$

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}
EB^2=\frac{x^2l+a(l+b)^2-al(l+a)}{l+a}\\\\
FC^2=\frac{x^2l+b(l+a)^2-bl(l+b)}{l+b}\end{array}\right\|\implies$ $\boxed{\frac{EB^2}{FC^2}=\frac{l+b}{l+a} \cdot \frac{x^2l+a(l+b)^2-al(l+a)}{x^2l+b(l+a)^2-bl(l+b)}}\ (2)$ .

From the relations $(1)$ and $(2)$ obtain that $\frac{x^2l+a(l+b)^2-al(l+a)}{x^2l+b(l+a)^2-bl(l+b)}=$ $\frac{b}{a} \Longrightarrow \ x^2=a^2+b^2-ab$ .

Remark. I"ll show otherwise the relation $(*)$ . Denote $\left\|\begin{array}{c}
m(\angle DBC)=u\\\\
m(\angle DCB)=v\\\\
m(\angle ABC)=w\end{array}\right\|$ . I will apply the theorem of Sinus in

$\triangle BDC$ , $\triangle BEC$ and $\triangle BFC\ :\ \frac {DB}{DC}=$ $\frac {\sin v}{\sin u}=\frac {\sin v}{\sin w}\cdot\frac {\sin w}{\sin u}=$ $\frac {a}{FC}\cdot \frac {EB}{b}$ $\implies$ $\frac {DB}{DC}=\frac ab\cdot\frac {EB}{FC}$ .
This post has been edited 35 times. Last edited by Virgil Nicula, Nov 22, 2015, 7:16 AM

Comment

0 Comments

Own problems or extensions/generalizations of some problems which was posted here.

avatar

Virgil Nicula
Archives
+ October 2017
+ September 2017
+ December 2016
+ October 2016
+ February 2016
+ September 2013
+ October 2010
+ September 2010
Shouts
Submit
  • orzzzzzzzzz

    by mathMagicOPS, Jan 9, 2025, 3:40 AM

  • this css is sus

    by ihatemath123, Aug 14, 2024, 1:53 AM

  • 391345 views moment

    by ryanbear, May 9, 2023, 6:10 AM

  • We need virgil nicula to return to aops, this blog is top 10 all time.

    by OlympusHero, Sep 14, 2022, 4:44 AM

  • :omighty: blog

    by tigerzhang, Aug 1, 2021, 12:02 AM

  • Amazing blog.

    by OlympusHero, May 13, 2021, 10:23 PM

  • the visits tho

    by GoogleNebula, Apr 14, 2021, 5:25 AM

  • Bro this blog is ripped

    by samrocksnature, Apr 14, 2021, 5:16 AM

  • Holy- Darn this is good. shame it's inactive now

    by the_mathmagician, Jan 17, 2021, 7:43 PM

  • godly blog. opopop

    by OlympusHero, Dec 30, 2020, 6:08 PM

  • long blog

    by MrMustache, Nov 11, 2020, 4:52 PM

  • 372554 views!

    by mrmath0720, Sep 28, 2020, 1:11 AM

  • wow... i am lost.

    369302 views!

    -piphi

    by piphi, Jun 10, 2020, 11:44 PM

  • That was a lot! But, really good solutions and format! Nice blog!!!! :)

    by CSPAL, May 27, 2020, 4:17 PM

  • impressive :D
    awesome. 358,000 visits?????

    by OlympusHero, May 14, 2020, 8:43 PM

72 shouts
Tags
About Owner
  • Posts: 7054
  • Joined: Jun 22, 2005
Blog Stats
  • Blog created: Apr 20, 2010
  • Total entries: 456
  • Total visits: 404395
  • Total comments: 37
Search Blog
a